Abstract:

An emulsion matrix was mixed with 0%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% by the mass of KCl separately, and then expanded perlite and chemical foaming agent as sensitizing agent were used separately to make two groups of emulsion explosives. Their explosion shock waves were tested in water before and after compression by shock waves produced by the host charge underwater. The pressure desensitization degrees of these emulsion explosives were calculated with the peak pressure values of tested shock waves and compared, and the influence of KCl content was analyzed. Results show that when KCl content is between 0% and 2%, the pressure desensitization degrees of the emulsion explosives are unchanged; when KCl content is between 2% and 8%, KCl content shows strong influence, desensitization degree increases with the KCl content. It means that the anti-pressing performance of explosives is worse with the increase of KCl content, the change of the quality and crystallization point of dispersed phase is a factor to change the pressure desensitization degree. These results can provide reference for coal mine blasting and further study on mechanism of pressure desensitization.

Key words: explosions, emulsion explosive, sensitizing agent, pressure desensitization, crystallization, KCl

摘要：

在相同的乳胶基质中分别添加0%、2%、4%、6%和8%的KCl,再分别用膨胀珍珠岩和化学发泡剂敏化制备2组乳化炸药。测试各乳化炸药水中爆炸冲击波,得出它们未受压和受压后的爆炸冲击波压力峰值,利用波峰值计算乳化炸药的压力减敏度。依据压力减敏度数值,分析KCl含量对乳化炸药压力减敏作用的影响,并测试不同KCl含量下分散相的析晶点,分析不同KCl含量造成压力减敏变化的原因。结果表明:KCl含量在0%～2%之间时,乳化炸药的压力减敏度无明显变化,KCl含量在2%～8%之间时,KCl含量对乳化炸药的压力减敏度有较大影响,而且呈现出正线形相关性。

关键词: 爆炸, 乳化炸药, 敏化剂, 压力减敏, 结晶, 氯化钾