机械端面密封反向螺旋槽空化效应与泄漏控制机理

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170726

化工学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 69 ›› Issue (4): 1558-1568.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20170726

机械端面密封反向螺旋槽空化效应与泄漏控制机理

马学忠, 孟祥铠, 王玉明, 赵文静, 沈明学, 彭旭东

浙江工业大学过程装备及其再制造教育部工程研究中心, 浙江杭州 310014

收稿日期:2017-06-04 修回日期:2017-08-21 出版日期:2018-04-05 发布日期:2018-04-05
通讯作者: 孟祥铠
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（51375449）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY17E050018）。

Cavitation effect and leakage control mechanism of reverse spiral grooves mechanical end face seals

MA Xuezhong, MENG Xiangkai, WANG Yuming, ZHAO Wenjing, SHEN Mingxue, PENG Xudong

Engineering Research Center of Process Equipment and Its Remanufacturing of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China

Received:2017-06-04 Revised:2017-08-21 Online:2018-04-05 Published:2018-04-05
Supported by:
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51375449) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY17E050018).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对机械端面密封的反向螺旋槽结构，基于遵循质量守恒的JFO空化边界条件，采用SUPG有限元方法求解Reynolds方程，研究了反向螺旋槽的空化效应，基于此，提出了一种新型的正反向螺旋槽组合端面密封结构，分析了不同工况条件下的密封性能。结果表明：反向螺旋槽区域易发生液膜空化，周期性分布的空化区会显著影响端面流场，空化区的低压力可将内径侧流体抽吸到密封端面，实现上游泵送。新型正反向螺旋槽端面密封结构结合了反向螺旋槽产生的泄漏控制作用和正向螺旋槽产生的流体动压效应，同时具备良好的上游泵送能力和动压承载能力。

关键词: 有限元方法, 螺旋槽, 空化效应, 机械密封, 上游泵送效应

Abstract:

The Reynolds equation of a reverse spiral groove mechanical end face seals was solved based on the JFO cavitation boundary condition by the Stream-Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) finite element method. The cavitation effect of the reverse spiral grooves was investigated. A novel reverse-spiral-grooved seal end face combined with forward-spiral grooves was proposed. The sealing performance under the different operating conditions was analyzed. The results show that the liquid film in grooved zones is prone to cavitation for the reverse spiral groove end face seal. The cavitation zones significantly affect the flow field distribution of the fluid film. The fluid at the inner side can be absorbed into the cavitation zones due to the pressure difference between the cavitation zones and the inner side. The novel seal end face combines the leakage control effect of the reverse spiral grooves and the hydrodynamic effect of the forward spiral grooves, and shows good upstream pumping capacity and load carrying capacity.

Key words: finite element method, spiral groove, cavitation effect, mechanical seal, upstream pumping effect

中图分类号:

TH117.2

马学忠, 孟祥铠, 王玉明, 赵文静, 沈明学, 彭旭东. 机械端面密封反向螺旋槽空化效应与泄漏控制机理[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(4): 1558-1568.

MA Xuezhong, MENG Xiangkai, WANG Yuming, ZHAO Wenjing, SHEN Mingxue, PENG Xudong. Cavitation effect and leakage control mechanism of reverse spiral grooves mechanical end face seals[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(4): 1558-1568.

