Oil shale is an important energy resource, and its huge reserves in the world provide the energy supplement of petroleum. An overview of oil shale research and development of oil shale in China is presented, and a detailed analysis of shale to oil refinery, separate combustion power generation and comprehensive utilization of ash and slag, points out that shale to oil refinery, oil shale char combustion power generation, comprehensive utilization of ash and slag can not only enhance oil shale comprehensive utilization efficiency, but also protect the environment.

Mixing in a stirred tank is a complicated unsteady turbulent process，which occurs in a confined space，and often with the strong processes of mass transfer，heat transfer and even chemical reaction. Many factors affect the stirring and mixing process in a stirred tank，making it difficult to analyze the process theoretically. This paper reviewed the development of flow measurement techniques used to study the stirring and mixing process in past several decades. Advantages of conventional measurement implements for the flow rate were discussed in detail. In addition，Particle image velocimetry （PIV），a new optical whole field velocity measurement technique was introduced in this paper. PIV has higher space- and time-resolution. PIV technique could have the advantages of obtaining 2D or 3D instant velocity fields，density field and temperature field of the mixing flow，and development of turbulent structure in the flow. Experimental studies using PIV can provide great help for building multi-phase flow model in the stirred tank，validating numerical simulated results and performing the optimal design of the stirred tank. In summary，the application of PIV should advance the research of chemical stirring and mixing technology.

This paper reviewed the module types：shear enhancing mechanism，permeability characteristics and economic evaluation of rotary shear-enhanced membrane ?ltration process (RSEMF). The advantages and drawbacks of the process were analyzed. It is recommended that the application of laser surveying instrument and computational fluid dynamics should be adopted for flow field observation and shear enhancing mechanism analyzing，and the critical flux and speci?c energy consumed per m3 of permeate are useful to analyze the permeability and evaluate the advantages of RESMF. To improve the performances of RESMF，more researches that are detailed should be conducted to investigate shear rate enhancement，module structure simplification，effective membrane surface increase， speci?c energy consumption decrease and the system cost. In addition， development of new modules，treatment of special solution with high concentration and the integration of RESMF and other types of membrane modules should also be considered as important factors.

This paper presented a numerical simulation of shell and tube heat exchanger fluid flow and coupled heat transfer. The structure of the heat exchanger currently being used in chemical industry was simplified. A numerical model of a shell and tube heat exchanger was established using ANSYS FLUENT14.0, under which the model was tested. Fluid velocity distribution, pressure drop conditions and temperature changes inside the heat exchanger tube were obtained and analyzed. This research could be beneficial to the design of heat exchanger with high heat transfer efficiencies and low fluid resistance.

Effective heat-transfer temperature difference (EHTD) was applied in the investigation of the heat-transfer enhancement theory with laminar flow in heat exchanger. Investigation was performed on the phenomenon, details and the law of EHTD, which reveals the intrinsic mechanism of laminar heat transfer enhancement with inserts. The suitable utilization method of the slowly varying characteristic of EHTD was discussed, and the optimization approach to improve EHTD was put forward. Collaborative heat-transfer enhancement mechanism for rough rib surface with inserts in heat-transfer channels was analyzed, which reveals the effect and law of EHTD improved by the rough rib surface in laminar flow.

Based on CAI-temperature integral approximation, more accurate than traditional FWO temperature integral approximation, and Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear regression, the kinetic parameters of two kinds of PCB respectively were simulated with 1st Opt universal global optimization mathematic software. Pyrolysis experiment was implemented in thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) and the results were compared with kinetic model study. The results showed that：①The apparent activation energy , the pre-exponential factor , and reaction order were 250.0 kJ/mol, 9.495×1019 min?1, 7.0 for FR4-type PCB; 183.42 kJ/molkJ/mol, 8.250×1010 min?1, 0 for Telfon-type PCB. ② The models for Telfon-type PCB were in good agreement with the experimental results. The models for FR4-type PCB agreed quite well with the experimental data in the main pyrolysis temperature zone, but showed some differentiation after thermogravimetric loss rate was less than 0.2.

