Multi-objective optimization and performance analysis of structural parameters of open stern shaft lip seal

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240579

Abstract

Abstract:

The open-type stern shaft seal achieves long service life and efficient operation due to its excellent opening performance, but it is very easy to cause serious lip wear due to unreasonable lip structure. Taking the open stern shaft lip seal as the research object, a lip seal numerical analysis model is established to analyse the sealing performance of the open stern shaft lip seal, and multi-objective optimization analysis of lip structure using response surface methodology for lip sealing experiments. The results of the study show that the lip excess has the greatest impact on lip seal opening performance and life, followed by spring radial force, anterior labial angle and labial angle, and the lip opens when the blowback gas pressure is at least 1.3 times greater than the working pressure under multiple force loads. Lip opening performance and lip life are affected by rotational speed, and lip opening performance is positively correlated with lip life. For the open stern shaft lip seal, the lip structure parameters are reasonably designed. By dynamically adjusting the back-blowing gas pressure, the lip wear can be effectively reduced and the sealing performance can be greatly improved, and the dependence of the lip opening on the rotation speed can be reduced. The optimized parameter combinations are: lip overfill 1.5 mm, spring radial force 70 N, anterior labial angle 45°, labial angle 40°, and through the reasonable optimization of structural design, the comprehensive lip wear reduction performance is significantly improved, and the lip life is increased by 173%.

Key words: open stern shaft lip seal, numerical analysis, response surface methodology, optimised design, lip life, blowback gas, experimental verification

摘要：

开启式船舶艉轴密封因其优异的开启性能使得艉轴密封实现了长寿命高效运转，但因唇体结构设计不合理导致唇口磨损严重。以开启式艉轴唇形密封圈为研究对象，建立唇形密封数值分析模型，分析开启式艉轴唇形密封的密封性能，采用响应面法对唇体结构进行多目标优化分析，进行唇形密封试验。研究结果表明：唇口过盈量对唇形密封开启性能和寿命影响最大，其次是弹簧径向力、前唇角和后唇角；在多种力载荷作用下，反吹气体压力至少大于工作压力的1.3倍时，唇口开启。对开启式艉轴唇形密封合理设计唇口结构参数，通过实现动态调节反吹气体压力，可有效减少唇口磨损并极大改善密封性能，并降低唇口开启对转速的依赖。优化参数组合为：唇口过盈量1.5 mm、弹簧径向力70 N、前唇角45°、后唇角40°，通过合理地优化结构设计，综合唇口减磨性能提升明显，且唇口寿命提升173％。

关键词: 开启式艉轴唇形密封, 数值分析, 响应面法, 优化设计, 唇口寿命, 反吹气体, 试验验证

CLC Number:

TH 117

Zhichao GONG, Shuangxi LI, Fangjun LI, Zesheng HUANG, Keying XIAO. Multi-objective optimization and performance analysis of structural parameters of open stern shaft lip seal[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(12): 4689-4701.

弓志超, 李双喜, 李方俊, 黄泽盛, 肖可应. 开启式艉轴唇形密封结构参数多目标优化及性能分析[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(12): 4689-4701.

Figures/Tables 18

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参数	数值
唇口腰厚 t/mm	2.32
前唇角 α/(°)	35~55
后唇角 β/(°)	20~40
单边过盈量δ/mm	0.2~2.0
固定端转角γ/(°)	15
唇尖内径D_C1/mm	297.0
装配轴直径 D_C/mm	300.0
吊带弹簧径向尺寸D_C2/mm	315.0

参数	数值
唇口腰厚 t/mm	2.32
前唇角 α/(°)	35~55
后唇角 β/(°)	20~40
单边过盈量δ/mm	0.2~2.0
固定端转角γ/(°)	15
唇尖内径D_C1/mm	297.0
装配轴直径 D_C/mm	300.0
吊带弹簧径向尺寸D_C2/mm	315.0

设计变量	上限	下限
α/(°)	50	45
β/(°)	40	30
δ/mm	0.5	1.5
F_S/N	80	60
P_hs/MPa	0.15	0
n/(r/min)	800	0

设计变量	上限	下限
α/(°)	50	45
β/(°)	40	30
δ/mm	0.5	1.5
F_S/N	80	60
P_hs/MPa	0.15	0
n/(r/min)	800	0

No.	α/(°)	β/(°)	δ/mm	F_S/N	P_hs/MPa	n/ (r/min)	W_r/ (N·m)	ω_m /mg	σ_H /MPa
1	48	37	1.2	70	0.14	100	15	7.4	0.049
2	50	39	0.8	64	0.04	400	12	5.2	0.008
3	46	40	0.5	68	0.08	150	10.3	4.3	0.006
4	45	32	1.3	72	0.06	300	13	5.9	0.009
5	47	30	1.5	76	0.12	200	16	7.8	0.013
6	49	33	0.9	80	0.09	450	12	5.4	0.009
7	45	40	1.5	70	0.10	500	19	9.1	0.020
8	46	31	1.0	74	0.13	600	13	5.5	0.036
9	48	38	0.7	66	0.15	750	13	5.8	0.052
10	46	35	0.6	65	0.05	500	10	4.2	0.006
11	50	40	1.1	61	0.12	550	16	8.2	0.017
12	45	30	1.4	71	0.07	800	16	8.6	0.018
13	45	36	1.5	77	0.14	650	21	9.5	0.050
14	48	40	0.5	69	0.11	500	12	5.6	0.009
15	49	34	0.8	79	0.15	700	19	9.3	0.055