Characteristics of flow, mixing and interfacial reaction in T-jet reactor

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210386

Abstract

Abstract:

The complex flow structure and interface reaction in the T-jet reactor under different Reynolds numbers (20<Re<420) were visualized by using planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) technology and phenolphthalein color reaction. With the increase of Re at inlet, separation flow, steady engulfment flow, unsteady engulfment flow and unsteady symmetric flow displayed successively in the reactor. In particularly, characteristics of the interfacial reaction in T-jet reactor at different flow modes were investigated. The mixing effect, product concentration distribution and time evolution were analyzed combined with the flow field structure. The influence of complex flow field on mixing and interfacial reaction was revealed. The results showed that the three-dimensional vortex structure of engulfment flow makes the fluid entrains with each other, and the layered fluid interface is formed by folding and stretching, which greatly increases the interface contact area of reactants, and improves the mixing and reaction degree significantly. And the product concentration is high and distributed uniformly.

Key words: T-jet reactor, planar laser induced fluorescence, flow, mixing, interfacial reaction

摘要：

利用平面激光诱导荧光（PLIF）技术和酚酞显色反应，对不同Reynolds数（20<Re<420）下T型反应器内的复杂流动结构及界面反应进行了可视化研究。随着入口Re的增加，反应器内依次出现分离流、稳态吞噬流、非稳态吞噬流及非稳态对称流等流动模式。重点考察了不同流动模式下T型反应器内的界面反应特征，结合流动模式对混合效果、产物浓度分布及时间演化进行了分析，揭示了反应器内复杂流场对混合及界面反应的影响机理。结果表明，吞噬流三维旋涡结构使流体相互卷吸缠绕，通过折叠拉伸形成层状的流体界面，极大增加了反应物的界面接触面积，混合及反应程度显著提升，产物浓度较高且分布均匀。

关键词: T型反应器, 平面激光诱导荧光, 流动, 混合, 界面反应

CLC Number:

TQ 021.1

Hang ZHANG,Wei ZHANG,Weifeng LI,Haifeng LIU,Fuchen WANG. Characteristics of flow, mixing and interfacial reaction in T-jet reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(10): 5064-5073.

张航,张巍,李伟锋,刘海峰,王辅臣. T型反应器内流动、混合及界面反应特征[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(10): 5064-5073.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experiment flow

Fig.2 Structural diagram of T-jet reactor

Fig.3 PLIF images and color reaction images at Re=20, 80, 120 and160

Fig. 4 Distribution of dye concentration on central line of section z/h=10 in PLIF images at Re=20, 80, 120 and 160

Fig.5 Images of normalized product concentration and distribution on different outlet sections at Re=20, 80, 120 and 160

Fig. 6 PLIF images and color reaction images in one oscillation period at Re=240

Fig.7 The time series of image correlation coefficient and FTT power frequency spectrums at Re=240

Fig. 8 Strouhal number in unsteady engulfment flow with Reynolds number

Fig.9 Images of PLIF and reaction in unsteady symmetric flow at Re=420

Fig.10 Intensity of segregation and relative concentration with Re on different outlet sections

