Optimization design of carbon molecular sieves and its I3- reduction performance

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191533

Abstract

Abstract:

The study compared the I₃^- reduction properties of four carbon materials, commercial carbon molecular sieve (CMS), multi-walled carbon nanotubes, activated carbon and reduced graphene oxide. The morphology and structure of the materials were characterized by FESEM, TEM and XRD, and their catalytic performance for $I_{3}^{-}$ reduction was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Tafel polarization test. Compared with other materials, CMS possesses the highest power conversion efficiency of 7.46% as the CE materials in DSSCs. The effects of annealing temperatures on themorphology, structure and electrocatalytic activity of CMS were also investigated. The as-made CMS800 via thermal annealing at 800^oC achieves a high power conversion efficiency of 8.56%, which is significantly better than the precious metal Pt counter electrode, and at the same time shows better electrochemical stability than that of Pt.

Key words: dye-sensitized solar cells, carbon molecular sieves, power conversion efficiency, catalytic activity, triiodide reduction

摘要：

研究对比了商业化碳分子筛(CMS)、多壁碳纳米管、活性炭和还原氧化石墨烯四种碳材料的I₃^-还原性能。采用场发射扫描电镜、高倍率透射电镜、X射线衍射等技术手段表征了材料的微观结构特征，结合循环伏安(CV)和光电转换测试(I-V)结果，解耦了材料的构效关系。结果发现，以CMS为对电极组装的DSSCs的光电转换效率最高，达7.46%。在此基础上，研究考察了高温退火处理对CMS的微观结构、性质和性能的影响，揭示了影响I₃^-还原性能的关键因素。结果表明，800℃处理的样品CMS800光电转换效率高达8.56%，明显优于贵金属Pt对电极，同时表现出优于Pt的电化学稳定性。

关键词: 染料敏化太阳能电池, 碳分子筛, 光电转换效率, 催化活性, I₃^-还原

CLC Number:

TM 914.4

Chun YAO, Longlong HUANG, Jiangwei CHANG, Yiwang DING, Chang YU, Jieshan QIU. Optimization design of carbon molecular sieves and its I₃^- reduction performance[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(6): 2696-2704.

姚春, 黄龙龙, 常江伟, 丁一旺, 于畅, 邱介山. 碳分子筛的优化设计及其I₃^-还原性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(6): 2696-2704.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 FESEM images of CMS(a), MWCNT (b), AC (c) and RGO (d); HRTEM image (e) and thermogravimetric analysis curve (f) of CMS

Fig.2 XRD patterns (a), Raman spectra (b), nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms (c) and the pore size distribution (d) of CMS, AC, MWCNT and RGO

Fig.3 CV curves of various CEs(a); Nyquist plots curves (inset is the magnified plots and equivalent circuits) (b); Tafel curves of the symmetrical dummy cells assembled by various CEs (c) and J-V curves of DSSCs based on various CEs (d)

Table 1 Electrochemical parameters derived from EIS measurements for various CEs

对电极	R_s /(Ω·cm²)	R_ct/(Ω·cm²)
AC	5.76	5.81
MWCNT	5.24	0.41
RGO	4.88	5.90
CMS	5.12	2.23

Table 2 Photovoltaic parameters for various CEs

对电极	V_oc/V	J_sc/(mA·cm^-2)	FF	PCE/%
AC	0.77	14.79	0.61	6.88
MWCNT	0.71	13.78	0.66	6.41
RGO	0.78	14.92	0.61	7.13
CMS	0.74	16.59	0.61	7.46

Fig.4 FESEM images of CMS (a) and CMS800 (b) samples; XRD patterns (c) and Raman spectra (d) of CMS, CMS600, CMS800 and CMS1000 samples

Fig.5 CV curves for CMS800 and Pt CEs(a); Nyquist plots curves (inset is the magnified plots and equivalent circuits) (b) and Tafel curves (c) of the symmetrical dummy cells assembled by various CEs; J-V curves of DSSCs based on various CEs (d)

Table 3 Electrochemical parameters derived from EIS measurements for various CEs

对电极	R_s /(Ω·cm²)	R_ct /(Ω·cm²)
CMS600	5.56	2.02
CMS800	5.00	1.03
CMS1000	5.01	1.31
Pt	9.78	1.08

Table 4 Photovoltaic parameters for various CEs

对电极	V_oc/V	J_sc/(mA·cm^-2)	FF	PCE/%
CMS600	0.73	16.01	0.65	7.65
CMS800	0.75	17.03	0.67	8.56
CMS1000	0.74	15.56	0.69	8.04
Pt	0.71	13.31	0.69	6.53

Fig.6 Electrochemical stability of CMS800 (a) and Pt (b) dummy cells, the EIS tests were repeated for 10 times (inset is the equivalent circuits); Rct changes of CMS800 and Pt CEs versus the EIS scan number (c)

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Optimization design of carbon molecular sieves and its I₃^- reduction performance

碳分子筛的优化设计及其I₃^-还原性能研究

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