Abstract:

Oil vapor leakage from the internal floating-roof tank will bring potential hazards to the safety and environment of the oil depot. Based on CFD and its Realizable k-ε turbulence model, the numerical simulation method of the wind field and the oil vapor concentration field of the internal floating-roof tank was established, and its feasibility was verified by the wind tunnel experiments. After that, focus on the flow field and concentration field distribution in the case of single tank, double tank and four tank. The results show that the greatest concentration of the oil vapor is found near the rim gap of the floating deck, which will be prone to fire and other dangers. There is interaction between tank groups. Because of the blocking effect of the front tank, the wind speed in the rear tank is smaller, which is easy to produce the oil vapor superposition, resulting in the concentration of the oil vapor in the rear tank is higher than that in the front tank, so it is easier to reach the explosion limit. Whether in terms of safety, environmental protection or personnel health, appropriate measures should be taken to timely monitor and control.

Key words: internal floating-roof tank, oil vapor, wind-tunnel, numerical simulation, diffusion, CFD

摘要：

内浮顶罐的油气泄漏会给油罐区的安全和环境带来潜在的危害。基于CFD及其Realizable k-ε湍流模型，建立了内浮顶罐的风场和油气浓度场数值模拟方法，并通过风洞实验验证其可行性。之后，重点讨论单罐、双罐、四罐情况下的流场与浓度场分布。结果显示：紧贴浮盘边圈缝隙泄漏上方的油气浓度最高，容易产生火灾等危险；罐组之间存在相互影响作用，由于前方罐的阻挡作用，后方的罐内风速较小，容易产生油气叠加，导致油气浓度高于前方罐，更容易达到爆炸极限。无论从安全、环保还是人员健康方面，都应采取相应措施及时监控。

关键词: 内浮顶罐, 油气, 风洞, 数值模拟, 扩散, 计算流体力学