R513A与PVE润滑油的溶解度及黏度研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20250306

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

R513A因其良好的环保特性和循环性能而受到广泛关注。基于等体积饱和法，进行了R513A和R134a在聚乙烯醚（PVE）润滑油中的相平衡研究，实验温度范围283.15~343.15 K，压力范围0~1.6 MPa。此外，使用黏度计测定了润滑油在溶解制冷剂后的黏度变化。结果表明，两种制冷剂在PVE32（FVC 32D）油中的溶解度随温度升高而降低，当温度恒定时，溶解度随压力升高而增加。此外，使用非随机两液体（NRTL）方程对溶解度数据进行了关联，实验数据与NRTL模型吻合良好。随着制冷剂在油中的溶解度增加，混合物的黏度在初始阶段显著降低，随后其变化逐渐趋于稳定。溶解在油中的制冷剂大大降低了润滑油的黏度，但两种制冷剂差距不大。在应用PVE润滑油的系统中，R513A是R134a的一种合适的替代制冷剂。

关键词: 相平衡, 溶解性, 黏度, R513A, R134a, NRTL模型

Abstract:

R513A has attracted much attention due to its good environmental characteristics and cycling performance for refrigeration and heat pump systems. Based on the isovolumetric saturation method, the phase equilibrium of R513A and R134a in polyvinyl ether (PVE) lubricants was investigated. The experimental temperature range was 283.15—343.15 K and the pressure range was 0—1.6 MPa. In addition, the change in viscosity of the lubricating oils was determined by using a viscometer after the dissolution of the refrigerants. The results showed that the solubility of both refrigerants in PVE32 (FVC 32D) oil decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing pressure when the temperature was constant. In addition, the solubility data were correlated using the non-random two liquid (NRTL) equation and the experimental data were in good agreement with the NRTL model. As the solubility of the refrigerant in the oil increased, the viscosity of the mixture initially decreased sharply and then leveled off. The refrigerant dissolved in oil reduces the viscosity of the lubricant considerably, but the difference between the two refrigerants is not significant. Both refrigerants, R513A and R134a, are very well adapted to the PVE lubricant, and R513A is a suitable alternative refrigerant to R134a in systems where PVE lubricants are applied.

Key words: phase equilibria, solubility, viscosity, R513A, R134a, NRTL model

中图分类号:

TB 64

胡岩松, 杨昭, 高磊, 张步健. R513A与PVE润滑油的溶解度及黏度研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(10): 5015-5023.

Yansong HU, Zhao YANG, Lei GAO, Bujian ZHANG. Experimental study of solubility and viscosity of R513A and PVE lubricants[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(10): 5015-5023.

图/表 12

参考文献 31

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物性	R134a	R513A	物性	PVE32
GWP	1430	573	动力黏度(40℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	32.4
ODP	0	0	动力黏度(100℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	5.12
分子量	102.03	108.4	倾点/℃	-47.5
沸点/℃	-26.074	-29.45	密度(20℃)/(g·cm^-3)	0.9252
临界温度/℃	101.06	94.95	闪点/℃	178
临界压力/MPa	4.0593	3.6489	全酸性/(mg KOH·g^-1)	< 0.01

物性	R134a	R513A	物性	PVE32
GWP	1430	573	动力黏度(40℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	32.4
ODP	0	0	动力黏度(100℃)/(mm²·s^-1)	5.12
分子量	102.03	108.4	倾点/℃	-47.5
沸点/℃	-26.074	-29.45	密度(20℃)/(g·cm^-3)	0.9252
临界温度/℃	101.06	94.95	闪点/℃	178
临界压力/MPa	4.0593	3.6489	全酸性/(mg KOH·g^-1)	< 0.01

T/K	x	p/MPa	T/K	x	p/MPa
283.15	0.04989	0.03901	313.15	0.4161	0.4154
	0.1815	0.09401		0.4555	0.4580
	0.2460	0.1232		0.4919	0.4951
	0.3457	0.1502		0.6831	0.6834
	0.3954	0.1701		0.8514	0.8156
	0.4553	0.1914	323.15	0.03675	0.08584
	0.4896	0.2101		0.1554	0.2609
	0.5249	0.2212		0.2013	0.3091
	0.7128	0.2943		0.2985	0.4107
	0.8811	0.3498		0.3526	0.4577
293.15	0.0471	0.04974		0.4044	0.5103
	0.1800	0.1351		0.4418	0.5620
	0.2374	0.1581		0.4815	0.5886
	0.3339	0.2001		0.6732	0.8315
	0.3893	0.2238		0.8415	1.039
	0.4402	0.2490	333.15	0.0341	0.09783
	0.4794	0.2751		0.1467	0.3091
	0.5158	0.3015		0.1986	0.3753
	0.7029	0.3969		0.2851	0.4926
	0.8712	0.4981		0.3384	0.5490
303.15	0.04463	0.06409		0.3914	0.6288
	0.1725	0.1780		0.432	0.6843
	0.2256	0.2063		0.475	0.7301
	0.3234	0.2601		0.6633	1.021
	0.3785	0.2877		0.8316	1.347
	0.4291	0.3255	343.15	0.02943	0.1043
	0.4683	0.3607		0.1305	0.3472
	0.5046	0.3907		0.1841	0.4386
	0.6930	0.4991		0.2596	0.5577
	0.8613	0.6498		0.3235	0.6525
313.15	0.03929	0.07344		0.3813	0.7431
	0.1641	0.2172		0.4224	0.8100
	0.2132	0.2574		0.4687	0.8933
	0.3113	0.3358		0.6534	1.238
	0.3658	0.3688		0.8217	1.599