References 30

1	郭庆华, 王亦飞, 陈雪莉, 等. 多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化技术进展及工程应用[J]. 氮肥与合成气, 2019, 47(1): 1-6, 11.
	Guo Q H, Wang Y F, Chen X L, et al. Progress and engineering application on opposed multi-burners coal-water slurry gasification technology [J]. Nitrogenous Fertilizer & Syngas, 2019, 47(1): 1-6, 11.
2	Zhang J, Liao J S, Deng D C, et al. Solvent extraction of uranium by laminar flow in microfluidic chips[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 709: 485-490.
3	Polyzoidis A, Altenburg T, Schwarzer M, et al. Continuous microreactor synthesis of ZIF-8 with high space-time-yield and tunable particle size[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 283: 971-977.
4	张建伟, 闫宇航, 沙新力, 等. 撞击流强化混合特性及用于制备超细粉体研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(3): 824-833.
	Zhang J W, Yan Y H, Sha X L, et al. Advances on impinging stream intensification mixing mechanism for preparing ultrafine powders[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(3): 824-833.
5	Zha L, Pu X, Shang M J, et al. A study on the micromixing performance in microreactors for polymer solutions[J]. AIChE Journal, 2018, 64(9): 3479-3490.
6	Shi H H, Nie K X, Dong B, et al. Mixing enhancement via a serpentine micromixer for real-time activation of carboxyl[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 392: 123642.
7	Kang G, Carlson D W, Kang T H, et al. Intracellular nanomaterial delivery via spiral hydroporation[J]. ACS Nano, 2020, 14(3): 3048-3058.
8	Engdahl N B, Benson D A, Bolster D. Predicting the enhancement of mixing-driven reactions in nonuniform flows using measures of flow topology[J]. Physical Review E, 2014, 90(5): 051001.
9	Hoffmann M, Schlüter M, Räbiger N. Experimental investigation of liquid-liquid mixing in T-shaped micro-mixers using μ-LIF and μ-PIV[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 61(9): 2968-2976.
10	Dreher S, Kockmann N, Woias P. Characterization of laminar transient flow regimes and mixing in T-shaped micromixers[J]. Heat Transfer Engineering, 2009, 30(1/2): 91-100.
11	Fani A, Camarri S, Salvetti M V. Unsteady asymmetric engulfment regime in a T-mixer[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2014, 26(7): 074101.
12	Thomas S, Ameel T, Guilkey J. Mixing kinematics of moderate Reynolds number flows in a T-channel[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2010, 22(1): 013601.
13	Zhang J W, Liu S F, Cheng C, et al. Investigation of three-dimensional flow regime and mixing characteristic in T-jet reactor[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 358: 1561-1573.
14	许鑫磊, 严嘉玮, 张巍, 等. T型反应器内非稳态吞噬流机理[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(12): 5073-5080.
	Xu X L, Yan J W, Zhang W, et al. Unsteady engulfment flow regime in T-jets reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(12): 5073-5080.
15	Commenge J M, Falk L. Villermaux-Dushman protocol for experimental characterization of micromixers[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2011, 50(10): 979-990.
16	Fonte C P, Fletcher D F, Guichardon P, et al. Simulation of micromixing in a T-mixer under laminar flow conditions[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2020, 222: 115706.
17	Fang W F, Yang J T. A novel microreactor with 3D rotating flow to boost fluid reaction and mixing of viscous fluids[J]. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2009, 140(2): 629-642.
18	Sivashankar S, Agambayev S, Mashraei Y, et al. A “twisted” microfluidic mixer suitable for a wide range of flow rate applications[J]. Biomicrofluidics, 2016, 10(3): 034120.
19	Shi Y X, Somashekar V, Fox R O, et al. Visualization of turbulent reactive mixing in a planar microscale confined impinging-jet reactor[J]. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 2011, 21(11): 115006.
20	Mariotti A, Antognoli M, Galletti C, et al. The role of flow features and chemical kinetics on the reaction yield in a T-shaped micro-reactor[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 396: 125223.
21	Lee S H, Kang P K. Three-dimensional vortex-induced reaction hot spots at flow intersections[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2020, 124(14): 144501.
22	Shi Z H, Li W F, Du K J, et al. Experimental study of mixing enhancement of viscous liquids in confined impinging jets reactor at low jet Reynolds numbers[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 138: 216-226.
23	Li W F, Wei Y, Tu G Y, et al. Experimental study about mixing characteristic and enhancement of T-jet reactor[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2016, 144: 116-125.
24	Dizechi M, Marschall E. Viscosity of some binary and ternary liquid mixtures[J]. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 1982, 27(3): 358-363.
25	吴性良, 孔继烈. 分析化学原理[M].北京: 化学工业出版社, 2010: 65-66.
	Wu X L, Kong J L. Principles of Analytical Chemistry [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2010: 65-66.
26	Chance B. Fast reactions in solution[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1964, 86(20): 4513-4514.
27	Takano Y, Kikkawa S, Suzuki T, et al. Coloring rate of phenolphthalein by reaction with alkaline solution observed by liquid-droplet collision[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2015, 119(23): 7062-7067.
28	Nivedita N, Ligrani P, Papautsky I. Dean flow dynamics in low-aspect ratio spiral microchannels[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7: 44072.
29	Liu Z W, Guo L, Huang T H, et al. Experimental and CFD studies on the intensified micromixing performance of micro-impinging stream reactors built from commercial T-junctions[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2014, 119: 124-133.
30	Danckwerts P V. The definition and measurement of some characteristics of mixtures[J]. Applied Scientific Research, Section A, 1952, 3(4): 279-296.

