Abstract: The principles of the application of microwave radiation to phyochemical processing of lignocellulose were discussed. As compared with conventional heating method, the possibility and the technical parameters for using microwave radiation to produce activated carbon were studied in the activation of Acacia meavruii willd wood with activating agent zinc chloride. The results shown that it is entirely very possible to apply microwave radiation with activating agent Zinc chloride to producing activated carbon, and microwave radiation has significant effects on the rate of activation and the yield, quality of activated carbon.

摘要： <正>木质纤维原料热化学加工包括木质原料的干燥、炭化、干馏、气化、活性炭制造、松根干馏、桦皮干馏等。不论进行哪种热化学加工均离不开加热能源,其中尤以活性炭制造要求更高。 传统的加热方式有电加热、水蒸气加热和烟道气加热等,它们是根据热传导、对流和辐射原理使热量从外部传至物料内部,加热速度慢,受热不均,且能耗高。微波加热技术与传统加热技术不同,它是通过被加热体内部偶极分子高频往复运动,产生“内摩擦热”而使被加热物料温度升高,不需任何热传导过程,就能使物料内外部同时加热、同时升温,加热速度快而均匀,仅需传统加热方式的几分之一或几十分之一时间就可达到加热目的。近20年来微波辐射研究取得了迅速发展,涉及的领域也相当广泛。但利用微波辐射技术取代传统加热方式应用于木质纤维原料热化学加工方面却报道极少。