With the method of mechanical pressure in inhaled segment of the ejector，a new approach to improve the ejecting performance of the system was discussed. The analysis of the experimental data indicated that the ejecting performance can be improved after mechanical pressurization，and the ejecting performance improved more obviously as the working water temperature increased with the new method. The suction steam flow is 3.80—5.35 times of the traditional system while the working water temperature is greater than or equal to 75 ℃，and the change value of ejective temperature was increased by 1.3—5.5 ℃，the absorbed heat of the unit working water is 2803—5051 kJ/kg higher than that of traditional method. Moreover，the cost effectiveness was 20 times higher than that of the consumption of electricity compared with the traditional method.

The turbulent flow and heat transfer characteristics in tubes with grooved helical lobe rotors of different dip angles were numerically studied. The simulation was based on the RNG turbulence model. SIMPLE algorithm was employed for the coupling between velocity and pressure，and the enhanced wall treatment was applied on the flow and heat transfer of the inner wall of tube side. The velocity field，temperature field and turbulence intensity of tube side were analyzed at a volume flow rate of 2.6m3/h in tube side inlet. Results indicated that the grooved helical lobe rotor could induce a swirling flow，and enhance the tube side convective heat transfer. Considering both heat transfer rate and friction factor，the performance evaluation criteria （PEC） of rotors with different dip angles were compared，rotor with dip angle of 60° had the best thermal performance characteristic.

Numerical simulation of three dimensional gas flow field in the corrugated plate packing was investigated using the Fluent software and RNG turbulence model. The results showed that, after the gas enters in the bottom of packing, most of the gas went through wave of the plate, with higher gas velocity and lower pressure drop; while only a small part of gas entered in the peak wave of corrugated plate, and then flow tortuously towards the outlet, with smaller velocity and higher pressure drop. The simulation value of dry plate pressure drop agreed well with the Billet model prediction and experiment data in different gas kinetic energy factors. For the ideal corrugated plate packing model, when the gas arrived to the tower wall, it would change direction to flow along the corrugated inclination of the adjacent plate; however, this type of packing would appear wall flow phenomenon in practical application. Research in this paper could be used in guiding the construction, modification and application of corrugated plate packing.

In an S type vertical sieve tray fluidized bed, a study on cold model experiment of the behavior of gas-solid fluidization was carried out, using FCC catalysts and room air as the fluidizing medium. The impacts of parameters such as the gas velocity of tray hole, the solid circulation volume and the cap structure on the tray pressure drop and particle lift rate through caps were investigated, and particle lift rate through caps was measured with self-developed particle lift rate collector. The results showed that：the bed pressure drop increased with the gas velocity of tray hole and the cap bottom gap height increasing, and decreased with the tray hole diameter, the hole diameter and opening rate of caps increasing. Particle lift rate through caps increased with the increases of tray hole gas velocity, the solid circulation volume, the tray hole diameter and the cap bottom gap height, and decreased when the cap hole diameter increased to a certain point.

In order to make further study on the electrohydrodynamic enhancement mechanisms of boiling heat transfer, the shape of boiling bubbles when departing wall in the nonuniform electric field was visually investigated with a high-speed camera. The bubble shape when departing the wall was observed in the nonuniform electric field. The bubbles leaving the wall were basically spherical in shape without the high voltage electric field. The bubbles leaving the wall were elliptical in shape in electric field. When electric field strength was increased, the bubble elongation along the field direction was more obvious. The growth of bubbles was mainly affected by the inertial force and surface tension control without electric field. When electric field was applied, the bubble force increased by the action of electric field force. Electrical stress in the equatorial direction compressed the bubbles in the polar axis direction tensile bubble. Under the action of the electric field, the bubbles were changed from spherical to ellipsoidal in shape. As the field strength increased, the bubble by electrical stress increased, the bubble detachment wall along the field direction of elongation became more obvious. When the voltagewas applied, the bubble detachment frequency increased with the field strength. When the electric field intensity was at 1.4 kV/mm, the bubble detachment frequency was as 1.85 times higher, compared to the situation without electric field. The experimental results showed that electric fields had obvious effects on the behavior of the bubbles.

