Abstract:

The charging process of marine steam accumulator involves complex mass and energy transfer process of vapor liquid two-phase.The charging characteristics of marine steam accumulator is crucial to the launch process of aircraft.The experiments of charging characteristics were carried out under different operating conditions with the help of a small steam accumulator experiment system.The results showed that the temperature of the water working medium appeared stratification phenomenon that the temperature of bottom water was lower and the temperature of top water was higher during the charging process.The pressure of steam accumulator decreased firstly and then turned to stable with the transient process that the state of the working medium became equilibrium from non-equilibrium after the charging process.The pressure drop ratio caused by unbalanced potential difference increased along with the decrease of the storage water quality and the increase of the charging energy per unit time.The charged steam flow,the initial pressure of charging and the water level had a significant influence on the charging characteristics of steam accumulator,so these parameters should be set reasonably in practical application according to the requirements of the launch.

Key words: marine steam accumulator, charging characteristics, thermodynamic process, phase change, heat transfer

摘要：

船用蒸汽蓄热器的充汽过程涉及复杂的汽液两相质量、能量传递过程,其充汽特性对于舰载机弹射过程至关重要。借助小型船用蒸汽蓄热器实验系统进行了不同运行条件下的充汽特性实验。实验结果表明:在充汽过程中工质水的温度出现了分层现象,蓄热器底层水温较低,上层水温较高;充汽结束后蓄热器压力随着其内部工质由非平衡态过渡为平衡态的过程出现反向降低并最终稳定的现象;由不均衡势差引起的压降比随着储存水质量的减小和单位时间注入能量的提升而变大;充汽流量、充汽初压、初始水位对蓄热器充汽特性影响显著,在实际应用中应结合弹射自身需求对工作参数进行合理设置。

关键词: 船用蒸汽蓄热器, 充汽特性, 热力学过程, 相变, 传热