Working fluid screening and thermodynamic optimization of hazardous waste incineration coupled organic Rankine cycle system

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230371

Abstract

Abstract:

In addition to meeting the heat demand and loss of the own system, most of the heat generated by the incineration of hazardous waste can be used as a heat source for the low-temperature power generation system. The saturated steam generated from the waste heat boiler is used as a latent heat type heat source to drive the organic Rankine cycle system. The screening of working fluid is performed based on the thermodynamic and thermo-economic analysis. The basic process of the hazardous waste incineration system was further optimized. The regenerative ORC was analyzed and compared with the basic ORC. The results show that Benzene can provide the optimal performance and is suggested as the ORC working fluid. The optimization of the hazardous waste system increases the ORC capacity by 24.5%. Compared with the basic ORC, the net output work, thermal efficiency, and exergy efficiency of the regenerative ORC system are increased by 19.98%, 35.57%, and 19.99%, respectively.

Key words: waste treatment, hazardous waste incinerator, organic Rankine cycle, working fluid screening, thermodynamics, optimization, economic analysis

摘要：

危险废弃物焚烧处理产生的热量除了用于满足自身系统热量需求和损失外，其余大部分热量可以作为低温发电系统热源。利用该余热锅炉产生的饱和蒸汽作为潜热型热源驱动有机朗肯循环系统做功，并基于热力学和热经济学分析进行工质筛选。研究进一步对危废焚烧系统的基础流程进行优化，并分析了回热对ORC系统的热力学性能的影响。结果表明，工质Benzene表现最优，且危废系统优化后做功能力的提升，相较于基础结构增加了24.5%，回热后ORC系统净输出功提升了19.98%，热效率提升了35.57%，㶲效率提升了19.99%。

关键词: 废物处理, 危废焚烧炉, 有机朗肯循环, 工质筛选, 热力学, 优化, 经济学分析

CLC Number:

TK 123

Manzheng ZHANG, Meng XIAO, Peiwei YAN, Zheng MIAO, Jinliang XU, Xianbing JI. Working fluid screening and thermodynamic optimization of hazardous waste incineration coupled organic Rankine cycle system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3502-3512.

张曼铮, 肖猛, 闫沛伟, 苗政, 徐进良, 纪献兵. 危废焚烧处理耦合有机朗肯循环系统工质筛选与热力学优化[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(8): 3502-3512.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Flow diagram of hazardous waste incineration system

Fig.2 BORC system structure schematic and T-s diagram

Fig.3 RORC system structure schematic and T-s diagram

Table 1 Working fluid physical property information and cycle parameters

工质名称	GWP (100年)	ODP	临界温度/℃	蒸发压力/kPa	冷凝压力/kPa	热源出口温度/℃	膨胀机出口温度/℃
Isopentane	约20	0	187.20	3098.74	141.15	49.60	88.47
Pentane	约20	0	196.55	2676.09	107.22	49.24	93.617
R141b	725	0.12	204.35	3405.28	129.11	50.81	65.94
R113	6130	1	214.06	2369.17	72.71	49.12	92.40
Isohexane	0	—	224.55	1801.04	45.16	47.85	112.70
Hexane	约20	0	234.67	1535.66	33.26	47.85	111.85
Cyclopentane	—	0	238.57	2275.79	70.14	49.65	86.46
Heptane	约20	0	266.98	822.54	10.69	47.27	119.53
Isooctane	约20	0	270.85	756.98	10.97	46.61	129.41
Benzene	—	—	288.87	1219.83	23.26	49.40	81.37
Octane	约20	0	296.17	455.71	3.49	47.01	123.85
C1cc6	—	0	299.05	731.90	10.78	47.55	116.95

Fig.4 Comparison of thermodynamic properties of each working fluid cycle and T-s diagram of optimal working fluid

Fig.5 Hazardous waste incineration system steam heating white-out energy flow diagram (working fluid Benzene)

Fig.6 Flow chart of flue gas heating elimination of hazardous waste incineration system

Fig.7 Hazardous waste incineration system flue gas heating white-out exergy flow diagram (working fluid Benzene)

Fig.8 BORC and RORC systems with different steam volumes driven by steam and flue gas whitening for the screening of the working fluid

Fig.9 Comparison of total photomode cost for different working conditions with different working fluid

