化工学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (7): 2644-2655.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240026
姚宏哲1(), 黄飞宇1, 杨松1, 钟梅1, 代正华1,2(
)
收稿日期:
2024-01-05
修回日期:
2024-03-05
出版日期:
2024-07-25
发布日期:
2024-08-09
通讯作者:
代正华
作者简介:
姚宏哲(1998—),男,硕士研究生,1693982164@qq.com
基金资助:
Hongzhe YAO1(), Feiyu HUANG1, Song YANG1, Mei ZHONG1, Zhenghua DAI1,2(
)
Received:
2024-01-05
Revised:
2024-03-05
Online:
2024-07-25
Published:
2024-08-09
Contact:
Zhenghua DAI
摘要:
重质油高温快速热解过程模型对提高产品收率、附加值及降低能耗具有重要意义。利用自动反应网络生成器RMG(reaction mechanism generator)构建重质油高温快速热解的机理模型。选择了分步构建方法,最终合并的模型包含230种物质和1468个反应。采用高频炉对二十烷、十氢萘、乙苯和不同质量比例混合物(二十烷、乙苯和十氢萘)进行快速热解实验验证,结果表明:机理模型可准确模拟出重质油高温快速热解主要气体产物生成结果,当重质油中链烷烃含量较多时和芳烃含量较多时,分别控制温度在1300℃左右和800℃左右有利于乙烯的生产。
中图分类号:
姚宏哲, 黄飞宇, 杨松, 钟梅, 代正华. 重质油高温快速热解自动反应网络的动力学建模[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(7): 2644-2655.
Hongzhe YAO, Feiyu HUANG, Song YANG, Mei ZHONG, Zhenghua DAI. Kinetic modeling of the high-temperature rapid pyrolysis auto-reaction network of heavy oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(7): 2644-2655.
数据库 | 二十烷 | 十氢萘 | 乙苯 |
---|---|---|---|
热力学库 | ‘primaryThermoLibrary’ | ‘DFT_QCI_thermo’ | ‘primaryThermoLibrary’ |
反应库 | — | — | ‘AromaticsPyrolysis’ |
动力学库 | ‘H_Abstraction’、‘R_Addition_MultipleBond’、‘R_Recombination’、‘Disproportionation’、‘Intra_R_Add_Exocyclic’、‘Intra_R_Add_Endocyclic’ |
表 1 模型化合物数据库的选择
Table 1 Selection of model compound database
数据库 | 二十烷 | 十氢萘 | 乙苯 |
---|---|---|---|
热力学库 | ‘primaryThermoLibrary’ | ‘DFT_QCI_thermo’ | ‘primaryThermoLibrary’ |
反应库 | — | — | ‘AromaticsPyrolysis’ |
动力学库 | ‘H_Abstraction’、‘R_Addition_MultipleBond’、‘R_Recombination’、‘Disproportionation’、‘Intra_R_Add_Exocyclic’、‘Intra_R_Add_Endocyclic’ |
进料 | 进料速度/(ml/min) | 载气流量/(ml/min) | 温度/℃ | 进料时间/s |
---|---|---|---|---|
二十烷 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
十氢萘 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
乙苯 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
二十烷∶十氢萘∶乙苯(1∶1∶1) | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
二十烷∶十氢萘∶乙苯(1∶3∶6) | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
表 2 模型化合物高温快速热解的工况条件
Table 2 Operating conditions for rapid high-temperature pyrolysis of model compounds
进料 | 进料速度/(ml/min) | 载气流量/(ml/min) | 温度/℃ | 进料时间/s |
---|---|---|---|---|
二十烷 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
十氢萘 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
乙苯 | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