Precipitation of calcium and magnesium from seawater using CO2，the seawater of pH value in 8，the effects of the temperature and salinity were investigated in this research. When the salinity of seawater was 35‰，the removal rate of calcium increased from 90% to 95% when the temperature from 30 ℃ to 50 ℃. Meanwhile，the removal rate of magnesium was increased from 0 to 42%; the removal rate of calcium and magnesium also increased with the increasing temperature. When the temperature of seawater was 30 ℃，removal rate of calcium increased from 90% to 97% when salinity increased from 35‰ to 105‰. The removal rate of magnesium increased from 0 to 67%, the removal rate of calcium and magnesium increased with the increasing salinity as well. Solids precipitation was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The composition of precipitated solids varied with the changes in temperature and salinity. The optimum conditions of calcium removal from seawater under the experimental conditions in this paper were：temperature 30 ℃ and salinity 35‰.

The clean gasoline and diesel produced from biocrude hydro-upgrading will be an important development direction of biofuel technology in the future. The composition，characteristics of biocrude，and the current research and development of the biocrude technology are introduced. The development of fast pyrolysis，catalytic pyrolysis to produce biocrude and hydro-upgrading technology are discussed. The technology of biocrude oil production and its upgrading to cleaner transportation fuel is still in the phase of research and development，and there is still a big gap from now to the commercialization of the technology. The biocrude would occupy an important position in petroleum alternatives. China should speed up the pace of research and development，so as to realize commercialization and satisfy the increasing demand of transportation fuel.

A detail review of the scientific literature on kinetic modeling of vacuum gas oil (VGO) hydrocracking is presented in this paper. This review includes models based on the lumping technique, continuous mixtures, structure oriented lumping, and single event. The advantages and disadvantages of corresponding reaction networks are also reported. Meanwhile, the impact of kinetic parameters and other related experiment data on the accuracy for predicting detail product composition and product distribution based on experiment data and feed properties is described.

Rectisol technology licensed by both Linde AG and Lurgi AG is a gas purification method of removing acid gases including CO2，H2S，COS, by using cold methanol as solvent. Because of its excellent properties of selectivity, absorbency and operation stability, rectisol technology has been used in many fields, such as petrochemical, coal chemical, chemical fertilizer industries. In order to get comprehensive understanding of Rectisol technology, in this paper the performance characteristics of Rectisol technology and its existing problems in industrial applications are introduced. The progress in applications of rectisol technology is summarized in the coal chemical industry, especially in the area of coal to methanol, coal to synthetic ammonia and coal to synthetic natural gas. In addition, the development trends of rectisol technology are also proposed. As for coal to methanol, rectisol technology has unique advantage in removing acid gas from the synthesis gas. As for coal to synthetic ammonia, it has great significance for energy saving and consumption reduction. As for coal to synthetic natural gas, it has also a good application potential in purification process, such as removing H2S, COS from the synthesis gas. In the future, attentionshould be paid to developing China’s acid gas removal process with independent intellectual property right.

The water content of the feed gas in dehydration system for a natural gas purification plant located in northern Shaanxi was too high and product gas could not meet the national standard. In order to resolve the problem ChemCAD was used to simulate the whole process and analyze the main influence factors. The best optimized operating parameters were as follows：the circulation quantity of TEG was 6.16m3/h, the temperature of feed gas was 33℃. Some professional software containing FRI, HTRI, Pipe Flow Expert and so on were used to optimize the relevant key equipment and pipelines after system transformation. The calculation result demonstrated that hydrodynamic parameters of TEG contactor would satisfy the operation requirement. The duty of jacketed pipe exchanger was deficient. The contrast analysis result showed that the selection of an efficient plate heat exchanger to replace the jacketed pipe exchanger in service was an economical and reasonable optimization method. The bundle finning ratio of feed gas precooler needed to be increased to improve heat transfer in order to be qualified for the specified heat demand. The above conclusions provided a reliable theoretical proof for dehydration system optimization and valuable reference for the same types.

