Abstract:

Accumulation of static electricity is one of the most serious potential hazard factors for transport and storage of flammable insulating fluids. The electrostatic accumulations rate of fluid flow by friction against solid walls is the key issue to reveal the essential characteristics of accumulation process. A rotating disk system was designed and fabricated for simulating the electrification and measuring the instantaneous electric charge of several common insulating fluids such as transformer oil. How the velocity, temperature and viscosity of the fluid contribute to the electrification rate was experimentally investigated under different conditions for these fluids. It is found that the electrification rate is substantially proportional to the linear velocity of fluid flow. Its relationship with temperature is complicated, showing the existence of a minimum electrification rate in a certain range of temperature. And the qualitative behavior that stronger insulating fluid has greater electrification rate has been verified quantitatively.

Key words: fluid electrostatic, electrification rate, flow rate, experimental validation, safety

摘要：

静电积聚是绝缘性易燃易爆流体的输运和存储最严重的潜在危险之一。研究流体与固体材料摩擦产生静电的速率是揭示流体静电积聚特性的关键问题。本文设计并搭建了一套旋转圆盘静电起电和测量系统,对常见的绝缘性油品如变压器油等多种流体进行了不同工况下的实验测试,获得了线速度、温度、流体黏度等因素对于起电速率的影响规律。实验结果表明,流体起电速率基本上均与流动线速度呈正比,而与温度的关系相对复杂,在一定的温区内存在最低起电速度所对应的温度。也定量地验证了绝缘性更强的流体起电速率更大这一定性特征。

关键词: 流体静电, 起电速率, 流动速度, 实验验证, 安全