Photovoltaic and thermal performance of solar PV/T system with phase change material

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191092

Abstract

Abstract:

This paper based on the phase change heat storage and release characteristics of phase change material (PCM). The fatty acid PCM is filled in a collector equipped with metal fins to regulate the temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) plate. The performance of photovoltaic/thermal-PCM (PV/T-PCM) system under different intermittent thermal regulation strategy is analyzed. Results show that PCM can effectively alleviate the temperature fluctuation of PV cells. However, the temperature stratification phenomenon of PCM is still serious which restricts the utilization rate of PCM. A reasonable thermal regulation strategy plays an important role in preventing overheating of PV cells in PV/T-PCM systems and improving system performance. The data shows that the PV conversion efficiency can be increased by 3.4% and 2.6% respectively with the control of the Case 2 (control temperature is set to 45℃, the regulation time is 30 min) and the Case 3 (control temperature is set to 50℃, the regulation time is 30 min). On the other hand, the total efficiencies of the system in Case 2 and Case 3 are 90.8% and 84.45%, which are significantly improved compared with Case 1 (no regulation).

Key words: solar energy, PV/T-PCM system, heat transfer, phase change material, regulation strategy

摘要：

利用相变材料（phase change material, PCM）的定温储放热特性，将脂肪酸类PCM填充在装有金属肋片的集热器中，对太阳能光伏（photovoltaic, PV）板进行温度调控，实验分析了不同间歇性热量调控策略下PV/T（photovoltaic/thermal）-PCM系统宏观性能。结果表明：PCM能有效缓解光伏电池的温度波动，但系统运行中PCM的温度分层现象较为严重，制约了其实际利用率；合理的热量调控策略对防止PV/T-PCM系统中光伏电池过热及提升系统性能至关重要，数据显示工况二（调控温度设为45℃，调控时长30 min）和工况三（调控温度设为50℃，调控时长30 min）在调控前后，其光电转换效率分别提升3.4%和2.6%；工况二对应的系统总效率为90.8%，工况三为84.45%，均在工况一（无调控）的基础上有显著提升。

关键词: 太阳能, PV/T-PCM 系统, 传热, 相变材料, 调控策略

CLC Number:

TK 123

Chenyu ZHANG, Ning WANG, Hongtao XU, Jianfei ZHANG, Meng CAO, Talkhoncheh Fariborz Karimi. Photovoltaic and thermal performance of solar PV/T system with phase change material[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S1): 361-367.

张晨宇, 王宁, 徐洪涛, 张剑飞, 曹萌. 基于相变材料的太阳能PV/T系统性能[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(S1): 361-367.

Figures/Tables 9

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实验工况	实验时间	调控标准	调控时长	水流量
工况一（2018-7-13）	9:30~14:30	—	—	—
工况二（2018-10-1）	10:00~15:00	T_Ⅰ-1=45℃	30 min	1.7 L·min^-1
工况三（2018-10-2）	10:00~15:00	T_Ⅰ-1=50℃	30 min	1.7 L·min^-1

实验工况	实验时间	调控标准	调控时长	水流量
工况一（2018-7-13）	9:30~14:30	—	—	—
工况二（2018-10-1）	10:00~15:00	T_Ⅰ-1=45℃	30 min	1.7 L·min^-1
工况三（2018-10-2）	10:00~15:00	T_Ⅰ-1=50℃	30 min	1.7 L·min^-1

测量仪器	型号	测量范围
T型热电偶	TT-T-30-SLE	-120~150℃
大气温度传感器	YGC-QW-24 V-A1	-20~50℃
辐射传感器	YGC-TBQ-24 V-A1	0~2000 W·m^-2
循环泵	ORS20-16G-320 W	最大流量110 L·min^-1
涡轮流量计	YYLED-DN20	40~250 L·h^-1
电子负载	IT8511A+	—
数据采集仪	NI 9213, NI 9203	—

测量仪器	型号	测量范围
T型热电偶	TT-T-30-SLE	-120~150℃
大气温度传感器	YGC-QW-24 V-A1	-20~50℃
辐射传感器	YGC-TBQ-24 V-A1	0~2000 W·m^-2
循环泵	ORS20-16G-320 W	最大流量110 L·min^-1
涡轮流量计	YYLED-DN20	40~250 L·h^-1
电子负载	IT8511A+	—
数据采集仪	NI 9213, NI 9203	—

实验工况	η_th /%	η_el /%			η_total /%
实验工况	η_th /%	调控前	调控后	平均	η_total /%
工况一	69.8	12.2	—	—	82.0
工况二	78.7	11.9	12.3	12.1	90.8
工况三	72.6	11.7	12.0	11.85	84.45