Technical characteristics and development trend of printed circuit heat exchanger for FLNG

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190634

Abstract

Abstract:

The printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) is a compact, efficient, safe and reliable heat exchanger type with good application prospects in floating liquefied natural gas platform (FLNG). The research status of PCHE is reviewed, including the classification of PCHE structure, heat transfer characteristics and resistance characteristics. The application status of PCHE in FLNG is summarized. And prospects of PCHE in FLNG is analyzed, including the structure design criteria of PCHE, the influence mechanism of sloshing and measure to defeating sloshing in heat exchangers applied in FLNG. Theoretical basis and research ideas of PCHE designing in sloshing condition are provided.

Key words: FLNG, printed circuit heat exchanger, sloshing condition, heat transfer, pressure drop

摘要：

印刷板路式换热器（PCHE）可兼顾紧凑高效和安全可靠，是一种在浮式液化天然气生产储卸装置（FLNG）中有良好应用前景的换热器型式。综述了PCHE的研究现状，包括PCHE结构分类、换热特性和阻力特性的研究，总结了PCHE在FLNG领域应用的现状，分析了PCHE在FLNG领域应用的难点，包括FLNG中PCHE结构选型、晃荡工况对换热器的影响机制和抑制晃荡导致传热恶化的措施，为应用于FLNG晃荡工况的PCHE设计提供理论依据与研究方向。

关键词: FLNG, 印刷板路换热器, 晃荡工况, 传热, 压降

CLC Number:

TB 61⁺1

Liyi XIE, Zhiqiang LI, Guoliang DING. Technical characteristics and development trend of printed circuit heat exchanger for FLNG[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4101-4112.

谢丽懿, 李智强, 丁国良. FLNG用印刷板路换热器技术特点及发展趋势[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4101-4112.