二十烷∶十氢萘∶乙苯(1∶1∶1) | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
二十烷∶十氢萘∶乙苯(1∶3∶6) | 2 | 400 | 600~1000 | 600 |
项目 | 二十烷 | 十氢萘 | 乙苯 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
机制合并 | 物质 | 230 | 反应 | 1468 | |
用户指定容差 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
(DD∶HH∶MM∶SS) 执行时间 | 00∶00∶07∶31 | 00∶21∶51∶12 | 05∶05∶20∶56 | ||
核心物质 | 64 | 83 | 122 | ||
核心反应 | 477 | 545 | 477 | ||
边缘物质 | 839 | 7980 | 5900 | ||
边缘反应 | 5449 | 19063 | 9014 |
表 3 反应机理生成器模拟结果
Table 3 Simulation results of the mechanism of the reaction
项目 | 二十烷 | 十氢萘 | 乙苯 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
机制合并 | 物质 | 230 | 反应 | 1468 | |
用户指定容差 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
(DD∶HH∶MM∶SS) 执行时间 | 00∶00∶07∶31 | 00∶21∶51∶12 | 05∶05∶20∶56 | ||
核心物质 | 64 | 83 | 122 | ||
核心反应 | 477 | 545 | 477 | ||
边缘物质 | 839 | 7980 | 5900 | ||
边缘反应 | 5449 | 19063 | 9014 |
图 5 二十烷-十氢萘-乙苯不同质量比混合热解转化率及主要气体摩尔分数
Fig.5 Mixed pyrolysis conversion ratio and molar fraction of main gas of eicosane, decahydronaphthalene and ethylbenzene with different mass ratios
图 6 二十烷、十氢萘、乙苯以1∶3∶6比例混合热解生成主要气体的反应路径分析
Fig.6 Reaction pathway analysis of the main gas generated by the pyrolysis of a mixture of eicosane, decahydronaphthalene, and ethylbenzene in a ratio of 1∶3∶6
序号 | 主要基元反应 | 动力学参数 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
指前因子 | 温度指数 | 活化能/(kJ/mol) | ||
1 | H(2)+CH4(5) | 4.10×103 | 3.16 | 8.76 |
2 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 1.36×108 | 1.64 | 1.86 |
3 | H(2)+C2H4(7) | 2.40×102 | 3.62 | 11.27 |
4 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 9.52×10-1 | 4.34 | 2.00 |
5 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
6 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
7 | H(2)+C8H10(1) | 1.60×1013 | 0 | 8.17 |
8 | H(2)+C6H6(29) | 4.57×108 | 1.88 | 14.84 |
9 | H(2)+C10H16(124) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
10 | H(2)+C7H8(23) | 7.54×104 | 2.57 | 3.15 |
11 | H(2)+C7H8(22) | 8.94×10-1 | 4.34 | -0.40 |
12 | H(2)+C8H8(27) | 2.81×105 | 2.41 | 8.84 |
13 | H(2)+C10H16(126) | 1.46×108 | 1.64 | 1.37 |
14 | CH3(4)+C7H7(9) | 6.75×1016 | -1.29 | 0 |
15 | H(2)+C10H16(126) | 1.46×108 | 1.64 | 1.37 |
16 | C2H4(7)+C2H5(6) | 4.24×103 | 2.41 | 5.06 |
17 | H(2)+C2H3(8)(M) | 3.90×1013 | 0.20 | 0 |
18 | H(2)+C4H8(222) | 3.01×108 | 1.60 | 2.40 |
19 | H(2)+C2H4(7)(M) | 1.40×109 | 1.46 | 1.36 |
20 | C5H10(195) | 8.70×1011 | 0 | 55.69 |
21 | CH3(4)+C3H6(213) | 7.20×10-2 | 4.25 | 7.53 |
