CIESC Journal ›› 2025, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (4): 1422-1431.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20241035

• Reviews and monographs • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Recent advances in the influence of mechanical pressure on the performance of lithium metal batteries

Di WU1,2(), Shipeng LIU2, Wenwei WANG1,2, Jiuchun JIANG1, Xiaoguang YANG1,2()   

  1. 1.Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong, China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-09-14 Revised:2024-10-12 Online:2025-05-12 Published:2025-04-25
  • Contact: Xiaoguang YANG

机械压力对锂金属电池性能影响的研究进展

吴迪1,2(), 刘世朋2, 王文伟1,2, 姜久春1, 杨晓光1,2()   

  1. 1.北京理工大学深圳汽车研究院,广东 深圳 518118
    2.北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京 100081
  • 通讯作者: 杨晓光
  • 作者简介:吴迪(1995—),男,博士研究生,w18832078582@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2404300);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52072039);深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20220530172601003)

Abstract:

Lithium metal batteries are widely recognized as one of the most promising technical pathways for driving innovation in high-energy-density battery technology due to their extremely high theoretical energy density. In response to different electrolyte systems (liquid/solid), the different stress states and material characteristics within lithium metal batteries lead to distinct core challenges. In liquid electrolytes, the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites needs to be focused on, while in solid systems, the contact of solid-solid interfaces needs to be focused on first. This article systematically examines how external pressure and internal stress in lithium metal batteries with different electrolyte systems work together on the battery structure, thereby affecting its electrochemical performance and behavior. Through in-depth analysis, it reveals the key role of mechanical factors in promoting the improvement of battery performance. Finally, this article provides a comprehensive review and evaluation of the mechanical fixtures widely used in the current field of lithium metal battery research, summarizing the specific applications and effects of these tools in experimental research, aiming to provide strong technical support and theoretical guidance for the continuous development and commercialization process of lithium metal battery technology.

Key words: lithium metal batteries, lithium dendrites, mechano-electrochemistry coupling

摘要:

锂金属电池以其极高的理论能量密度被广泛认为是推动高能量密度电池技术革新最有前途的技术途径。针对不同的电解质体系(液态/固态),锂金属电池内部不同的应力状态与材料特性差异使得其所面临的核心挑战迥异。液态电解质中需要重点关注锂枝晶的不可控生长,而固态体系中则首先需要侧重于固-固界面的接触。系统综述了锂金属电池在不同电解质体系中,外部压力与内部应力如何共同作用于电池结构,进而影响其电化学性能与行为表现。通过深入剖析,分析了力学因素在促进电池性能提升中扮演的关键角色。最后,对当前锂金属电池研究领域内广泛采用的力学夹具技术进行了全面梳理与评估,总结了这些工具在实验研究中的具体应用与成效,旨在为锂金属电池技术的持续开发与商业化进程提供有力的技术支持与理论指导。

关键词: 锂金属电池, 锂枝晶, 力-电化学耦合

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