Figures/Tables 2

References 80

1	Balat M . World natural gas (NG) reserves, NG production and consumption trends and future appearance[J]. Energy Sources, 2005, 27(10): 921-929.
2	陈杰 . 中国南海FLNG液化技术与关键设备方案研究[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(S2): 300-310.
	Chen J . Scheme research of FLNG liquefaction technology and key device in the South China Sea[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(S2): 300-310.
3	李玉星, 朱建鲁, 王武昌 . FLNG液化工艺的关键技术[J]. 油气储运, 2017, 36(2): 121-131.
	Li Y X , Zhu J L , Wang W C . Key FLNG liquefaction technologies[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation,2017,36(2): 121-131.
4	王皓显, 李剑锐, 胡海涛, 等 . 纵荡对板翅式换热器通道内液化天然气流动沸腾换热特性的影响分析[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(S2): 101-108.
	Wang H X , Li J R , Hu H T , et al . Analysis of influence of surging on heat transfer characteristics of liquified natural gas flow boiling in channel of plate-fin heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(S2): 101-108.
5	丁超, 胡海涛, 丁国良, 等 . 运行工况对LNG绕管式换热器壳侧换热特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(6): 2417-2423.
	Ding C , Hu H T , Ding G L , et al . Influences of working conditions on heat transfer characteristics in shell side of LNG spiral wound heat exchangers[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(6): 2417-2423.
6	李秋英, 陈杰, 尹全森 . 晃动对LNG板翅式换热器性能影响模拟分析[J]. 煤气与热力, 2017, 37(2): 15-19.
	Li Q Y , Chen J , Yin Q S . Simulation and analysis on effect of shaking on performance of LNG plate-fin heat exchanger[J]. Gas & Heat, 2017, 37(2): 15-19.
7	Mckeever J , Pillarella M , Bower R . An ever evolving technology[J]. Hydrocarbon Engineering, 2008, 13: 44-49.
8	Huang C Y , Cai W H , Wang Y , et al . Review on the characteristics of flow and heat transfer in printed circuit heat exchangers[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 153(5): 190-205.
9	王康硕, 任滔, 丁国良, 等 . 浮式液化天然气用印刷板路换热器研究和应用进展[J]. 制冷学报, 2016, 37(2): 70-77.
	Wang K S , Ren T , Ding G L , et al . Progress of research and application of printed circuit heat exchanger for offshore LNG platform[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2016, 37(2): 70-77.
10	吴恩, 周帼彦, 涂善东 . 紧凑式换热器性能比较及经济性分析[J]. 石油化工设备, 2006, 35(3): 43-47.
	Wu E , Zhou G Y , Tu S D . Performance comparison and economic analysis of compact heat exchangers[J] Petro-Chemical Equipment, 2006, 35(3): 43-47.
11	Heatric . Characteristics of diffusion-bonded heat exchangers [EB/OL]: [2019-06-02] https: //.
12	Yoon S H , Shin J H , Kim D H ,et al . Design of printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) for LNG re-gasification system[C]// Pajouh M A, Reid J D, Bielenberg R W, et al . ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. 2017: 48-52.
13	Pacio J C , Dorao C A . A review on heat exchanger thermal hydraulic models for cryogenic applications[J]. Cryogenics, 2011, 51(7): 366-379.
14	于改革, 陈永东, 李雪, 等 . 印刷电路板式换热器传热与流动研究进展[J]. 流体机械, 2017, 45(12): 73-79.
	Yu G G , Chen Y D , Li X , et al . Research progress in heat transfer and fluid flow of printed circuit heat exchanger[J]. Fluid Machinery, 2017, 45(12): 73-79.
15	Aquaro D , Pieve M . High temperature heat exchangers for power plants: performance of advanced metallic recuperators[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007, 27(2): 389-400.
16	Bone V , Mcnaughton R , Kearney M , et al . Methodology to develop off-design models of heat exchangers with non-ideal fluids[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 145(25): 716-734.
17	Tsuzuki N , Kato Y , Nikitin K , et al . Advanced microchannel heat exchanger with S-shaped fins[J]. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2009, 46(5): 403-412.
18	Chu W X , Li X H , Ma T , et al . Experimental investigation on SCO₂ -water heat transfer characteristics in a printed circuit heat exchanger with straight channels[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 113: 184-194.
19	Kandlikar S , Garimella S , Li D , et al . Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Minichannels and Microchannels[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006: 92-95.
20	Pra F , Tochon P , Mauget C , et al . Promising designs of compact heat exchangers for modular HTRs using the Brayton cycle[J]. Nuclear Engineering & Design, 2008, 238(11): 3160-3173.
21	Liu S H , Huang Y P , Wang J F . Theoretical and numerical investigation on the fin effectiveness and the fin efficiency of printed circuit heat exchanger with straight channels[J]. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2018, 132: 558-566.
22	Jeon S , Baik Y J , Byon C , et al . Thermal performance of heterogeneous PCHE for supercritical CO₂ energy cycle[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2016, 102: 867-876.
23	Lee S M , Kim K Y . Comparative study on performance of a zigzag printed circuit heat exchanger with various channel shapes and configurations[J]. Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013, 49(7): 1021-1028.
24	Tsuzuki N , Kato Y , Ishiduka T . High performance printed circuit heat exchanger[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2007, 27(10): 1702-1707.
25	Hu H , Yang G , Ding G , et al . Heat transfer characteristics of mixed hydrocarbon refrigerant flow condensation in shell side of helically baffled shell-and-tube heat exchanger[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 133(25): 785-796.
26	Kim T H , Kwon J G , Yoon S H , et al . Numerical analysis of air-foil shaped fin performance in printed circuit heat exchanger in a supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2015, 288: 110-118.
27	Du Y , Chen H C , Hao M T , et al . Off-design performance comparative analysis of a transcritical CO₂ power cycle using a radial turbine by different operation methods[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2018, 168(15): 529-544.
