富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NOx排放特性

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181042

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (3): 1048-1055.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181042

富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NO_x排放特性

朱传强^1,^2,³(),刘殊远¹,余剑¹,高士秋¹(),许光文¹

1. 中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室，北京 100190
2. 中国科学院大学化学化工学院，北京 100190
3. 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司焚烧技术研究所，江苏南京 211100

收稿日期:2018-09-17 修回日期:2018-12-19 出版日期:2019-03-05 发布日期:2019-03-05
通讯作者: 高士秋
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">朱传强</named-content>（1987—），男，博士研究生，<email>zhucq@ebchinaintl.com.cn</email>|高士秋(1964—)，男，博士，研究员，<email>sqgao@ipe.ac.cn</email>
基金资助:
政府间国际创新合作项目(2016YFE0128300)

NO_x emission characteristics of high-N fuel combustion in atmospheres rich in O₂ and steam

Chuanqiang ZHU^1,^2,³(),Shuyuan LIU¹,Jian YU¹,Shiqiu GAO¹(),Guangwen XU¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3. Everbright Environmental Technology Research Institute Nanjing Co., Ltd., Incineration Technology Research Institute, Nanjing 211100, Jiangsu, China

Received:2018-09-17 Revised:2018-12-19 Online:2019-03-05 Published:2019-03-05
Contact: Shiqiu GAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在富氧富水蒸气条件下，研究了富含氮的燃料白酒糟在流化床中燃烧时NO_x的排放特性。结果表明，在过量空气系数1.2条件下，水蒸气和O₂对NO_x的生成相互影响。当O₂浓度低于约35%时，向燃烧气中加入水蒸气能抑制NO_x生成，使烟气中NO_x的排放浓度和燃料N转化为NO_x的转化率降低；而当氧气浓度高于约35%时，加入水蒸气促进了NO_x生成，表明提高氧气浓度使得氧化作用起到主导地位。NO_x生成量随温度的升高先增加后减少，在较高氧气浓度下，NO_x生成量随温度升高而降低的转折点发生在较低的温度；燃烧气氛中添加水蒸气延迟了转折点的发生，使转折点发生在较高温度。

关键词: 富氧, 富蒸气, 低NO_x燃烧, 白酒糟, NO_x, 高氮燃料

Abstract:

The NO_x emission characteristics of the nitrogen-rich fuel distiller's grains in a fluidized bed were studied under oxygen-rich and steam-rich conditions. The effect of steam on NO_x emission is competitive with the influence from varying oxygen concentration in the combustion gas at the excessive air ratio of 1.2. When the oxygen concentration was below a value of about 35%, the steam addition decreased the NO_x formation to lower the NO_x concentration in the flue gas and also the fuel-N conversion into NO_x. When oxygen concentration in the combustion gas was above the preceding critical value of about 35%, the addition of steam into the burning atmosphere resulted in higher NO_x emission than the case without steam addition, showing the dominance of the enhanced oxidation with raising the O₂ concentration. The NO_x emission would increase first and finally decrease with raising temperature, and the higher O₂ concentration in the combustion gas lowered the occurrence temperature for such a NO_x decrease with raising temperature. The presence of steam in the combustion atmosphere delayed the occurrence of such a decrease so that it appeared at higher temperature.

Key words: oxygen-rich, steam-rich, low-NO_x combustion, distilled spirits lees, NO_x, high-nitrogen fuel

中图分类号:

TQ 534

朱传强, 刘殊远, 余剑, 高士秋, 许光文. 富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NO_x排放特性[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 1048-1055.

Chuanqiang ZHU, Shuyuan LIU, Jian YU, Shiqiu GAO, Guangwen XU. NO_x emission characteristics of high-N fuel combustion in atmospheres rich in O₂ and steam[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 1048-1055.

图/表 7

图1 实验装置工艺流程

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of experimental setup

表1 白酒糟和半焦的工业、元素分析及半焦收率和半焦中N占酒糟中N的质量分数

Table 1 Proximate and ultimate analyses, char yield and ratio of N in char to N in distilled spirit lees

Sample	Proximate analysis /% (mass，ad)				Ultimate analysis/% (mass，daf)					Char yield/% (mass,ad)	Ratio of N in char to total N in distilled spirit lees /%
Sample	M	V	FC	A	C	H	O	N	S	Char yield/% (mass,ad)	Ratio of N in char to total N in distilled spirit lees /%
distilled spirit lees	1.88	70.54	15.79	11.79	50.75	6.71	39.52	2.83	0.19		100
char (900℃)	5.34	8.12	51.9	34.64	88.24	1.75	6.36	3.52	0.13	34.78	43.1
char (900℃, steam)	5.12	14.59	40.73	39.56	80.80	3.02	12.00	3.96	0.22	27.92	38.87

图2 白酒糟燃烧的TG、DTG、DTA曲线

Fig.2 Curves of TG, DTG and DTA from combusting raw distilled spirit lees

图3 在过量空气系数1.2和温度900℃下，不同氧气浓度时水蒸气添加量对NOx生成的影响

Fig.3 Effect of added steam amount on NOx formation under different oxygen concentrations in combustion gas at excess air ratio of 1.2 and temperature of 900℃

图4 不同温度及有无水蒸气条件下NOx生成量的比较

Fig.4 NOx formation varying with temperature in combustion with and without steam addition

图5 温度900℃时半焦燃烧烟气中O2与NOx浓度随时间的变化

Fig.5 Variation with time of O2 and NOx concentrations in char combustion at 900℃

图6 不同水料比条件下半焦燃烧NOx生成的对比（900℃, 25% O2）

Fig.6 NOx formation varying with S/F for char combustion at 900℃ and 25% O2

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富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NO_x排放特性

NO_x emission characteristics of high-N fuel combustion in atmospheres rich in O₂ and steam

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富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NOx排放特性

NOx emission characteristics of high-N fuel combustion in atmospheres rich in O2 and steam

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富氧富水蒸气条件下燃烧高氮燃料的NO_x排放特性

NO_x emission characteristics of high-N fuel combustion in atmospheres rich in O₂ and steam