References 32

1	Pan M Z, Chen X T, Li X Y. Multi-objective analysis and optimization of cascade supercritical CO₂ cycle and organic Rankine cycle systems for waste-to-energy power plant[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022, 214: 118882.
2	高林, 张旺, 周云峰, 等. 危险废物焚烧余热锅炉研究进展[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2021, 35(6): 943-954.
	Gao L, Zhang W, Zhou Y F, et al. Research progress of waste heat boiler for hazardous waste incineration[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2021, 35(6): 943-954.
3	Buekens A. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology [M]. New York: Springer, 2013:106.
4	Chen H, Zhao L, Cong H F, et al. Synthesis of waste heat recovery using solar organic Rankine cycle in the separation of benzene/toluene/p-xylene process[J]. Energy, 2022, 255: 124443.
5	Yu H S, Helland H, Yu X J, et al. Optimal design and operation of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system driven by solar energy with sensible thermal energy storage[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2021, 244: 114494.
6	Peris B, Navarro-Esbrí J, Mateu-Royo C, et al. Thermo-economic optimization of small-scale organic Rankine cycle: a case study for low-grade industrial waste heat recovery[J]. Energy, 2020, 213: 118898.
7	Kumar A, Rakshit D. A critical review on waste heat recovery utilization with special focus on organic Rankine cycle applications[J]. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 2021, 5: 100292.
8	Mahmoudi A, Fazli M, Morad M R. A recent review of waste heat recovery by organic Rankine cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 143: 660-675.
9	Imran M, Usman M, Park B S, et al. Comparative assessment of organic Rankine cycle integration for low temperature geothermal heat source applications[J]. Energy, 2016, 102: 473-490.
10	Bahrami M, Pourfayaz F, Kasaeian A. Low global warming potential (GWP) working fluids (WFs) for organic Rankine cycle (ORC) applications[J]. Energy Reports, 2022, 8: 2976-2988.
11	Pili R, Bojer Jørgensen S, Haglind F. Multi-objective optimization of organic Rankine cycle systems considering their dynamic performance[J]. Energy, 2022, 246: 123345.
12	曹健, 冯新, 吉晓燕, 等. 基于混合工质的多级蒸发ORC理论极限性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(7): 3780-3787.
	Cao J, Feng X, Ji X Y, et al. Study on the theoretical limit performance of multi-pressure evaporation ORC based on zeotropic mixture[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(7): 3780-3787.
13	Ashwni, Rawat P, Sherwani A F, et al. Advanced exergy, economic, and environmental evaluation of an organic Rankine cycle driven dual evaporators vapour-compression refrigeration system using organic fluids[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, doi:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2023.02.002 .
14	Miao Z, Zhang K, Wang M X, et al. Thermodynamic selection criteria of zeotropic mixtures for subcritical organic Rankine cycle[J]. Energy, 2019, 167: 484-497.
15	Miao Z, Li Z H, Zhang K, et al. Selection criteria of zeotropic mixtures for subcritical organic Rankine cycle based on thermodynamic and thermo-economic analysis[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 180: 115837.
16	李子航, 王占博, 苗政, 等. 亚临界有机朗肯循环系统工质筛选及热经济性分析[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(9): 4487-4495.
	Li Z H, Wang Z B, Miao Z, et al. Working fluid selection and thermo-economic analysis of sub-critical organic Rankine cycle[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(9): 4487-4495.
17	Özcan Z, Ekici Ö. A novel working fluid selection and waste heat recovery by an exergoeconomic approach for a geothermally sourced ORC system[J]. Geothermics, 2021, 95: 102151.
18	Borunda M, Jaramillo O A, Dorantes R, et al. Organic Rankine cycle coupling with a parabolic trough solar power plant for cogeneration and industrial processes[J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 86: 651-663.
19	Boretti A. Recovery of exhaust and coolant heat with R245fa organic Rankine cycles in a hybrid passenger car with a naturally aspirated gasoline engine[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2012, 36: 73-77.
20	Zhang X A, Wang X, Cai J W, et al. Operation strategy of a multi-mode organic Rankine cycle system for waste heat recovery from engine cooling water[J]. Energy, 2023, 263: 125934.
21	Carcasci C, Ferraro R, Miliotti E. Thermodynamic analysis of an organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery from gas turbines[J]. Energy, 2014, 65: 91-100.
22	Mikielewicz D, Wajs J, Ziółkowski P, et al. Utilisation of waste heat from the power plant by use of the ORC aided with bleed steam and extra source of heat[J]. Energy, 2016, 97: 11-19.
23	Kong R, Deethayat T, Asanakham A, et al. Thermodynamic performance analysis of a R245fa organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with different kinds of heat sources at evaporator[J]. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2019, 13: 100385.
24	明勇, 彭艳楠, 苏文, 等. 闭式热源下混合工质与纯工质的ORC性能比较[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(4): 1570-1579.
	Ming Y, Peng Y N, Su W, et al. Thermodynamic performance comparison of ORC between mixtures and pure fluids under closed heat source[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(4): 1570-1579.
25	Anvari S, Jafarmadar S, Khalilarya S. Proposal of a combined heat and power plant hybridized with regeneration organic Rankine cycle: energy-exergy evaluation[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2016, 122: 357-365.
26	Feng Y Q, Wang X, Niaz H, et al. Experimental comparison of the performance of basic and regenerative organic Rankine cycles[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2020, 223: 113459.
27	Chen Z L, Lin X Q, Lu S Y, et al. Suppressing formation pathway of PCDD/Fs by S-N-containing compound in full-scale municipal solid waste incinerators[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 359: 1391-1399.
28	Niu Y Q, Wen L P, Guo X, et al. Co-disposal and reutilization of municipal solid waste and its hazardous incineration fly ash[J]. Environment International, 2022, 166: 107346.
29	Zhan M X, Chen T, Lin X Q, et al. Suppression of dioxins after the post-combustion zone of MSWIs[J]. Waste Management, 2016, 54: 153-161.
30	Yao E R, Zhong L K, Li R X, et al. 4E analysis and optimization of a novel combined cooling, heating and power system integrating compressed air and chemical energy storage with internal combustion engine[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2023, 62: 106777.
31	Hærvig J, Sørensen K, Condra T J. Guidelines for optimal selection of working fluid for an organic Rankine cycle in relation to waste heat recovery[J]. Energy, 2016, 96: 592-602.
32	Vetter C, Wiemer H J, Kuhn D. Comparison of sub- and supercritical organic Rankine cycles for power generation from low-temperature/low-enthalpy geothermal wells, considering specific net power output and efficiency[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 51(1/2): 871-879.