28	Ngo T L , Kato Y , Nikitin K , et al . Heat transfer and pressure drop correlations of microchannel heat exchangers with S-shaped and zigzag fins for carbon dioxide cycles[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2007, 32(2): 560-570.
29	Yoon S J , Brien J O , Chen M , et al . Development and validation of Nusselt number and friction factor correlations for laminar flow in semi-circular zigzag channel of printed circuit heat exchanger[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017, 123: 1327-1344.
30	Yoon S H , No H C , Kang G B . Assessment of straight, zigzag, S-shape, and airfoil PCHEs for intermediate heat exchangers of HTGRs and SFRs[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2014, 270(15): 334-343.
31	Mylavarapu S K , Sun X , Glosup R E , et al . Thermal hydraulic performance testing of printed circuit heat exchangers in a high-temperature helium test facility[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014, 65(1/2): 605-614.
32	Kim J H , Baek S , Jeong S , et al . Hydraulic performance of a microchannel PCHE[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2010, 30(14/15): 2157-2162.
33	Chen M , Sun X , Christensen R N , et al . Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of a high-temperature printed circuit heat exchanger[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 108(5): 1409-1417.
34	Heatric . Oil & gas processing[EB/OL]: [2019-06-02] https: //.
35	World News LNG . Heatric bags prelude FLNG job (Australia) [EB/OL]: [2019-06-02] https: //.
36	Industry LNG . Heatric wins PFLNG 2 contract [EB/OL]: [2019-06-02]https: //.
37	王均, 孙旭, 青春 . 印刷板式换热器在荔湾3-1气田中的应用[J]. 油气田地面工程, 2012, 31(12): 101-102.
	Wang J , Sun X , Qing C . Application of printed plate heat exchanger in Liwan 3-1 gas field[J]. Oil-Gasfield Surface Engineering, 2012, 31(12): 101-102.
38	陈永东, 于改革, 吴晓红 . 新型扩散焊紧凑式换热器[J]. 压力容器, 2016, 33(5): 46-55.
	Chen Y D , Yu G G , Wu X H . New type of diffusion bonding compact heat exchangers[J]. Pressure Vessel Technology, 2016, 33(5): 46-55.
39	贾丹丹 . 印刷板式换热器强化换热理论分析与实验研究[D]. 镇江: 江苏科技大学, 2017.
	Jia D D . Theoretical and experimental study on heat transfer enhancement of printed circuit heat exchanger[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, 2017.
40	Meshram A , Jaiswal A K , Khivsara S D , et al . Modeling and analysis of a printed circuit heat exchanger for supercritical CO₂ power cycle applications[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 199(25): 861-870.
41	Kim D E , Kim M H , Cha J E , et al . Numerical investigation on thermal-hydraulic performance of new printed circuit heat exchanger model[J]. Nuclear Engineering & Design, 2008, 238(12): 3269-3276.
42	Ngo T L , Kato Y , Nikitin K , et al . New printed circuit heat exchanger with S-shaped fins for hot water supplier[J]. Bulletin of the Research Laboratory for Nuclear Reactors, 2006, 30(8): 811-819.
43	Xu X , Ma T , Li L , et al . Optimization of fin arrangement and channel configuration in an airfoil fin PCHE for supercritical CO₂ cycle[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014, 70(1): 867-875.
44	Bartel N , Chen M , Utgikar V P , et al . Comparative analysis of compact heat exchangers for application as the intermediate heat exchanger for advanced nuclear reactors[J]. Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2015, 81: 143-149.
45	Ma T , Xin F , Li L , et al . Effect of fin-endwall fillet on thermal hydraulic performance of airfoil printed circuit heat exchanger[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 89(5): 1087-1095.
46	Zheng W , Wang Y , Cui Q , et al . Sloshing effect on gas-liquid distribution performance at entrance of a plate-fin heat exchanger[J]. Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science, 2018, 93: 419-430.
47	韩旭亮, 谢彬, 朱小松, 等 . 载液FLNG船体运动性能的数值模拟及模型试验[J]. 中国造船, 2016, 57(4): 87-96.
	Han X L , Xie B , Zhu X S , et al . Numerical simulation and experimental study on hydrodynamic performance of FLNG with liquid tanks[J]. Shipbuilding of China, 2016, 57(4): 87-96.
48	王庆丰, 焦经纬, 徐刚, 等 . FSRU船舶运动与液舱晃荡的耦合分析[J]. 江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 31(5): 684-688.
	Wang Q F , Jiao J W , Xu G , et al . Analysis of coupling effects of sloshing and ship motion for FSRU[J]. Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 31(5): 684-688.
49	林玮, 杨申音, 陈光明, 等 . 船舶摇摆振动对传热和制冷系统的影响研究述评[J]. 制冷学报, 2014, 35(3): 8-15.
	Lin W，Yang S Y, Chen G M, et a1 . A review of the influence of ship vibration and rolling on heat transfer and flow performance of the refrigerating systems onboard[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2014, 35(3): 8-15.
50	Zhu J , Zhang W , Li Y , et al . Experimental study of flow distribution in plate-fin heat exchanger and its influence on natural gas liquefaction performance [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2019, 155(5): 398-417.
51	Brian W . Effects of tilt and motion on LNG and GTL process equipment for floating production[C]//GPA Europe Annal Conference. 2002.
52	Ishida T , Yoritsune T . Effects of ship motions on natural circulation of deep sea research reactor DRX[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2002, 215(1/2): 51-67.
53	张金红, 阎昌琪, 方红宇, 等 . 摇摆对水平管内气液两相流流型的影响[J]. 核科学与工程, 2007, 27(3): 206-212.
	Zhang J H , Yan C Q , Fang H Y , et al . Effects of rolling on gas-water two-phase flow in horizontal pipes[J]. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2007, 27(3): 206-212.
54	栾锋, 阎昌琪, 曹夏昕 . 摇摆对竖直管内气-水两相流流型的影响分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2007, 28(S1): 217-220.
	Luan F , Yan C Q , Cao X X . Research for rolling effects upon flow pattern of upward gas-water flow in vertical tubes[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2007, 28(S1): 217-220.
55	Shin C W , No H C . Experimental study for pressure drop and flow instability of two-phase flow in the PCHE-type steam generator for SMRs[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2017, 318: 109-118.