22 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 3.21×107 | 1.82 | 14.16 |
23 | CH3(4)+C2H4(7) | 6.00×107 | 1.56 | 16.63 |
24 | CH3(4)+C8H10(1) | 6.00×1012 | 0 | 12.62 |
25 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 3.21×107 | 1.82 | 14.16 |
26 | CH3(4)+C7H8(23) | 1.07×106 | 2.27 | 4.39 |
27 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
28 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
29 | CH3(4)+C6H6(29) | 5.15×103 | 2.90 | 15.31 |
30 | CH3(4)+C8H7(32) | 8.20×106 | 1.88 | -1.12 |
31 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 9.80×10-2 | 4.01 | 12.90 |
32 | CH3(4)+C10H16(124) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
33 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 2.26×10-2 | 4.34 | 7.69 |
34 | C7H7(9) | 9.78×109 | 0.58 | 28.56 |
35 | C4H6(133)+C6H10(132) | 1.71×104 | 1.53 | 23.41 |
36 | H(2)+C10H16(125) | 7.72×107 | 1.64 | 2.17 |
37 | H(2)+C8H8(27) | 6.00×107 | 1.64 | 1.55 |
38 | H(2)+allyl(224) | 5.84×1013 | 0.18 | 0.12 |
39 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 3.36×103 | 3.14 | 4.29 |
40 | CH3(4)+C3H6(213) | 2.10×104 | 2.41 | 5.32 |
41 | C2H5(6)+allyl(224) | 1.37×1014 | -0.35 | -0.13 |
42 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 1.84×109 | 1.55 | 1.57 |
43 | C3H6(213)+npropyl(172) | 2.13×103 | 2.41 | 4.75 |
44 | C7H8(22)+C8H7(31) | 2.90×10-2 | 4.34 | -5.60 |
45 | C2H4(7)+C8H12(130) | 2.64×1011 | 0 | 29.61 |
46 | C2H4(7)+C4H6(133) | 1.00×1010 | 0 | 20.00 |
47 | C2H3(8)+C8H8(27) | 3.91×10-3 | 4.50 | 3.67 |
48 | C2H3(8)+C8H10(1) | 5.56×10-3 | 4.34 | 0.20 |
49 | C2H4(7)+npropyl(172) | 4.24×103 | 2.41 | 5.06 |
50 | C2H4(7)+C8H7(31) | 2.20×10-2 | 4.40 | 4.75 |
51 | C2H4(7)+C8H7(33) | 2.20×10-2 | 4.40 | 4.75 |
52 | H(2)+CH3(4)(M) | 2.10×1014 | 0 | 0 |
53 | H(2)+C8H9(12) | 9.17×1013 | 0.12 | 0 |
54 | C8H9(12)+C8H11(16) | 8.43×1011 | 0 | 0 |
55 | CH3(4)+C8H11(16) | 3.38×1011 | -0.18 | -0.01 |
56 | H(2)+C8H10(1) | 8.76×107 | 1.71 | 6.09 |
57 | 2CH3(4) | 5.40×1013 | 0 | 16.06 |
58 | CH3(4)+C2H5(6) | 9.00×1011 | 0 | 0 |
59 | C2H5(6)+C8H9(12) | 6.90×1013 | -0.35 | 0 |
60 | 2H(2)+H2(3) | 1.00×1017 | -0.60 | 0 |
61 | 2H(2)(M) | 7.00×1017 | -1.00 | 0 |
62 | H(2)+C8H11(16) | 1.00×1010 | 0 | 0 |
63 | H(2)+C2H5(6) | 1.08×1013 | 0 | 0 |
64 | C2H3(8)+C8H11(16) | 8.43×1011 | 0 | 0 |
65 | C2H3(8)+C8H10(1) | 5.40×10-4 | 4.55 | 3.50 |
66 | C2H3(8)+C2H5(6) | 4.56×1014 | -0.70 | 0 |
67 | H(2)+C10H17(122) | 1.95×1012 | 0.35 | 0 |
