Abstract: Catholyte stability of VRB was studied by adding additives in the negative vanadium sulfate solution. The V（Ⅲ）sulfate solutions properties with 1% oxalic acid，ammonium oxalate，ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid，glucose，D-fructose and α-lactose were investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The experimental results showed that the solubility and stability of V（Ⅲ）solution were improved. The solution containing a small amount of carboxylic acids was better than that containing hydroxyl compounds. The charge-discharge performance of the VRB（1.8 mol·L^-1 V³⁺ sulfate solution with 1% oxalic acid as catholyte and 2 mol·L^-1 VOSO₄-H₂SO₄ solution as anolyte）had the higher unit volume capacity.

Key words: vanandium redox battery, electrolyte, additives, state of charge

摘要： 在钒硫酸溶液中加入添加剂,对钒电池阴极电解液的稳定性进行了研究。利用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法分别对含1%的草酸、草酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸、葡萄糖、D-果糖、α-乳糖的V（Ⅲ）硫酸溶液进行了分析测试。实验结果表明：添加上述添加剂后，溶液中V（Ⅲ）的溶解度和稳定性有所提高，羧酸类化合物比羟基类化合物的效果更加明显，更适合作为阴极电解液的添加剂。当采用1%草酸的1.8 mol· L^-1 V（Ⅲ）硫酸溶液作为阴极电解液和2 mol·L^-1 VOSO₄硫酸溶液作为阳极电解液组装钒电池时，电池的充放电性能表明此时钒硫酸溶液具有较高的单位体积电容量。

关键词: 钒电池, 阴极电解液, 添加剂, 荷电状态