[1]	Xin YANG, Wen WANG, Kai XU, Fanhua MA. Simulation analysis of temperature characteristics of the high-pressure hydrogen refueling process [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 280-286.
[2]	Minghui CHANG, Lin WANG, Jiajia YUAN, Yifei CAO. Study on the cycle performance of salt solution-storage-based heat pump [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 329-337.
[3]	Jianbo HU, Hongchao LIU, Qi HU, Meiying HUANG, Xianyu SONG, Shuangliang ZHAO. Molecular dynamics simulation insight into translocation behavior of organic cage across the cellular membrane [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3756-3765.
[4]	Song HE, Qiaomai LIU, Guangshuo XIE, Simin WANG, Juan XIAO. Two-phase flow simulation and surrogate-assisted optimization of gas film drag reduction in high-concentration coal-water slurry pipeline [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3766-3774.
[5]	Lei XING, Chunyu MIAO, Minghu JIANG, Lixin ZHAO, Xinya LI. Optimal design and performance analysis of downhole micro gas-liquid hydrocyclone [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[6]	Chen HAN, Youmin SITU, Bin ZHU, Jianliang XU, Xiaolei GUO, Haifeng LIU. Study of reaction and flow characteristics in multi-nozzle pulverized coal gasifier with co-processing of wastewater [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3266-3278.
[7]	Guoze CHEN, Dong WEI, Qian GUO, Zhiping XIANG. Optimal power point optimization method for aluminum-air batteries under load tracking condition [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3533-3542.
[8]	Wenzhu LIU, Heming YUN, Baoxue WANG, Mingzhe HU, Chonglong ZHONG. Research on topology optimization of microchannel based on field synergy and entransy dissipation [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3329-3341.
[9]	Chengying ZHU, Zhenlei WANG. Operation optimization of ethylene cracking furnace based on improved deep reinforcement learning algorithm [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3429-3437.
[10]	Wentao WU, Liangyong CHU, Lingjie ZHANG, Weimin TAN, Liming SHEN, Ningzhong BAO. High-efficient preparation of cardanol-based self-healing microcapsules [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 3103-3115.
[11]	Xiaoling TANG, Jiarui WANG, Xuanye ZHU, Renchao ZHENG. Biosynthesis of chiral epichlorohydrin by halohydrin dehalogenase based on Pickering emulsion system [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2926-2934.
[12]	Guixian LI, Abo CAO, Wenliang MENG, Dongliang WANG, Yong YANG, Huairong ZHOU. Process design and evaluation of CO₂ to methanol coupled with SOEC [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2999-3009.
[13]	Yuanhao QU, Wenyi DENG, Xiaodan XIE, Yaxin SU. Study on electro-osmotic dewatering of sludge assisted by activated carbon/graphite [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 3038-3050.
[14]	Xueyan WEI, Yong QIAN. Experimental study on the low to medium temperature oxidation characteristics and kinetics of micro-size iron powder [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(6): 2624-2638.
[15]	Zhaoguang CHEN, Yuxiang JIA, Meng WANG. Modeling neutralization dialysis desalination driven by low concentration waste acid and its validation [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(6): 2486-2494.