金属丝网毛细特性的孔隙尺度数值分析

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230238

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

金属丝网多孔材料由于其孔隙可控、高比表面积、高强度和价格低廉的特点，在过滤、催化、高效换热以及防爆领域引起广泛关注。为表征其毛细特性，测量了四种不同规格的铜丝网几何尺寸，并建立了平纹方形编织金属丝网的单元孔隙结构模型。分析了丝径、孔径对孔隙率、比表面积、渗透率的影响。研究发现：Kozeny-Carman公式可以较好预测低流速(小于0.01 m/s)下的金属丝网渗透率关系，其中几何因子与丝网网径成对数关系。流速大于0.01 m/s时，惯性效应的影响不能忽略，通过Forchheimer公式得到Darcy渗透系数和非Darcy渗透系数，并根据类Kozeny模型修正了渗透系数与孔隙率和丝径的关系。研究得到了平纹编织丝网几何结构与毛细特性的拟合关系，为吸液蒸发用金属丝网提供了设计依据。

关键词: 金属丝网, 多孔介质, 孔隙尺度, 渗透率, 毛细特性, 层流

Abstract:

Metallic woven meshes have received considerable attention in several engineering applications as filtration, catalysis, heat transfer enhancement and explosion suppression owing to their merits of controllable pore structure, high specific surface area, high mechanical strength and low price. In order to characterize their capillary performance, firstly, the detailed geometrical dimensions of four kinds of square-shaped plain weave wire screen with different mesh numbers were measured. Then a numerical model was developed to evaluate the fluid dynamics of a porous woven mesh at the pore scale. Finally, based on the pore scale numerical results, the effects of wire diameter and mesh number on porosity, specific surface area and permeability were analyzed. The study found that the Kozeny-Carman formula can better predict the permeability relationship of wire mesh at low flow rates (less than 0.01 m/s), and the geometric factor has a logarithmic relationship with the mesh diameter. While at high flow rates (larger than 0.01 m/s), the flow regime transition from Darcy to Forchheimer, the inertial contribution can not be neglected. The Darcy and non-Darcy permeability coefficient can be obtained by Forchheimer correlation, and the relationship between permeability and porosity and wire diameter is modified according to Kozeny-like model. The obtained fitting formulae between geometric structure and capillary performance of plain woven wire mesh provide a design guideline for the metallic woven mesh used for wicking and transpiration cooling.

Key words: metallic woven mesh, porous media, pore scale, permeability, wicking performance, laminar flow

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

贾晓宇, 杨剑, 王博, 林梅, 王秋旺. 金属丝网毛细特性的孔隙尺度数值分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1928-1938.

Xiaoyu JIA, Jian YANG, Bo WANG, Mei LIN, Qiuwang WANG. Pore scale numerical simulations for wicking performance of metallic woven mesh[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(5): 1928-1938.

图/表 13

图1 平纹方形编织网结构

Fig.1 Square-shaped plain weave wire screen

图2 不同规格平纹方形编织铜网结构表征

Fig.2 Structure characterization of plain square copper mesh with different size

表1 不同规格丝网几何参数和孔隙特征

Table 1 Geometric parameters and pore characteristics of woven mesh with different mesh numbers

孔隙参数	Ⅰ型	Ⅱ型	Ⅲ型	Ⅳ型
丝径d /μm	67.0	50.4	38.8	38.0
网孔径L /μm	304	177	109	77.0
计算孔隙率ε	0.855	0.820	0.784	0.722
实验孔隙率ε	0.801	0.772	0.749	0.727
计算比表面积α/μm^-1	0.00866	0.0143	0.0223	0.0293
计算开口面积比β	0.671	0.606	0.543	0.448
水力孔径d_p/μm	73.5	50.9	35.7	29.7

图3 丝网孔隙尺度的单元结构数值模型

Fig.3 Numerical model for cell structure of woven mesh in pore scale

图4 经线和纬线交错处接触形式

Fig.4 Form of contact between warp and weft

表2 不同接触形式的孔隙参数和流动特性

Table 2 Pore parameters and flow characteristics of different contact forms

接触形式	网格	孔隙率ε	比表面积α/μm^-1	单位压降/(Pa/m)	出口速度/(m/s)	渗透率/(10^-11m²)
间隙型	268821	0.728	0.0287	130763	0.00860	6.58
	739181			131355	0.00860	6.55
	3296537			131671	0.00859	6.53
接触型	364729	0.725	0.0289	134175	0.00859	6.40
	864167			134611	0.00859	6.38
	1722949			134771	0.00858	6.37
重叠型	422303	0.723	0.0289	137610	0.00858	6.23
	988937			141090	0.00858	6.08
	3574513			144686	0.00857	5.93

图5 Darcy流宏观模型压降计算

Fig.5 Pressure drop calculation of Darcy flow macro model

图6 不同规格丝网单元内的流动特性

Fig.6 Flow characteristics of mesh cells with different size

图7 不同规格丝网Δp/ul随速度的变化

Fig.7 Variations of Δp/ul with velocity in mesh cells with different size

表3 不同规格丝网孔隙参数及渗透率

Table 3 Pore parameters and permeability of woven mesh with different size

规格	丝径d/μm	网径L/μm	孔隙率ε	比表面积α/μm^-1	渗透率K/(10^-10m²)	Darcy渗透率K₁/(10^-10m²)	非Darcy渗透率K₂/(10^-5 m)
Ⅳ型	38.0	77.0	0.728	0.0288	0.654	8.16	3.56
Ⅲ型	38.8	109	0.788	0.0219	1.16	1.38	6.06
Ⅱ型	50.4	172	0.820	0.0143	2.63	3.07	10.8
Ⅰ型	67.1	304	0.857	0.00854	6.88	7.82	21.7

图8 无量纲压降ψ随渗透Reynolds数ReK 的变化

Fig.8 Variations of dimensionless pressure drop ψ with permeation Reynolds number ReK

表4 验证用丝网结构及孔隙参数

Table 4 Mesh structure and pore parameters for verification

项目	丝径d/μm	网径L/μm	孔隙率ε	比表面积α/μm^-1	单位压降/ (Pa/m)	出口流速/ (m/s)	渗透率/ (10^-10m²)	渗透Reynolds数Re_K	几何因子N
验证1	30.0	50.0	0.685	0.0421	406856	0.0114	0.281	0.0726	100
验证2	38.0	50.0	0.625	0.0395	416005	0.0108	0.258	0.0696	100

图9 丝网渗透率预测

Fig.9 Woven mesh permeability prediction

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