56	Duan Z , Ren T , Ding G , et al . A dynamic model for FLNG spiral wound heat exchanger with multiple phase-change streams based on moving boundary method [J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2016, 34: 657-669.
57	Ren Y , Cai W , Jiang Y . Numerical study on shell-side flow and heat transfer of spiral-wound heat exchanger under sloshing working conditions [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 134: 287-297.
58	Ding C , Hu H T , Ding G L , et al . Influences of tube pitches on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of two-phase propane flow boiling in shell side of LNG spiral wound heat exchanger [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018,131(25): 270-283.
59	朱建鲁, 常学煜, 韩辉, 等 . FLNG绕管式换热器晃动实验分析[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(9): 3358-3367.
	Zhu J L , Chang X Y , Han H , et al . Experimental study on effect of sloshing on performance of heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2017, 68(9): 3358-3367.
60	Sun C , Li Y , Zhu J , et al . Experimental tube-side pressure drop characteristics of FLNG spiral wound heat exchanger under sloshing conditions[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2017, 88: 194-201.
61	Ren Y , Cai W , Chen J , et al . The heat transfer characteristic of shell-side film flow in spiral wound heat exchanger under rolling working conditions [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 132(5): 233-244.
62	朱建鲁, 季鹏, 李玉星, 等 . 倾斜状态下板翅式换热器分配器工质分配特性的实验研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2014, 35(4): 25-33.
	Zhu J L , Ji P , Li Y X , et al . Experimental investigation on flow distribution in the header of plate-fin heat exchanger in tilt state[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2014, 35(4): 25-33.
63	Zheng W , Jiang Y , Cai W . Distribution characteristics of gas-liquid mixture in plate-fin heat exchangers under sloshing conditions[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2018, 101: 115-127.
64	朱建鲁, 李玉星, 王武昌, 等 . 晃荡条件下氮膨胀液化过程冷箱运行可靠性[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(4): 1183-1189.
	Zhu J L , Li Y X , Wang W C , et al . Reliability experiments in a cold box with nitrogen expansion liquefaction process running under sloshing conditions[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(4): 1183-1189.
65	Yan B H , Yu L . Theoretical research for the influence of rolling upon turbulent flow heat transfer[C]//Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Symbiotic Nuclear Power Systems for 21st Century, China. Harbin: Harbin Engineering University，2008: 174-178．
66	Wang X , Zhang N . Numerical analysis of heat transfer in pulsating turbulent flow in a pipe[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2005, 48(19/20): 3957-3970.
67	Yu J C , Li Z X , Zhao T S . An analytical study of pulsating laminar heat convection in a circular tube with constant heat flux[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2004, 47(24): 5297-5301.
68	章晓龙 . 板翅式换热器物流分配特性的研究进展[J]. 杭氧科技, 2017,(2): 14-18.
	Zhang X L . Progress on research of logistics distribution characteristics of plate fin heat exchangers[J]. Science & Technology in Hangyang, 2017,(2): 14-18.
69	Zhang Z , Li Y Z . CFD simulation on inlet configuration of plate-fin heat exchangers[J]. Cryogenics, 2003, 43(12): 673-678.
70	Appasaheb R , Bhasme B N , Maurya R S . A numerical investigation of fluid flow maldistribution in inlet header configuration of plate fin heat exchange[C]//5th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research, ICAER2015.Energy Procedia,2016: 267-275.
71	袁培, 姜国宝, 张菲妮, 等 . 板翅式换热器两相流分配器[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(S1): 31-36.
	Yuan P , Jiang G B , Zhang F N , et al . Two-phase distributor in plate fin heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2011, 62(S1): 31-36.
72	刘景成, 张树有, 徐敬华, 等 . 板翅换热器导流结构非线性映射与性能多目标优化[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(5): 1821-1830.
	Liu J C , Zhang S Y , Xu J H , et al . Non-linear mapping and multi-objective optimization of leading flow structure in plate-fin heat exchanger[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(5): 1821-1830.
73	张仲彬, 张浩, 郑孔桥 . 板式换热器分配区改造的数值模拟及场协同分析[J]. 东北电力大学学报, 2016, 36(1): 51-55.
	Zhang Z B , Zhang H , Zheng K Q . Numerical simulation and field coordination analysis of revamping distribution area of plate heat exchanger[J]. Journal of Northeast Dianli University, 2016, 36(1): 51-55.
74	Yuan P , Jiang G B , He Y L , et al . Performance simulation of a two-phase flow distributor for plate-fin heat exchanger [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 99(25): 1236-1245.
75	Li Y , Li Y X , Hu Q H , et al .Sloshing resistance and gas-liquid distribution performance in the entrance of LNG plate-fin heat exchangers[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 82(5): 182-193.
76	Koo G W , Lee S M , Kim K Y . Shape optimization of inlet part of a printed circuit heat exchanger using surrogate modeling [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014, 72(1): 90-96.
77	Jung J , Hwang G , Baek S , et al . Partial flow compensation by transverse bypass configuration in multi-channel cryogenic compact heat exchanger [J]. Cryogenics, 2012, 52(1): 19-26.
78	Baek S , Kim J H , Jeong S , et al . Development of highly effective cryogenic printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) with low axial conduction[J]. Cryogenics, 2012, 52(7/8/9): 366-374.
79	Aneesh A M , Atul S , Atul S , et al . Thermal-hydraulic characteristics and performance of 3D straight channel based printed circuit heat exchanger [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 98(5): 474-482.
80	Nagarajan V , Chen Y , Wang Q , et al . Hydraulic and thermal performances of a novel configuration of high temperature ceramic plate-fin heat exchanger[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 113: 589-602.