T/K	x	p/MPa	T/K	x	p/MPa
283.15	0.04989	0.03901	313.15	0.4161	0.4154
	0.1815	0.09401		0.4555	0.4580
	0.2460	0.1232		0.4919	0.4951
	0.3457	0.1502		0.6831	0.6834
	0.3954	0.1701		0.8514	0.8156
	0.4553	0.1914	323.15	0.03675	0.08584
	0.4896	0.2101		0.1554	0.2609
	0.5249	0.2212		0.2013	0.3091
	0.7128	0.2943		0.2985	0.4107
	0.8811	0.3498		0.3526	0.4577
293.15	0.0471	0.04974		0.4044	0.5103
	0.1800	0.1351		0.4418	0.5620
	0.2374	0.1581		0.4815	0.5886
	0.3339	0.2001		0.6732	0.8315
	0.3893	0.2238		0.8415	1.039
	0.4402	0.2490	333.15	0.0341	0.09783
	0.4794	0.2751		0.1467	0.3091
	0.5158	0.3015		0.1986	0.3753
	0.7029	0.3969		0.2851	0.4926
	0.8712	0.4981		0.3384	0.5490
303.15	0.04463	0.06409		0.3914	0.6288
	0.1725	0.1780		0.432	0.6843
	0.2256	0.2063		0.475	0.7301
	0.3234	0.2601		0.6633	1.021
	0.3785	0.2877		0.8316	1.347
	0.4291	0.3255	343.15	0.02943	0.1043
	0.4683	0.3607		0.1305	0.3472
	0.5046	0.3907		0.1841	0.4386
	0.6930	0.4991		0.2596	0.5577
	0.8613	0.6498		0.3235	0.6525
313.15	0.03929	0.07344		0.3813	0.7431
	0.1641	0.2172		0.4224	0.8100
	0.2132	0.2574		0.4687	0.8933
	0.3113	0.3358		0.6534	1.238
	0.3658	0.3688		0.8217	1.599

T/K	x	p/MPa	T/K	x	p/MPa
283.15	0.05984	0.03826	313.15	0.4483	0.4293
	0.12656	0.07677		0.5023	0.4778
	0.22509	0.1159		0.5521	0.5237
	0.3463	0.1502		0.6731	0.6839
	0.4121	0.1685		0.8314	0.8271
	0.4984	0.2011	323.15	0.04482	0.0964
	0.5523	0.2189		0.09735	0.1811
	0.6041	0.2407		0.1777	0.2805
	0.7058	0.2948		0.2836	0.3901
	0.8711	0.3518		0.3421	0.4372
293.15	0.05524	0.05993		0.4195	0.5097
	0.1185	0.09981		0.4812	0.5816
	0.2125	0.1478		0.5289	0.6328
	0.3364	0.2079		0.6532	0.8115
	0.4012	0.2378		0.8155	1.0391
	0.4864	0.2737	333.15	0.03884	0.09964
	0.5421	0.3037		0.09041	0.2104
	0.5911	0.3286		0.1611	0.3236
	0.7014	0.4036		0.2663	0.4529
	0.8612	0.4981		0.3213	0.5257
303.15	0.05243	0.06948		0.3876	0.6103
	0.1125	0.1217		0.4532	0.6965
	0.2033	0.1796		0.4947	0.7426
	0.3200	0.2591		0.6333	1.0005
	0.3821	0.2891		0.8016	1.3172
	0.4656	0.3378	343.15	0.03432	0.1166
	0.5213	0.3784		0.07905	0.2377
	0.5751	0.4114		0.1416	0.3546
	0.6828	0.5011		0.2407	0.5096
	0.8513	0.6855		0.2941	0.5997
313.15	0.05023	0.08524		0.3677	0.7137
	0.1059	0.1498		0.4313	0.8025
	0.1898	0.2301		0.4689	0.8626
	0.3030	0.3131		0.6034	1.148
	0.3632	0.3599		0.7817	1.589