参考文献 30

[1]	LEBECK A O. Contacting mechanical seal design using a simplified hydrostatic model[J]. Tribology International, 1988, 21(1):2-14.
[2]	SEDY J. High pressure upstream pumping seal combination:US4290611[P]. 1981.
[3]	ETSION I. A new concept of zero-leakage non-contacting mechanical face seal[J]. Transactions of the ASME, 1984, 106:338-343.
[4]	彭旭东, 呼延晨龙, 白少先, 等. 仿生多叶翼型槽干式气体端面密封的性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2013, 33(4):372-381. PENG X D, HUYAN C L, BAI S X, et al. Performance research on a bionic multi wing-like spiral grooved dry gas face seal[J]. Tribology, 2013, 33(4):372-381.
[5]	彭旭东, 刘坤, 白少先, 等. 典型螺旋槽端面干式气体密封动压开启性能[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(1):326-333. PENG X D, LIU K, BAI S X, et al. Dynamic opening characteristics of dry gas seals with typical types of spiral grooves[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(1):326-333.
[6]	彭旭东, 谭丽丽, 盛颂恩, 等. 带内环槽的螺旋槽干式气体端面密封的静压性能[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2008, 28(6):507-511. PENG X D, TAN L L, SHENG S E, et al. Static analysis of a spiral-groove dry gas seal with an inner annular groove[J]. Tribology, 2008, 28(6):507-511.
[7]	马春红, 白少先, 彭旭东, 等. 螺旋槽端面微间隙高速气流润滑密封特性[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2015, 35(6):699-706. MA C H, BAI S X, PENG X D, et al. Properties of high speed airflow lubrication in micro-clearance of spiral-groove face seals[J]. Tribology, 2015, 35(6):699-706.
[8]	宋鹏云, 张帅, 许恒杰. 同时考虑实际气体效应和滑移流效应螺旋槽干气密封性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(4):1405-1415. SONG P Y, ZHANG S, XU H J. Analysis of performance of spiral groove dry gas seal considered effects of both real gas and slip flow[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(4):1405-1415.
[9]	邓成香, 宋鹏云, 马爱琳. 干气密封的实际气体焦耳-汤姆逊效应分析[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(9):3833-3842. DENG C X, SONG P Y, MA A L. Analysis of Joule-Thomson effect of real gas system sealed by dry gas[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(9):3833-3842.
[10]	ZHOU J F, GU B Q. Coupling analysis of fluid film and thermal deformation of sealing members in spiral groove mechanical seal[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2007, 353-358(353-358):2455-2458.
[11]	DING X X, LU J J. Theoretical analysis and experiment on gas film temperature in a spiral groove dry gas seal under high speed and pressure[J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2016, 96:438-450.
[12]	BAI S X, PENG X D, MENG Y G, et al. Modeling of gas thermal effect based on energy equipartition principle[J]. Tribology Transactions, 2012, 55(6), 752-761.
[13]	WANG Y M, WANG J L, YANG H X, et al. Theoretical analyses and design guidelines of oil-film-lubricated mechanical face seals with spiral grooves[J]. Tribology Transactions, 2004, 47(4):537-542.
[14]	赵一民, 苑士华, 胡纪滨, 等. 基于质量守恒边界条件的螺旋槽旋转密封性能分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2014, 50(22):142-149. ZHAO Y M, YUAN S H, HU J B, et al. Performance analysis of spiral-groove rotary seals considering mass conserving boundary condition[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 50(22):142-149.
[15]	赵一民, 胡纪滨, 吴维, 等. 螺旋槽旋转密封环润滑状态转变预测[J]. 机械工程学报, 2013, 49(9):75-80. ZHAO Y M, HU J B, WU W, et al. Prediction of lubrication condition transition for spiral groove rotary seal rings[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 49(9):75-80.
[16]	SALANT R F, HOMILLER S J. Stiffness and leakage in spiral groove upstream pumping mechanical seals[J]. Tribology Transactions, 1993, 36(1):55-60.
[17]	陈汇龙, 王彬, 任坤腾, 等. 空化热效应对上游泵送机械密封润滑性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(10):4334-4343. CHEN H L, WANG B, REN K T, et al. Influence of cavitation thermal effect on lubrication properties of upstream pumping mechanical seal[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(10):4334-4343.
[18]	李振涛, 郝木明, 杨文静, 等. 螺旋槽液膜密封端面空化发生机理[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(11):4750-4761. LI Z T, HAO M M, YANG W J, et al. Cavitation mechanism of spiral groove liquid film seals[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(11):4750-4761.
[19]	李振涛, 黄佰朋, 郝木明, 等. 周向斜面台阶螺旋槽液膜密封流体动压性能[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(5):2016-2026. LI Z T, HUANG B P, HAO M M, et al. Hydrodynamic performance of liquid film seals in circumferential beveled-step spiral grooves[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(5):2016-2026.
[20]	FINDLAY J A. Cavitation in mechanical face seals[J]. Journal of Lubrication Technology, 1968, 90(2):356-364.
[21]	ZEUS D. Cavitation-a little noticed factor in the operation of mechanical seals[J]. Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, 1993, 45(2):3-6.
[22]	顾永泉. 机械端面密封[M]. 东营:石油大学出版社, 1994:50-60. GU Y Q. Mechanical Face Seal[M]. Dongying:Petroleum University Press, 1994:50-60.
[23]	ETSION I, BURSTEIN L. A model for mechanical seals with regular microsurface structure[J]. Tribology Transaction, 1996, 9(3):677-683.
[24]	杨新峰, 苑秉成, 陈立刚, 等. 微气泡减阻实验研究[J]. 水动力学研究与进展A辑, 2009, 24(1):89-94. YANG X F, YUAN B C, CHEN L G, et al. Experimental study on drag reduction by micro-bubbles[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser.A), 2009, 24(1):89-94.
[25]	MENG X K, BAI S X, PENG X D. Lubrication film flow control by oriented dimples for liquid lubricated mechanical seals[J]. Tribology International, 2014, 77:132-141.
[26]	CHEN H L, WU Q B, XU C, et al. Research on cavitation regions of upstream pumping mechanical seal based on dynamic mesh technique[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 2014(11):1-8.
[27]	马学忠, 孟祥铠, 王玉明, 等. 雷列台阶-环槽端面密封机理与性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2016, 36(5):585-591. MA X Z, MENG X K, WANG Y M, et al. Mechanism and performance of end face seal of Rayleigh steps and annular grooves[J]. Tribology, 2016, 36(5):585-591.
[28]	彭旭东, 佘宝瑛, 孟祥铠, 等. 不同排布方向性椭圆孔液体润滑机械密封性能的研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2013, 33(5):481-487. PENG X D, SHE B Y, MENG X K, et al. Sealing performance of liquid-lubricated mechanical seals with different arrangements inclined elliptical dimples[J]. Tribology, 2013, 33(5):481-487.
[29]	刘鑫, 彭旭东, 孟祥铠, 等. 斜排微孔端面机械密封富集效应的理论研究[J]. 化工学报, 2010, 61(2):444-449. LIU X, PENG X D, MENG Y G, et al. Theoretical study of collective effect of laser surface textured mechanical seal with oblique distributed pore face[J]. CIESC Journal, 2010, 61(2):444-449.
[30]	MENG X K, BAI S X, PENG X D. An efficient adaptive finite element method algorithm with mass conservation for analysis of liquid face seals[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A, 2014, 15(3):172-184.

