Effect of salinity on fouling deposition characteristics in hyperhaline seawater

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190649

Abstract

Abstract:

The process of fouling deposition is complicated. Factors such as the type of pipe, seawater composition, salinity and temperature can affect the deposition characteristics of the fouling. Deposition characteristics of fouling are studied on the surface of titanium tube and copper tube under static conditions with artificial seawater. The seawater temperature is 80℃ and seawater salinity is 6%, 8% and 10%, respectively. The results show that the deposition amount on the metallic surface achieves the highest value at the salinity of 8%. The major composition on the surface of titanium tube is flaky Mg(OH)₂ and minor CaCO₃. Mg(OH)₂is agglomerated on the surface of copper tube. Calcite CaCO₃and_{minor aragonite CaCO₃deposit on the surface of Mg(OH)₂. The deposition trend of fouling on the surface of the two metals is different under the same salinity. CaSO₄ crystals are not observed on the metallic surface.}

Key words: salinity, fouling, crystallization, seawater, desalination

摘要：

污垢沉积过程十分复杂。管材的种类、海水的成分、盐度和温度等因素都会影响污垢的沉积特性。选用人工海水为工质，在温度为80℃，盐度为6%、8%和10%时，对静态条件下铜管和钛管表面污垢的沉积特性进行对比研究。通过实验得出，金属表面污垢质量增量在盐度为8%时最大。钛管表面污垢主要以片状的Mg(OH)₂和少量的CaCO₃为主，而铜管表面的Mg(OH)₂晶体成团聚形态，并且表面附着大量的方解石CaCO₃和少量的文石CaCO₃。在相同盐度下，两种金属表面污垢的沉积趋势不同。在金属表面没有观察到CaSO₄形态的晶体析出。

关键词: 盐度, 结垢, 结晶, 海水, 脱盐

CLC Number:

TK124

Bing NI, Shengqiang SHEN, Yihao LI, Xiaohua LIU, Yiqiao LI, Shanlin LIU. Effect of salinity on fouling deposition characteristics in hyperhaline seawater[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4363-4369.

倪兵, 沈胜强, 李宜豪, 刘晓华, 李熠桥, 柳山林. 高盐海水中盐度对污垢沉积特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4363-4369.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Ion product at distinct salinity

Crystal	Salinity
Crystal	6%	8%	10%
CaSO₄	0.90×10^-3	1.66×10^-3	1.95×10^-3
CaCO₃	4.84×10^-5	7.91×10^-5	8.64×10^-5
Mg(OH)₂	1.11×10^-4	1.94×10^-4	2.48×10^-4

Table 2 Solubility product at distinct salinity

Crystal	Salinity
Crystal	6%	8%	10%
CaSO₄	1.16×10^-3	1.35×10^-3	1.52×10^-3
CaCO₃	0.26×10^-5	0.32×10^-5	0.36×10^-5
Mg(OH)₂	4.28×10^-11	4.08×10^-11	3.83×10^-11

Table 3 Surface energy parameters of different materials

材料	γ ^LW/(mJ?m^-2)	γ⁺/(mJ?m^-2)	γ ^-/(mJ?m^-2)
钛(Ti)	41.32	0.04	41.14
铜(Gu)	42.61	0.03	43.13
CaCO₃	29.67	0.65	30.79
CaSO₄	37.32	1.25	38.57
Mg(OH)₂	32.1	1.07	6.6

Fig.1 Experimental system of static condition

Fig.2 SEM images of copper tube surface

Fig.3 Mass increment of fouling per unit area as a function of time on copper tube surface

Fig.4 Relation curve between crystal barrier and crystal nucleus size[36]

Fig.5 SEM images of titanium tube surface

Fig.6 Mass increment of fouling per unit area as a function of time on titanium tube surface

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