The research progress of isomerization of straight unsaturated fatty acids to branched-chain isomers is summarized, and the mechanism of the formation of branched-chain isomers, the isomerizing catalyst used such as clay and zeolite, the principle of screening for the catalyst are reviewed. All sorts of zeolite commonly used for fatty acids isomerization reaction and existing synthesis processes are discussed. Some kinds of separation technologies for fatty acids are compared, including distillation separation, solvent crystallization, urea complexation and supercritical fluid extraction. The key issue of zeolite-catalyed process of branched-chain fatty acids is to resolve the reaction selectivity problem when mixed fatty acids are used as raw materials. Related basic studies, such as more explicit reaction mechanism and effects of catalyst structure parameters on the reaction, are the future research directions.

Br?nsted-Lewis acidic ionic liquids are a novel type of catalysts which combine the characters of the Br?nsted-Lewis solid acids and the ionic liquids. Three characteristics of the B-L acidic ionic liquids are summarized in this paper based on the advance of synthetic route, characterization methods and applications of them nowadays. First, the B-L acidic ionic liquids make it possible that a step-by-step reaction is completed in one pot, in which B acid and L acid were added separately in different steps. Furthermore, a synergetic effect of B and L acid sites enhances the catalytic performance, which makes the B-L acidic ionic liquids raise the substrate conversion or product selectivity. The last but not the least, the B-L acidic ionic liquids have better performance in mass transfer and diffusion than B-L solid acids. These above features make the B-L acidic ionic liquids become a competitor of traditional acid catalysts, which reveals that the B-L acidic ionic liquids have good development prospects in industrial catalysis field.

Zeolite Beta is a novel catalytic material with broad application prospect. A concise review about the progress of Zeolite Beta synthesis is conducted, including raw materials, synthesis process, the synthesis of polymorph and novel composite material, the advantage and shortcoming of these synthesis processes are particularly analyzed. The perspective of zeolite Beta synthesis is also discussed. It is pointed out that the costs of zeolite Beta will become cheaper with the progress in raw materials development and synthesis process. In addition, the explorations of the synthesis method for polymorph A and the composite material with special structure-activity relationship are of great importance.

This paper reviews the recent experimental and theoretical advances in the surface structure and reaction of Pd-based catalysts, the role of Au and the reaction mechanism for Vinyl Acetate (VAc) Synthesis, which focuses on the study regarding Pd-Au catalyst. The common conclusion and existing problems through different research methods is analyzed and compared. Experiment methods, such as in-suit reaction and characterization technique, on Pd-based single crystal models combined with the theoretical calculation, such as molecular simulation on model catalysts, give a clear understanding of the structure-activity relationship, thus the limitations to synthesize microstructure-controllable catalysts can be overcome, which will also be the main focus of future research in this area.

ZSM-22 and ZSM-23 zeolites were synthesized via conventional hydrothermal methods. Then，two kinds of catalysts contained aforementioned molecular sieves were prepared respectively. The typical structure and acidity of molecular sieves and catalysts were characterized by using XRD，SEM，NH3-TPD and Py-IR. Then the hydroisomerization performance of these catalysts was studied in a continuous down-flow fixed bed，a stainless steel tubular reactor，where n-dodecane was chosen as the probe molecule. The reaction results indicated that the activity of the catalysts mainly depended on their acid quantity，acid intensity and acid distribution. ZSM-22 zeolite based catalyst with the relative higher amount of weak and mild acid sites exhibited better hydroisomerization selectivity than ZSM-23 zeolite based catalyst.

