Abstract: Energy saving and emission reduction technologies for vehicles have been paid more attention in recent years, and it is necessary to investigate how to efficiently recover and utilize the waste heat from vehicle engines to drive automotive air conditioning system. Based on that, a full air-cooled bubble absorption refrigeration test system with 3 kW cooling capacity driven by waste heat, using R124-DMAC as working fluids was designed and built. In the system, engine exhaust gas was simulated by heated air. Operating parameters were tested through changing heat source temperature, chilled water temperature and pump flow rate. The maximum COP of the system could reach 0.54 under the condition of generator temperature 100℃ and evaporating temperature -4℃. Heat source and chilled water temperatures had an important effect on cooling capacity and COP, and this system had good stability. However when evaporating temperature was below 5℃, a rectification unit should be considered in order to improve cooling effects. Additionally, this experiment proved that the air-cooled bubble absorber worked well, providing theoretical support for the refrigeration system driven by waste heat in vehicle air conditioning.

Key words: vehicle air conditioning, experimental validation, waste heat, heat transfer, bubble absorption, multi-thread spiral coil generator, vapor liquid equilibria, thermodynamics

摘要： 设计并搭建了制冷量为3 kW、以R124-DMAC为工质、采用电热高温空气模拟发动机排气废热的空冷鼓泡吸收制冷实验系统,通过改变热空气进口温度、冷冻水温度和浓溶泵流率测试系统工作参数的变化趋势。实验结果表明,当发生器稀溶液出口温度约为100℃时,蒸发温度为-4℃,系统COP值最大可达到约0.54,而且实验系统稳定性较好;影响系统制冷量和COP值的主要参数是热空气进口温度和冷冻水温度;当蒸发温度低于5℃时,为了提高制冷效果需考虑设置精馏装置。

关键词: 汽车空调, 实验验证, 废热, 传热, 鼓泡吸收, 多头螺旋盘管发生器, 汽液平衡, 热力学