Abstract: Anammox granular sludge was formed in an anoxic EGSB reactor, which was started up with the mixture of aerobic granular sludge and anammox biofilm. The reactor was operated under the regulation of key controlling factors, including substrate concentration and upflow velocity according to sludge properties and operating results. In this way, anammox granular sludge was formed faster. N removal efficiency, particle size distribution, granular surface morphology, internal structure and distribution of microorganisms were also determined. Mean granular size reached 0.556 mm after 80 d. NRR was 4.758 kg N·m^-3·d^-1 after 89 d. FISH analysis showed that anammox bacteria dominated the granular sludge. SEM and TEM showed that the granular sludge contained multiple gathered smaller granules with irregular shape and closely arranged internal structure.

Key words: anammox, granular sludge, granular size, N removal efficiency

摘要： 以好氧硝化颗粒污泥与厌氧氨氧化生物膜作为接种污泥，在缺氧条件下利用EGSB反应器培养厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥。根据反应器内污泥性状以及运行效果，随时调整反应器的进水基质浓度以及上升流速等关键控制因素，加快厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的快速形成。同时考察系统的脱氮效能、粒径分布、厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥表面形态以及内部结构与微生物分布情况。反应器运行80 d后，培养出成熟的厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥，平均粒径为0.556 mm；89 d时，总氮去除负荷达4.758 kg N·m^-3·d^-1。FISH表明颗粒污泥中厌氧氨氧化菌为优势菌种，同时SEM与TEM观察表明颗粒污泥是由多个小颗粒聚集形成，而且形状不规则，内部结构排列紧密。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 颗粒污泥, 粒径, 脱氮效能