CO2/CH4混合物理论跨临界增压过程的热力性能研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240349

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

伴生气增压回注驱油是油气开采中实现碳减排的重要措施，但伴生气主成分为CO₂/CH₄混合物，组分波动剧烈，且CO₂在临界点附近性质极不稳定，这对注气压缩机的稳定性提出了严峻挑战。为厘清CO₂/CH₄混合物跨临界增压特性，构建了混合物物性PR方程，计算了混合物物性及相态变化规律，明确了安全增压路径。据此构建了CO₂/CH₄混合物理论跨临界增压热力学模型，得到了混合物跨临界增压过程p-V图、阀片运动规律及指示功率，并对比分析了组分浓度对物性特征及压缩机热力性能的影响机理。研究结果表明：随着CO₂浓度升高，饱和气相线向高温区移动，临界温度升高，增压过程中进排气压力损失增大，CO₂浓度从20%增加到100%过程中压缩机功耗降低22.93%。相关研究结果可为CO₂/CH₄混合物跨临界增压压缩机的设计和可靠运行提供理论依据。

关键词: 超临界二氧化碳, 注气压缩机, 跨临界增压, 数学模型, 增压模拟

Abstract:

Associated gas booster reinjection flooding is an important measure to achieve carbon emission reduction in oil and gas exploitation, but the associated gas is a CO₂/CH₄ mixture, the composition fluctuates violently, and the properties of CO₂ near the critical point are extremely unstable, which poses a severe challenge to the stability of the gas injection compressor. In order to clarify the trans-critical pressurization characteristics of CO₂/CH₄ mixture, the PR equation of the physical properties of the mixture was constructed, the physical properties and phase changes of the mixture were calculated, and the safe pressurization path was clarified. Based on this, the theoretical trans-critical pressurization thermodynamic model of CO₂/CH₄ mixture was constructed, and the p-V diagram, valve movement law and indication power of the mixture trans-critical pressurization process were obtained, and the influence mechanism of component concentration on physical properties and thermal performance of the compressor was compared and analyzed. The results show that with the increase of CO₂ concentration, the saturated gas phase moves to the high temperature region, the critical temperature increases, the inlet and exhaust pressure loss increases during the pressurization process, and the compressor power consumption decreases by 22.93% when the CO₂ concentration increases from 20% to 100%. The relevant research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and reliable operation of the trans-critical supercharging compressor of CO₂/CH₄ mixture.

Key words: supercritical carbon dioxide, gas injection compressor, trans-critical pressurization, mathematical model, boost simulation

中图分类号:

TH 45

邵明成, 潘玉贵, 王增丽, 赵强. CO₂/CH₄混合物理论跨临界增压过程的热力性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(10): 3742-3751.

Mingcheng SHAO, Yugui PAN, Zengli WANG, Qiang ZHAO. Study on the thermal properties of CO₂/CH₄mixtures in the theoretical trans-critical pressurization process[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(10): 3742-3751.

图/表 7

图1 混合物的相态变化

Fig.1 Phase change of the mixture

图2 不同介质压力下比定压热容随温度的变化

Fig.2 Variation of specific heat capacity of constant pressure with temperature under different medium pressures

图3 CO2/CH4跨临界安全增压路径

Fig.3 CO2/CH4 trans-critical safety pressurization path

图4 CO2和CH4混合物跨临界增压数学模型

Fig.4 Mathematical model of trans-critical pressurization of CO2 and CH4 mixtures

图5 100%CO2含量四级工作腔压力变化及阀片运动规律

Fig.5 Four level pressure change and valve movement law with 100% CO2 content

图6 三种工况下第四级压力变化及阀片运动规律

Fig.6 The fourth-stage pressure change and the movement law of the valve plate under three working conditions

图7 三种工况下指示功率

Fig.7 The indicated power under three working conditions

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CO₂/CH₄混合物理论跨临界增压过程的热力性能研究

Study on the thermal properties of CO₂/CH₄mixtures in the theoretical trans-critical pressurization process

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