ZnF2/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method. The effect of the Al2O3 support calcination temperature on catalytic performance for the vapor phase hydrofluorination of tetrachloroethylene was studied. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, Raman, NH3-TPD and BET techniques. The results show that ?-Al2O3 started to transform to ?-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 at 900 ℃. ?-Al2O3 reaches to its maximum at 1100℃. By further increasing the calcination temperature, all ?-Al2O3 transformed to α-Al2O3. The highest activity was obtained on a ZnF2/Al2O3 catalyst with the Al2O3 support calcined at 1110 ℃. The conversion of tetrachloroethylene was 45.7% and the selectivity to HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-three ethyl fluoride) and HCFC-124(2-chloro-1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane) was 48.2% at a reaction temperature of 300 ℃.

With brown granulated sugar as the raw material，5-hydroxymethyl furfural were prepared by using S2O82-/ZrO2-M2O3(M=Al, Fe) as a solid superacid catalyst. The effect of technological condition, such as catalyst calcination time, brown granulated sugar concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst dosage, on the relative yield of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is investigated. Orthogonal experiment is adopted to determine the optimal condition. The result shows that the best relative yield of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is 41.43% under the optimal condition: the catalyst calcination time of 120 mins, brown granulated sugar concentration of 10 g/L, reaction temperature of 200 ℃, reaction time of 40 mins, and the catalyst dosage of 15%.

Due to the dual roles of CO2 as a main greenhouse gas and a renewable C1 carbon source, research on CO2 adsorption and separation is of great importance to both academic interests, and social and economic progresses. Based on various kinds of porous materials with distinct structural parameters, this paper reviews the recent development of novel porous CO2 sorbents and their sorption behavior. Porous carbons possess controllable micro/macroscopic morphology, tunable pore structure and good stability. Molecular sieves have rich microporosity with concentrated pore size distribution. Metal-organic frameworks and porous polymers offer a great variety of products, representing newly emerging CO2 capture materials. In addition, key issues on structure effect of new sorbents on high efficiency CO2 capture under actual conditions are discussed. Finally, perspectives on how to design the composite and the quantitative analysis of pore structure contributing to sorption capacity are provided.

Hydrogels are there-dimensional polymer network in which the voids are filled with water. Hydrogels have been widely used in various fields including biomedical engineering. However，they have very limited applicability due to their poor mechanical strength. Therefore，many efforts have been focused on the enhancement of mechanical properties of hydrogels. This review mainly introduces some novel high strength hydrogels，such as slide-ring hydrogels，double network hydrogels，composite hydrogels and others and analyzes the factors affecting mechanical properties of hydrogels. Biocompatible，degradable，injectable，loading growth factor and high strength hydrogels as major research directions.

In addition to a high porosity and specific area, foam SiC ceramic materials possess other characteristics, for example, low density, good thermal, mechanical, electrical and acoustical properties. All the characteristics make them attractive for a wide range of applications in chemical industry, machinery, bio-field and environmental protection. In this paper, several main fabrication techniques of foam SiC ceramic materials are summarized, including powder sintering, solid state reaction sintering, silicon resin pyrolysis and chemical vapor deposition. Some excellent properties of SiC foams, for example, special three-dimensional reticular structure, fluid resistance, oxidation resistance, ability of absorbing microwave are reviewed. Examples of application for the foam materials, such as catalysis, filtration, biological and so on are introduced. In addition, application of SiC foams as column internals for chemical industry is presented. Higher demand for SiC foams requires not only integration and renovation of current technologies, but also development of their potential advantages.

Lithium rich Li1.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56O2 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries were synthesized by three different methods：a spray-drying method, a co-precipitation method and a solid-state reaction method. Electrochemical tests show that the sample prepared by the spray-drying method presents the best cycling performance with discharge capacity of 153.4 mA?h?g－1 at 1 C rate. No degradation was observed after 50 cycles. While the samples prepared by the co-precipitation method and the solid-state reaction method delivered the capacity of 133.5 mA?h?g－1 and 123.6 mA?h? g－1, respectively, after 50 cycles under 1 C rate charge-discharge. The results of ICP measurements indicate that only the composition of the sample prepared by the spray-drying method can exactly consist with the formula Li1.2Ni0.17Co0.07Mn0.56O2. Furthermore, FSEM observation shows that the sample by spray-drying method has smaller particle size with even particle size distribution, which would benefit its electrochemical performance.

