Application progress of finite element method numerical simulation in the design of high-performance lithium secondary batteries

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241152

Abstract

Abstract:

Lithium secondary batteries (LSBs) have attracted attention due to their low cost, high voltage platform and environmentally friendly nature. As application scenarios become more complex, the demands on the capacity, durability and safety of LSBs are increasing. To develop LSBs with higher performance and greater adaptability to different scenarios, it's essential to elucidate the relationship between material structure and battery performance under complex operating conditions, and to predict battery performance under different operating conditions. Finite element method (FEM) numerical simulation is an effective method to establish a numerical model of the battery by using physical fields such as electric field, temperature field and displacement field to describe the mass transfer, heat transfer and interfacial reaction process within the battery. FEM numerical simulation can reveal the intrinsic relationship between material structure and battery performance under different operating conditions, providing theoretical and technical support for the design and development of high-performance lithium batteries. This paper first introduces the algorithm basis, research scope and development history of FEM numerical simulation in battery system from the perspective of multi-physical field coupling, summarizes the research progress of FEM numerical simulation in the design of high-performance lithium secondary batteries, and looks forward to the future development direction and its application prospects in energy storage devices.

Key words: electrochemistry, numerical simulation, finite element method, lithium secondary battery

摘要：

锂二次电池凭借成本低、电压平台高和环境友好等优点备受关注，日益复杂的应用场景对锂二次电池的容量、耐候性以及安全性等提出了更高的要求。阐明复杂工况下材料结构与电池性能之间的“构-效”关系并预测不同服役工况下的电池性能，对开发出性能更高和适应场景更宽的锂二次电池至关重要。有限元（FEM）数值模拟是基于电场、温度场和力学场等物理场耦合建立电池数值模型，描述电池内部的物质传递、热量传递及界面反应过程的有效方法，能够揭示不同服役工况下材料结构与电池性能的内在规律关系，为高性能锂二次电池设计和开发提供了理论和技术支撑。本文从多物理场耦合方面介绍了电池体系中FEM数值模拟的算法基础、研究范畴和发展历程，综述了FEM数值模拟在高性能锂二次电池设计中的研究进展，展望了未来发展方向及其在储能器件中的应用前景。

关键词: 电化学, 数值模拟, 有限元, 锂二次电池

CLC Number:

TM 911

Shuo LIU, Xuedan SONG, Quanhao NIE, Qiang ZHANG, Yi YANG, Chang YU, Jieshan QIU. Application progress of finite element method numerical simulation in the design of high-performance lithium secondary batteries[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(11): 3896-3910.

刘朔, 宋雪旦, 聂全灏, 张强, 杨艺, 于畅, 邱介山. 有限元数值模拟在高性能锂二次电池设计中的应用进展[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(11): 3896-3910.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Applications of FEM numerical simulation to the design of high-performance lithium secondary batteries

Fig.2 Development of FEM numerical simulation in battery systems

Fig.3 (a) 3D microstructure-resolved model; (b) Oxygen flow rates in carbon paper with different fiber densities

Fig.4 (a) Current density distribution on the surface of nanofibers and copper foils; (b) Growth process of lithium dendrites in PANI&MF materials; (c) Current density distribution on the surface of lithium anode with different morphologies; (d) Lithium deposition process with/without lithium-rich antiperovskites (LiRAP) membrane

Fig.5 (a) Temperature distribution of the cell during electrode welding; (b) Variation of lithium deposition region diameter with magnetic flux; (c) Position of pinning for soft pack batteries; (d) Capacity loss of batteries at various current; (e) Anode potential over time; (f) Temperature distribution in the battery pack

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