[1]	Shaohua ZHOU, Feilong ZHAN, Guoliang DING, Hao ZHANG, Yanpo SHAO, Yantao LIU, Zheming GAO. Experimental study of flow noise in short tube throttle valve and noise reduction measures [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 113-121.
[2]	Yifei ZHANG, Fangchen LIU, Shuangxing ZHANG, Wenjing DU. Performance analysis of printed circuit heat exchanger for supercritical carbon dioxide [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 183-190.
[3]	He JIANG, Junfei YUAN, Lin WANG, Guyu XING. Experimental study on the effect of flow sharing cavity structure on phase change flow characteristics in microchannels [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 235-244.
[4]	Chao HU, Yuming DONG, Wei ZHANG, Hongling ZHANG, Peng ZHOU, Hongbin XU. Preparation of high-concentration positive electrolyte of vanadium redox flow battery by activating vanadium pentoxide with highly concentrated sulfuric acid [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 338-345.
[5]	Mingkun XIAO, Guang YANG, Yonghua HUANG, Jingyi WU. Numerical study on bubble dynamics of liquid oxygen at a submerged orifice [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 87-95.
[6]	Ruitao SONG, Pai WANG, Yunpeng WANG, Minxia LI, Chaobin DANG, Zhenguo CHEN, Huan TONG, Jiaqi ZHOU. Numerical simulation of flow boiling heat transfer in pipe arrays of carbon dioxide direct evaporation ice field [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 96-103.
[7]	Kaijie WEN, Li GUO, Zhaojie XIA, Jianhua CHEN. A rapid simulation method of gas-solid flow by coupling CFD and deep learning [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3775-3785.
[8]	Yubing WANG, Jie LI, Hongbo ZHAN, Guangya ZHU, Dalin ZHANG. Experimental study on flow boiling heat transfer of R134a in mini channel with diamond pin fin array [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3797-3806.
[9]	Song HE, Qiaomai LIU, Guangshuo XIE, Simin WANG, Juan XIAO. Two-phase flow simulation and surrogate-assisted optimization of gas film drag reduction in high-concentration coal-water slurry pipeline [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3766-3774.
[10]	Yaxin ZHAO, Xueqin ZHANG, Rongzhu WANG, Guo SUN, Shanjing YAO, Dongqiang LIN. Removal of monoclonal antibody aggregates with ion exchange chromatography by flow-through mode [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3879-3887.
[11]	Jiaqi YUAN, Zheng LIU, Rui HUANG, Lefu ZHANG, Denghui HE. Investigation on energy conversion characteristics of vortex pump under bubble inflow [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3807-3820.
[12]	Yue YANG, Dan ZHANG, Jugan ZHENG, Maoping TU, Qingzhong YANG. Experimental study on flash and mixing evaporation of aqueous NaCl solution [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3279-3291.
[13]	Yan GAO, Peng WU, Chao SHANG, Zejun HU, Xiaodong CHEN. Preparation of magnetic agarose microspheres based on a two-fluid nozzle and their protein adsorption properties [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3457-3471.
[14]	Lei XING, Chunyu MIAO, Minghu JIANG, Lixin ZHAO, Xinya LI. Optimal design and performance analysis of downhole micro gas-liquid hydrocyclone [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3394-3406.
[15]	Erqi WANG, Shuzhou PENG, Zhen YANG, Yuanyuan DUAN. Evaluation of vapor-liquid equilibrium models for mixtures containing HFOs [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3216-3225.