不同馏分油分级分质加工中萃取技术研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240173

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

解决传统燃料过剩、开发绿色高效低耗的油品加工技术是双碳背景下的必然趋势。发展分子炼油理念下的变革性加工技术，实现从“馏分加工”到“组分加工”，是节能降耗、物尽其用的重要思路，其中组分的高效分离是实践分子炼油理念、实现精细化加工的重中之重。详细介绍了我国各种馏分油的化学组成的分布规律以及现有溶剂萃取技术分离芳烃、烷烃和杂原子化合物等组分的研究现状，讨论了各类油品由于组成差异而导致不同的分离难点，旨在提出未来研究的切入点和有价值的研究方向。

关键词: 馏分油, 分离, 溶剂萃取, 芳烃, 烷烃, 杂原子化合物

Abstract:

It is an inevitable trend to solve the excess of traditional fuel and develop green, efficient and energy-saving oil processing technology under the background of dual carbon. Developing transformative processing technology under the concept of molecular refining and realizing the transition from “fraction processing” to “component processing” is an important idea for saving energy, reduling consumption and making the best use of materials. Among them, the efficient separation of components is the most important thing to practice the concept of molecular refining and achieve fine processing. The distribution regular of chemical composition of various distillates in China and the current research status of solvent extraction technology in separating arenes, alkanes and heteroatomic compounds are introduced in detail. The separation difficulties caused by composition differences of various oil are discussed, aiming to put forward the pointcut and valuable research direction in the future.

Key words: distillate, separation, solvent extraction, arene, alkane, heteroatomic compound

中图分类号:

TQ 028

李俊, 赵亮, 高金森, 徐春明. 不同馏分油分级分质加工中萃取技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(4): 1065-1080.

Jun LI, Liang ZHAO, Jinsen GAO, Chunming XU. Research progress of extraction technology in processing different distillate by grade and composition[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(4): 1065-1080.

图/表 9

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项目	Udex	Sulfolane	IFP	Arosolvan	Formex	Morphylane
溶剂	甘醇类	SUL	DMSO	NMP	NFM	NFM
塔类型	筛板塔	筛板塔/转盘塔	转盘塔	混合沉降槽	—	填料塔
操作条件
温度/℃	120~140	70~99	30	30~60	40~70	40~80
压力/MPa	0.7~0.8	0.3~0.5	0.9	常压	—	0.3
剂油比	10.0~17.0	2.0~3.5	7.0~8.0	7.7	4.0~6.0	0.8~1.0
回流比	1.0~1.4	0.4~0.6	0.32	0.8~1.2	—	—
溶剂含水率/%（体积分数）	8.0~10.0	0.5~0.7	9.0	45(二甘醇)	5.0	—
芳烃回收率
苯/%（质量分数）	99.5	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
甲苯/%（质量分数）	98.0	99.0	98.0	99.0	99.0	99.5
二甲苯/%（质量分数）	95.0	96.0	96.0	96.0	97.0	97.0
C₉芳烃/%（质量分数）	65.0~96.0	＞76.0	＞50.0	＞60.0	—	—
消耗
电/(kWh)	12.0~36.0	6.3	9.43	11.0	10.0~13.0	—
水/t	41.0~100.0	31.0	26.0	30.0	8.0~10.0	—
蒸汽/t	1.4~1.9	0.8	2.25	0.8	0.65~0.85	—
溶剂/kg	0.55	0.13	0.14	0.10	0.10	0.09

项目	Udex	Sulfolane	IFP	Arosolvan	Formex	Morphylane
溶剂	甘醇类	SUL	DMSO	NMP	NFM	NFM
塔类型	筛板塔	筛板塔/转盘塔	转盘塔	混合沉降槽	—	填料塔
操作条件
温度/℃	120~140	70~99	30	30~60	40~70	40~80
压力/MPa	0.7~0.8	0.3~0.5	0.9	常压	—	0.3
剂油比	10.0~17.0	2.0~3.5	7.0~8.0	7.7	4.0~6.0	0.8~1.0
回流比	1.0~1.4	0.4~0.6	0.32	0.8~1.2	—	—
溶剂含水率/%（体积分数）	8.0~10.0	0.5~0.7	9.0	45(二甘醇)	5.0	—
芳烃回收率
苯/%（质量分数）	99.5	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9
甲苯/%（质量分数）	98.0	99.0	98.0	99.0	99.0	99.5
二甲苯/%（质量分数）	95.0	96.0	96.0	96.0	97.0	97.0
C₉芳烃/%（质量分数）	65.0~96.0	＞76.0	＞50.0	＞60.0	—	—
消耗
电/(kWh)	12.0~36.0	6.3	9.43	11.0	10.0~13.0	—
水/t	41.0~100.0	31.0	26.0	30.0	8.0~10.0	—
蒸汽/t	1.4~1.9	0.8	2.25	0.8	0.65~0.85	—
溶剂/kg	0.55	0.13	0.14	0.10	0.10	0.09

装置所属单位	设计规模/（万吨/年）	采用技术	装置所属单位	设计规模/（万吨/年）	采用技术
大连石化	100	美国GT-BTX	中国石油大连分公司	15	中国SED
独山子石化	100	美国GT-BTX	福佳大化	100	中国SED
青岛丽东	70	美国GT-BTX	四川石化	90	中国SED
广西石化	100	美国/荷兰 Sulfolane	中海油惠州	80	中国SED
乌鲁木齐石化	70	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	福建炼化	78	中国SED
辽阳石化	60	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	镇海炼化	70	中国SED
抚顺石化	56	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	上海赛科公司	55	中国SED
兰州石化	40	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	茂名石化	46	中国SED
大庆石化	40	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	齐鲁石化	45	中国SED
华锦石化	22	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	和邦化学	25	中国SED
哈尔滨石化	12	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	青岛大炼油	20	中国SED
宁夏石化	10	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ

装置所属单位	设计规模/（万吨/年）	采用技术	装置所属单位	设计规模/（万吨/年）	采用技术
大连石化	100	美国GT-BTX	中国石油大连分公司	15	中国SED
独山子石化	100	美国GT-BTX	福佳大化	100	中国SED
青岛丽东	70	美国GT-BTX	四川石化	90	中国SED
广西石化	100	美国/荷兰 Sulfolane	中海油惠州	80	中国SED
乌鲁木齐石化	70	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	福建炼化	78	中国SED
辽阳石化	60	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	镇海炼化	70	中国SED
抚顺石化	56	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	上海赛科公司	55	中国SED
兰州石化	40	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	茂名石化	46	中国SED
大庆石化	40	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	齐鲁石化	45	中国SED
华锦石化	22	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	和邦化学	25	中国SED
哈尔滨石化	12	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ	青岛大炼油	20	中国SED
宁夏石化	10	中国SUPER-SAE-Ⅱ

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