68 | H(2)+C10H17(123) | 1.58×1013 | -0.22 | 0 |
69 | C10H17(122) | 6.76×109 | 0.88 | 38.00 |
70 | C10H17(122) | 2.84×107 | 1.625 | 35.45 |
71 | C10H17(122) | 2.28×10-3 | 3.95 | 11.17 |
72 | C10H17(122) | 5.64×10-2 | 3.28 | 5.91 |
73 | C10H17(122) | 6.76×109 | 0.88 | 38.00 |
74 | C10H17(122)+C10H18(120) | 1.03×10-2 | 4.29 | 7.71 |
75 | C2H5(6)+C10H17(123) | 6.33×1014 | -0.70 | 0 |
76 | npropyl(172)+C17H35(171) | 3.19×1016 | -1.18 | 0 |
77 | CH3(4)+C2H4(7) | 4.18×104 | 2.41 | 5.63 |
78 | CH3(4)+npropyl(172) | 2.30×1013 | -0.32 | 0 |
79 | H(2)+npropyl(172) | 3.62×1012 | 0 | 0 |
80 | allyl(224)+npropyl(172) | 5.80×1012 | 0 | -0.13 |
表 4 主要基元反应动力学参数
Table 4 Translation of the main elementary reaction kinetic parameters
序号 | 主要基元反应 | 动力学参数 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
指前因子 | 温度指数 | 活化能/(kJ/mol) | ||
1 | H(2)+CH4(5) | 4.10×103 | 3.16 | 8.76 |
2 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 1.36×108 | 1.64 | 1.86 |
3 | H(2)+C2H4(7) | 2.40×102 | 3.62 | 11.27 |
4 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 9.52×10-1 | 4.34 | 2.00 |
5 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
6 | H(2)+C10H18(120) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
7 | H(2)+C8H10(1) | 1.60×1013 | 0 | 8.17 |
8 | H(2)+C6H6(29) | 4.57×108 | 1.88 | 14.84 |
9 | H(2)+C10H16(124) | 2.55×102 | 3.68 | 4.70 |
10 | H(2)+C7H8(23) | 7.54×104 | 2.57 | 3.15 |
11 | H(2)+C7H8(22) | 8.94×10-1 | 4.34 | -0.40 |
12 | H(2)+C8H8(27) | 2.81×105 | 2.41 | 8.84 |
13 | H(2)+C10H16(126) | 1.46×108 | 1.64 | 1.37 |
14 | CH3(4)+C7H7(9) | 6.75×1016 | -1.29 | 0 |
15 | H(2)+C10H16(126) | 1.46×108 | 1.64 | 1.37 |
16 | C2H4(7)+C2H5(6) | 4.24×103 | 2.41 | 5.06 |
17 | H(2)+C2H3(8)(M) | 3.90×1013 | 0.20 | 0 |
18 | H(2)+C4H8(222) | 3.01×108 | 1.60 | 2.40 |
19 | H(2)+C2H4(7)(M) | 1.40×109 | 1.46 | 1.36 |
20 | C5H10(195) | 8.70×1011 | 0 | 55.69 |
21 | CH3(4)+C3H6(213) | 7.20×10-2 | 4.25 | 7.53 |
22 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 3.21×107 | 1.82 | 14.16 |
23 | CH3(4)+C2H4(7) | 6.00×107 | 1.56 | 16.63 |
24 | CH3(4)+C8H10(1) | 6.00×1012 | 0 | 12.62 |
25 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 3.21×107 | 1.82 | 14.16 |
26 | CH3(4)+C7H8(23) | 1.07×106 | 2.27 | 4.39 |
27 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
28 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
29 | CH3(4)+C6H6(29) | 5.15×103 | 2.90 | 15.31 |
30 | CH3(4)+C8H7(32) | 8.20×106 | 1.88 | -1.12 |
31 | CH3(4)+C8H8(27) | 9.80×10-2 | 4.01 | 12.90 |