[1]	Shuangxing ZHANG, Fangchen LIU, Yifei ZHANG, Wenjing DU. Experimental study on phase change heat storage and release performance of R-134a pulsating heat pipe [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 165-171.
[2]	Yifei ZHANG, Fangchen LIU, Shuangxing ZHANG, Wenjing DU. Performance analysis of printed circuit heat exchanger for supercritical carbon dioxide [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 183-190.
[3]	Aiqiang CHEN, Yanqi DAI, Yue LIU, Bin LIU, Hanming WU. Influence of substrate temperature on HFE7100 droplet evaporation process [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 191-197.
[4]	Mingxi LIU, Yanpeng WU. Simulation analysis of effect of diameter and length of light pipes on heat transfer [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 206-212.
[5]	Zhiguo WANG, Meng XUE, Yushuang DONG, Tianzhen ZHANG, Xiaokai QIN, Qiang HAN. Numerical simulation and analysis of geothermal rock mass heat flow coupling based on fracture roughness characterization method [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 223-234.
[6]	He JIANG, Junfei YUAN, Lin WANG, Guyu XING. Experimental study on the effect of flow sharing cavity structure on phase change flow characteristics in microchannels [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 235-244.
[7]	Cheng CHENG, Zhongdi DUAN, Haoran SUN, Haitao HU, Hongxiang XUE. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of surface microstructure effect on crystallization fouling [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 74-86.
[8]	Yitong LI, Hang GUO, Hao CHEN, Fang YE. Study on operating conditions of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with non-uniform catalyst distributions [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3831-3840.
[9]	Yubing WANG, Jie LI, Hongbo ZHAN, Guangya ZHU, Dalin ZHANG. Experimental study on flow boiling heat transfer of R134a in mini channel with diamond pin fin array [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3797-3806.
[10]	Cong QI, Zi DING, Jie YU, Maoqing TANG, Lin LIANG. Study on solar thermoelectric power generation characteristics based on selective absorption nanofilm [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3921-3930.
[11]	Ke LI, Jian WEN, Biping XIN. Study on influence mechanism of vacuum multi-layer insulation coupled with vapor-cooled shield on self-pressurization process of liquid hydrogen storage tank [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(9): 3786-3796.
[12]	Tianhua CHEN, Zhaoxuan LIU, Qun HAN, Chengbin ZHANG, Wenming LI. Research progress and influencing factors of the heat transfer enhancement of spray cooling [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3149-3170.
[13]	Rui HONG, Baoqiang YUAN, Wenjing DU. Analysis on mechanism of heat transfer deterioration of supercritical carbon dioxide in vertical upward tube [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3309-3319.
[14]	Yue YANG, Dan ZHANG, Jugan ZHENG, Maoping TU, Qingzhong YANG. Experimental study on flash and mixing evaporation of aqueous NaCl solution [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(8): 3279-3291.
[15]	Ben ZHANG, Songbai WANG, Ziya WEI, Tingting HAO, Xuehu MA, Rongfu WEN. Capillary liquid film condensation and heat transfer enhancement driven by superhydrophilic porous metal structure [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2824-2835.