陶瓷膜冷凝器用于烟气脱白烟过程的中试研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20181500

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (6): 2192-2201.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20181500

陶瓷膜冷凝器用于烟气脱白烟过程的中试研究

曹语¹(),王乐²,季超¹,黄延召³,薛志磊⁴,陆剑鸣⁴,漆虹¹()

1. 南京工业大学膜科学技术研究所，材料化学工程国家重点实验室，江苏南京 210009
2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部，北京 100728
3. 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司洛阳技术研发中心，河南洛阳 471003
4. 南京圣卡孚科技有限公司，江苏南京 210032

收稿日期:2018-12-21 修回日期:2019-04-01 出版日期:2019-06-05 发布日期:2019-06-05
通讯作者: 漆虹
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">曹语</named-content>（1994—），男，硕士研究生，<email>614033268@qq.com</email>
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(21490581);中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(317008-6)

Pilot-scale application on dissipation of smoke plume from flue gas using ceramic membrane condensers

Yu CAO¹(),Le WANG²,Chao JI¹,Yanzhao HUANG³,Zhilei XUE⁴,Jianming LU⁴,Hong QI¹()

1. Membrane Science and Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
2. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Technology Department, Beijing 100728, China
3. Luoyang R&D Center of Technology Sinopec Engineering (Group) Co. , Ltd. , Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
4. Nanjing Saint Recovery Technology Co. , Ltd. , Nanjing 210032, Jiangsu, China

Received:2018-12-21 Revised:2019-04-01 Online:2019-06-05 Published:2019-06-05
Contact: Hong QI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将平均孔径5、20和50 nm的管式陶瓷外膜制成膜冷凝器，并搭建膜面积0.3 m²的膜冷凝中试实验装置，开展陶瓷膜冷凝器在烟气水、余热资源回收及脱白烟领域的中试研究。对比采用不同排布方式的两级陶瓷膜冷凝器的水、热回收效果，考察进气相对湿度、进气温度、进气线速度等操作条件和不同孔径陶瓷膜的排布方式对膜冷凝器水通量及水回收率的影响。研究表明，在两级膜冷凝器中，烟气、冷却水均为串联流动时，可得到更高的水、热通量及回收率。过程水通量随进气相对湿度、进气温度、进气线速度的增加而增加；水回收率随进气相对湿度、进气温度的增加而增加，随着进气线速度的增加而降低。在三级膜冷凝器中，采用每级均填充平均孔径50 nm的管式陶瓷外膜的排布方式时，可获得最佳的水、热回收效果；不同孔径陶瓷膜的排布方式对膜冷凝器水回收效果影响明显，对热回收效果影响不大。在各实验工况下，三级膜冷凝器水通量及水回收率最高分别可达38.5 kg·m^–2·h^–1和50.6%。与传统换热器相比，陶瓷膜冷凝器不仅可实现水、余热的同时回收，且其总传热系数为415 W·m^–2·℃^–1，换热效果更佳，并能明显缓解“白色烟羽”等视觉污染。基于陶瓷膜的膜冷凝技术在中试实验阶段展现出良好的回收效果，在资源回收及脱白烟过程有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 陶瓷膜, 烟气脱湿, 余热回收, 烟羽, 中试

Abstract:

