Reaction mechanism of aldehydes and ammonia to form pyridine bases

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.08.025

CIESC Journal ›› 2013, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (8): 2875-2882.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.08.025

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Reaction mechanism of aldehydes and ammonia to form pyridine bases

ZHANG Xian, LUO Caiwu, HUANG Denggao, LI An, LIU Juanjuan, CHAO Zisheng

State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China

Received:2012-12-28 Revised:2013-05-03 Online:2013-08-05 Published:2013-08-05
Supported by:
supported by the Program for Lotus Scholar in Hunan Province and the Program for Innovative Research Team(Hunan University)of MOE(IRT1238).

醛/氨反应合成吡啶碱机理

张弦, 罗才武, 黄登高, 李安, 刘娟娟, 晁自胜

湖南大学化学化工学院, 化学生物传感与计量学国家重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410082

通讯作者: 晁自胜
作者简介:张弦(1983- ),男,博士研究生。
基金资助:
湖南省芙蓉学者奖励计划项目;教育部创新团队(湖南大学)项目(IRT1238)。

Abstract

Abstract: Pyridine bases were prepared by reactions of aldehydes(formaldehyde,acrolein and/or acetaldehyde)with ammonium acetate,using acetic acid as solvent,in a refluxing tank reactor under atmospheric pressure.Quantum chemical and thermodynamic calculations were conducted to analyze the configurations and charges of acrolein and propylene imine and to investigate the electrostatic interaction,frontier molecular orbital and energy changes during the formations of intermediate dihydropyridine and product 3-methyl pyridine.Based on these results,a reaction mechanism was proposed for the formation of 3-methyl pyridine from acrolein and ammonia,and also,a general rule was summarized for the reaction of aldehyde with ammonia to form pyridine bases.The products distribution predicted theoretically was consistent with that obtained by experiment.

Key words: aldehyde, pyridine bases, alkenyl imine, dihydropyridine

摘要： 在常压釜式反应器中,以乙酸为溶剂,开展了乙酸铵(氨源)与甲醛、乙醛和丙烯醛中的一种或多种反应制备吡啶碱的研究。通过Hückel和Mulliken模型的量子化学和热力学计算,分析了丙烯醛和反应中间体丙烯亚胺的构型和电荷,考察了生成中间体二氢吡啶和产物3-甲基吡啶过程中的静电相互作用、前线分子轨道和能量变化,从而提出了丙烯醛/氨合成3-甲基吡啶的反应机理,并总结了醛/氨反应制吡啶碱反应的一般规律。理论预测的产物组成与实验结果具有良好的一致性。

关键词: 醛, 吡啶碱, 烯亚胺, 二氢吡啶

CLC Number:

O626.32

ZHANG Xian, LUO Caiwu, HUANG Denggao, LI An, LIU Juanjuan, CHAO Zisheng. Reaction mechanism of aldehydes and ammonia to form pyridine bases[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(8): 2875-2882.

张弦, 罗才武, 黄登高, 李安, 刘娟娟, 晁自胜. 醛/氨反应合成吡啶碱机理[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(8): 2875-2882.

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Reaction mechanism of aldehydes and ammonia to form pyridine bases

醛/氨反应合成吡啶碱机理

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