Abstract: All-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is one of rechargeable batteries. The battery can be charged and discharged by valence change of vanadium ions. The electrolytic solution of redox flow battery is circulated by pumps between battery cells and tanks. The characteristics of output voltage is influenced by chemical reaction, electrolytic solution flow, and electrical circuit. However, there is little research in consideration of the above interactions. Therefore, a model based on the above facts was established. Simulation results were compared with experimental results. The validity of the model was checked by comparison. Furthermore, simulation was performed to study the relation ship between charging/discharging currents and battery capacity. A peak of battery capacity was observed with change of current. The model was appropriate and simulation expressed the experimental result correctly. It is expected that this model will give a useful indicator to design and control of the battery.

Key words: all-vanadium redox flow battery, rechargeable battery, charge/discharge operation model, simulation, cross over reaction

摘要： 建立全钒液流电池充电/放电过程模型，描述钒离子在离子传导膜中渗透产生的自放电现象对电池过程影响，反映电解液中不同价态钒离子浓度随时间变化规律，以及电池开路电压、端电压的时间依存性。通过与实验结果对比，数值模拟与实验结果保持良好一致性，验证所发展的数学模型的有效性。利用数值模拟再现实验结果，研究了充放电电流与电池容量的关系。结果表明：电池容量随电流的变化存在峰值。所建立的全钒液流电池过程模型，为液流电池储能系统的设计和操作提供依据。

关键词: 全钒液流电池, 二次电池, 充放电过程模型, 数值模拟, 交叉放电