The tubular ceramic outer membrane with average pore diameters of 5, 20 and 50 nm was made into a membrane condenser, and a membrane condensation pilot test device with a membrane area of 0.3 m² was set up to carry out the recovery of water and waste heat resource from flue gas using ceramic membrane condensers. The recovery performance of two-stage membrane condensers with different installation types was investigated. The effects of relative humidity of inlet gas, inlet gas temperature, inlet gas velocity and average pore size of membranes on mass and heat transfer performances were systematically studied. The results showed that the higher flux and recovery ratio can be achieved when the gas and water flowed within the membrane condenser in a tandem way. The water flux increased with the increasing of relative humidity, temperature and velocity of the inlet gas. The water recovery ratio can be enhanced by increasing relative humidity, temperature of the inlet gas and decreasing gas velocity. In addition, a three-stage condenser installed with 50 nm pore-sized ceramic membranes displayed a better water and heat recovery performances. The average pore size of ceramic membranes had remarkable impact on the mass transfer process rather than the heat transfer process. In this work, the highest water flux and recovery ratio of three-stage membrane condensers were 38.5 kg·m^–2·h^–1 and 50.6%, respectively. Compared with conventional heat exchangers, ceramic membrane condensers can recover water and heat simultaneously, during which the overall heat transfer coefficient could reach as high as 415 W·m^–2·℃^–1. The ceramic membrane condensers can not only effectively relieve the visible pollution known as “smoke plume”, but also have great potential applications in the resources recycling and environmental protection.

Key words: ceramic membranes, flue gas dehumidification, waste heat recovery, smoke plume, pilot-scale

中图分类号:

TQ 174.9

曹语, 王乐, 季超, 黄延召, 薛志磊, 陆剑鸣, 漆虹. 陶瓷膜冷凝器用于烟气脱白烟过程的中试研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(6): 2192-2201.

Yu CAO, Le WANG, Chao JI, Yanzhao HUANG, Zhilei XUE, Jianming LU, Hong QI. Pilot-scale application on dissipation of smoke plume from flue gas using ceramic membrane condensers[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(6): 2192-2201.

图/表 12

图1 两级陶瓷膜冷凝器排布方式

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of installation types of two-stage membrane condensers

图2 三级膜冷凝器流程

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of three-stage membrane condenser

表1 单根管式陶瓷膜的规格参数

Table1 Parameters of tubular ceramic membrane

Parameter	Value
membrane average pore size/nm	5, 20, 50
membrane outer/inner diameter/mm	12.5/8
effective length of membrane/mm	500
effective area of membrane/m²	0.0196

图3 中试实验装置示意图(a)及实物照片(b)

Fig.3 Schematic diagram and photo of pilot-scale apparatus

表2 中试装置参数范围表

Table2 Parameter ranges of pilot-scale apparatus

Parameter	Range
effective area of membrane/m²	0.2~0.3
inlet gas velocity/(m·s^–1)	2.5~7.5
inlet gas temperature/℃	50~65
relative humidity of inlet gas/%	47~100

图4 四种构型的膜冷凝器水热回收效果对比

Fig.4 Comparison of water and heat recovery performances from different membrane condenser configurations

图5 进气相对湿度对过程水通量及水回收率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of relative humidity of inlet gas on water flux and water recovery

图6 进气温度对过程水通量及水回收率的影响

Fig.6 Effect of inlet gas temperature on water flux and water recovery

表3 不同孔径陶瓷膜在三级膜冷凝器中的排布方式

Table 3 Installation types of ceramic membranes within three-stage membrane condensers

Installation type	Average pore size of ceramic membranes installed in first stage/nm	Average pore size of ceramic membranes installed in second stage/nm	Average pore size of ceramic membranes installed in third stage/nm
installation 1	5	5	5
installation 2	20	20	20
installation 3	50	50	50
installation 4	50	50	5

图7 不同孔径陶瓷膜的排布方式对水热回收效果的影响

Fig.7 Effect of installation type of ceramic membranes on water and heat recovery performances

图8 膜冷凝器除湿视觉效果图

Fig.8 Visual effect of simulated smoke discharged before and after treated with membrane condensers

表4 不同材质列管式换热器总传热系数表

Table 4 Heat transfer coefficients of shell-and-tube condensers with different materials

Materials

Hot fluid

Cold fluid

Heat transfer

coefficient/

(W·m^–2·℃^–1)

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陶瓷膜冷凝器用于烟气脱白烟过程的中试研究

Pilot-scale application on dissipation of smoke plume from flue gas using ceramic membrane condensers

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