32 | CH3(4)+C10H16(124) | 6.42×10-2 | 4.34 | 6.61 |
33 | CH3(4)+C10H18(120) | 2.26×10-2 | 4.34 | 7.69 |
34 | C7H7(9) | 9.78×109 | 0.58 | 28.56 |
35 | C4H6(133)+C6H10(132) | 1.71×104 | 1.53 | 23.41 |
36 | H(2)+C10H16(125) | 7.72×107 | 1.64 | 2.17 |
37 | H(2)+C8H8(27) | 6.00×107 | 1.64 | 1.55 |
38 | H(2)+allyl(224) | 5.84×1013 | 0.18 | 0.12 |
39 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 3.36×103 | 3.14 | 4.29 |
40 | CH3(4)+C3H6(213) | 2.10×104 | 2.41 | 5.32 |
41 | C2H5(6)+allyl(224) | 1.37×1014 | -0.35 | -0.13 |
42 | H(2)+C3H6(213) | 1.84×109 | 1.55 | 1.57 |
43 | C3H6(213)+npropyl(172) | 2.13×103 | 2.41 | 4.75 |
44 | C7H8(22)+C8H7(31) | 2.90×10-2 | 4.34 | -5.60 |
45 | C2H4(7)+C8H12(130) | 2.64×1011 | 0 | 29.61 |
46 | C2H4(7)+C4H6(133) | 1.00×1010 | 0 | 20.00 |
47 | C2H3(8)+C8H8(27) | 3.91×10-3 | 4.50 | 3.67 |
48 | C2H3(8)+C8H10(1) | 5.56×10-3 | 4.34 | 0.20 |
49 | C2H4(7)+npropyl(172) | 4.24×103 | 2.41 | 5.06 |
50 | C2H4(7)+C8H7(31) | 2.20×10-2 | 4.40 | 4.75 |
51 | C2H4(7)+C8H7(33) | 2.20×10-2 | 4.40 | 4.75 |
52 | H(2)+CH3(4)(M) | 2.10×1014 | 0 | 0 |
53 | H(2)+C8H9(12) | 9.17×1013 | 0.12 | 0 |
54 | C8H9(12)+C8H11(16) | 8.43×1011 | 0 | 0 |
55 | CH3(4)+C8H11(16) | 3.38×1011 | -0.18 | -0.01 |
56 | H(2)+C8H10(1) | 8.76×107 | 1.71 | 6.09 |
57 | 2CH3(4) | 5.40×1013 | 0 | 16.06 |
58 | CH3(4)+C2H5(6) | 9.00×1011 | 0 | 0 |
59 | C2H5(6)+C8H9(12) | 6.90×1013 | -0.35 | 0 |
60 | 2H(2)+H2(3) | 1.00×1017 | -0.60 | 0 |
61 | 2H(2)(M) | 7.00×1017 | -1.00 | 0 |
62 | H(2)+C8H11(16) | 1.00×1010 | 0 | 0 |
63 | H(2)+C2H5(6) | 1.08×1013 | 0 | 0 |
64 | C2H3(8)+C8H11(16) | 8.43×1011 | 0 | 0 |
65 | C2H3(8)+C8H10(1) | 5.40×10-4 | 4.55 | 3.50 |
66 | C2H3(8)+C2H5(6) | 4.56×1014 | -0.70 | 0 |
67 | H(2)+C10H17(122) | 1.95×1012 | 0.35 | 0 |
68 | H(2)+C10H17(123) | 1.58×1013 | -0.22 | 0 |
69 | C10H17(122) | 6.76×109 | 0.88 | 38.00 |
70 | C10H17(122) | 2.84×107 | 1.625 | 35.45 |
71 | C10H17(122) | 2.28×10-3 | 3.95 | 11.17 |
72 | C10H17(122) | 5.64×10-2 | 3.28 | 5.91 |
73 | C10H17(122) | 6.76×109 | 0.88 | 38.00 |
74 | C10H17(122)+C10H18(120) | 1.03×10-2 | 4.29 | 7.71 |
75 | C2H5(6)+C10H17(123) | 6.33×1014 | -0.70 | 0 |
76 | npropyl(172)+C17H35(171) | 3.19×1016 | -1.18 | 0 |
77 | CH3(4)+C2H4(7) | 4.18×104 | 2.41 | 5.63 |
78 | CH3(4)+npropyl(172) | 2.30×1013 | -0.32 | 0 |
79 | H(2)+npropyl(172) | 3.62×1012 | 0 | 0 |
80 | allyl(224)+npropyl(172) | 5.80×1012 | 0 | -0.13 |
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