机械端面密封反向螺旋槽空化效应与泄漏控制机理

Cavitation effect and leakage control mechanism of reverse spiral grooves mechanical end face seals

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 30

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张伟政, 赵吉军, 马学忠, 张琦璇, 庞益祥, 张俊涛. 湍流效应对高速机械密封端面型槽冷却性能影响分析[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(3): 1228-1238.
[2]	赵文静, 屠治荣, 孟祥铠, 江锦波, 彭旭东. 非规则V形表面织构化机械端面密封性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4585-4593.
[3]	孟祥铠, 孟令超, 马艺, 江锦波, 彭旭东. 多孔质机械密封耦合润滑模型与密封性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4576-4584.
[4]	成文凯, 张先明, 王嘉骏, 冯连芳. 反向旋转卧式双轴捏合反应器混合特性的数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(1): 162-174.
[5]	刘献飞, 王恒, 王方, 李志强, 朱彩霞, 张浩飞. 单螺杆膨胀机螺旋槽道内液膜分布均匀特性[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(S1): 336-341.
[6]	陆俊杰, 张炜, 马浩. 基于F-K滑移流模型的柱面微槽气浮密封浮升能力分析[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(8): 4267-4278.
[7]	商浩, 陈源, 李孝禄, 王冰清, 李运堂, 彭旭东. 膜厚扰动下的非线性效应对干气密封性能影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(4): 2213-2222.
[8]	马润梅, 赵祥, 李双喜, 刘兴华, 许灿. 颗粒介质用机械密封热力耦合变形及摩擦磨损研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(11): 5726-5737.
[9]	于辰,江锦波,赵文静,李纪云,彭旭东,王玉明. 基于微段组合的干气密封端面型槽结构模型及其参数影响[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(10): 5294-5309.
[10]	葛诚, 孙见君, 苏徐辰, 马晨波, 於秋萍. 扩压式自泵送流体动静压型机械密封性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(5): 2202-2214.
[11]	王金红, 陈志, 刘凡, 李建明. 密封环支撑边界条件对机械密封端面变形的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(4): 1744-1753.
[12]	陈汇龙, 桂铠, 韩婷, 谢晓凤, 陆俊成, 赵斌娟. 上游泵送机械密封润滑膜固体颗粒沉积特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(4): 1712-1722.
[13]	陈胡炜, 吉华, 冯东林, 李倩, 陈志. 基于多楔现象的微孔端面机械密封泄漏率分析及孔形设计[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(4): 1723-1733.
[14]	马学忠,孟祥铠,张伟政,彭旭东,丁雪兴. 反向瑞利台阶构型液膜空化性能与机械密封空化抽吸效应评价[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(12): 5715-5724.
[15]	孟祥铠, 江莹莹, 赵文静, 彭旭东. 螺旋槽液膜密封热流体动力润滑性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1512-1521.