Role of magnesium-chlorine solvation structures in magnesium electrolytes

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210124

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to the combination of low cost, good safety performance and high volumetric energy density (3832 A·h·L^-1), magnesium metal secondary batteries have received extensive attention. However, the practical application of magnesium anode is still limited by the lack of the solvation understanding of active species in electrolyte. At present, magnesium-based electrolytes are mainly divided into Grignard reagent electrolytes of ether solvents, magnesium-aluminum chloride complex (MACC) electrolytes and Mg(TFSI)₂-based electrolytes. Among them, the coordination environment of magnesium and chlorine plays a key role in the operation of magnesium battery, mainly involving reducing the deposition overpotential, enhancing the kinetics of magnesium deposition and improving the reversibility of magnesium deposition. Based on the specific magnesium-chlorine interaction in bulk electrolyte and at the electrode/electrolyte interface, we clarify the preliminary development route and design concept of magnesium-based electrolytes, and prospect the future research direction.

Key words: magnesium ion battery, electrolyte, complexes, interface, chloridion, solvation structure

摘要：

因兼顾成本低、安全性能好及体积能量密度高（3832 A·h·L^-1）等优点，镁金属二次电池受到了广泛关注。但是，镁负极的实际应用仍然受限于电解液活性物种溶剂化结构的认识不足。目前，镁基电解液主要分为醚类溶剂的格氏试剂电解液、氯化镁铝络合物（MACC）电解液和Mg（TFSI）₂基电解液等。其中，镁离子-氯离子的配位结构对镁电池正常运行起到了关键作用，主要突出在降低沉积过电位、增强镁沉积动力学和提高沉积镁可逆性等方面。以氯离子在体相电解液中和在电极界面上与镁之间的相互作用为切入点，分析了镁基电解液的前期开发路线及设计理念，并对镁二次电池的未来发展进行了总结和展望。

关键词: 镁离子电池, 电解质, 配合物, 界面, 氯离子, 溶剂化结构

CLC Number:

TM 911.3

YANG Yuanyuan, WANG Jinzhi, DU Junzhe, DU Aobing, ZHAO Jingwen, CUI Guanglei. Role of magnesium-chlorine solvation structures in magnesium electrolytes[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(6): 3116-3129.

阳源源, 王进芝, 杜俊哲, 杜奥冰, 赵井文, 崔光磊. 镁-氯溶剂化结构在镁基电解液中的作用[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(6): 3116-3129.

Figures/Tables 1

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