PET/PVA composite nanofiber was fabricated by electrospinning，and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde vapor. The morphology of the nanofiber was characterized by SEM，and the properties of the product were measured by thermal analysis (DSC)，water contact angle and tensile test. The results showed that the PET/PVA composite nanofiber membrane had good mechanical properties and excellent hydrophilicity.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)，a hemoprotein reductase，or in older notation，triphosphopyridine nucleotide is one of the most abundant redox cofactors in the metabolic network. It is the main electron donor in anabolism and is mainly used in the biosynthesis of biomass precursors. As an important branch of metabolism engineering，cofactor engineering changes the NADPH regeneration pathways and rebuilds the components of metabolic products. In this paper，we introduce the pathways in which NADPH is generated and reviewed the strategies to operate NADPH，including overexpression of enzymes，deletion of genes associated with NADPH metabolism or introduction of heterogeneous NADPH metabolic pathways. More attention should be focused on deeper understanding of the interplay between the operation of NADPH and central carbon metabolic networks in the future.

N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium) propyl] chitosan chloride (HTCC) was synthesized by quaternisation and the folate group was conjugated on the N-quarternary ammonium chitosan. The target product was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. The result showed that both HTCC and FA-HTCC had good water solubility. Particle size and zeta potential were 188 nm and 15.4 mV at N/P ratio of 4. In contrast with other carriers, FA-HTCC had comparatively high transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity on Hela cells in vitro.

Six pinonic acid esters were synthesized from one-pot ozonolysis reaction using α-pinene and alcohol as raw materials, dichloromethane as solvent, and decomposition of the prepared ozonide by acetic anhydride (AA) with triethylamine (TEA) as catalyst. The influences of acetic anhydride quantity, triethylamine quantity, reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. The synthesis conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The optimized conditions were as follows：nAA/nα-pinene = 3.0∶1, nTEA/nα-pinene = 0.75∶1, time and temperature 60 min and 30 ℃ respectively. The yields of six pinonic acid esters were above 60%. The structures of the six pinonic acid esters were identified and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. This method was a convenient and efficient way to synthesize pinonic acid esters, which had such advantages as simple operation, mild conditions and high yields.

Acetone and ethylene glycol compound, as a new photoinitiating system for the photo-polymerizing of acrylamide(AM) to polyacrylamide(PAM), was discussed. The UV spectrum of initiator system was measured. The influence of reaction conditions on polymerization was studied. UV absorbance of acetone and ethylene glycol compound wavelength ranges from 240 nm to 295 nm. The optimal polymerization condition was determined as follows：mass ratio of acetone to ethylene glycol 1∶1, the dosage of initiator 2 mL/L, the mass content of monomer 30%～35%, the dosage of EDTA 0.04%, and radiating time 60～80 mins, under which the conversion of the monomers was 95%～97%. The viscosity average molecular weight of PAM was up to (5.5～7.5)×106.

The current situations about lubricant biodegradation of mineral lubricant，synthetic lubricant and vegetable lubricant were summarized in this paper，with a highlight of the diversity of lubricant. The main aspect of the lubricant study is focused on the development and evaluation of degradable lubricant. However，environmental friendly treatment of nonrenewable lubricant had less attention in current research. The current work of nonrenewable lubricant is mainly focused on the biodegradability research. However，improving strains and constructing multiple colonies aiming at promoting the ability and efficiency could be more effective ways of lubricant degradation. Developing an efficient，economical and applicative biodegradation technique would be the goal of future research. Synthetic lubricant and vegetable lubricant with high potential of biodegradability would be valuable in research and application.

Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is an acutely poisonous pollutant，which might damage human health and atmospheric environment. The HCN-containing exhaust gases are commonly released to the air from nitrogen-containing fuel combustion，chemical processing，metallurgy，and vehicle exhaust emissions. This paper reviewed the recent progress of HCN removal technologies，including absorption，adsorption，combustion，catalytic oxidation and catalytic hydrolysis. The principle，applications，advantages and disadvantages of HCN removal were also analyzed. For high concentration HCN-containing exhaust gases，absorption and combustion have the advantages of high removal efficiency and simple purification processes. The decyanation agents of other processes are normally active at high temperatures，and the regeneration is relatively complicated. However，the secondary pollution is low compared to adsorption and combustion processes; therefore，it could have advantages in precise decyanation. The combined application of various removal technologies in the future can not only remove HCN effectively，but also recover and utilize high concentration CO which can be used as a raw material gas in chemical industry. Even though the combined applications may still have some obstacle，such as relatively high cost and difficulties in control technology，it is still a new development trend with bright prospects for HCN removal.

In this study，automatic sulfur determination analyzer (XK-5000) was used to investigate loading behavior of sulfur- containing model compounds on the different carriers (active carbon，active alumina and silicon dioxide)，the effects of solvents on the absorption ability，and sulfur release behavior of those compounds during combustion process. Results showed that XK-5000 appeared higher repeatability and stability for the sulfur determination; the absorption ability of active carbon to 2-methylthiophene and phenyl sulfide was better than that of active alumina and silicon dioxide; while acetone can promote sulfur compounds absorption on all those carriers，however the effect on active alumina is the most remarkable; the sulfur release rate of phenyl sulfide faster than 2-methylthiophene during combustion process.

LY-9802 was applied in a newly built 2nd stage pyrolysis gasoline hydrogenation unit in a large-scale jointly invested petrochemical enterprise. Result showed that the first regeneration cycle was 31 months. Under the inlet temperature of 225－241℃, pressure of 2.67MPa, raw rate of 33－48 t/h, sulfur content of hydrogenation production is less than 0.2mg/kg, BrV is less than 0.1gBr/100g. After regeneration, the catalyst has run stably for 3 month so far. Under the inlet temperature of 248 ℃, pressure of 2.67MPa, raw rate of 46t/h, sulfur content of hydrogenation production is less than 0.2mg/kg, BrV is less than 0.1gBr/100g.

The silicone rubber products blooming has been characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as time of flight-mass spectrometer (TOF-MS). The blooming is found to be tripolymer and tetrapolymer of diphenyl silandiol, a kind of structural control agent in the rubber. There is more tripolymer than tetrapolymer in the bloom. The bloom is the same as the impuries in GRC but the impuries in GRC are not the main source resulted in the blooming. It may be resulted from the difference of granularity of GRC materials according to the results of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and laser diffraction particle analyzer. The bigger GRC grains are more inlcined to dehydrate and self-polymerize, then resulting in blooming.

Nitrogen oxides are one of the state total pollutant control objective in the 12th five-year period. The paper summarizes the development of denitrification industry of power plant in China. Based on the discharge status and control regulations of nitrogen oxides from thermal power plant，the current NOx control technology and profiles of domestic and foreign companies are presented，and the industry market characteristics and main existing problems are analyzed. Finally，China’s thermal power plant flue gas denitrification is at a high-speed development period. Denitrification is a huge market and the denitrification catalyst research should be intensified.

The pulp and paper industry is a traditional industry for Sweden, and its black liquor processing technology is at the top level in the world. In this article, the situation of the black liquor processing is introduced, and Black Liquor Gasification (BLG) is illustrated. Meanwhile, the Swedish Chemrec company’s BLG technology, the bio-DME pilot project of European Union and the commerial BLG bio-DME plant are introduced as the main case studies. It shows that producing DME through black liquor has certain economic competitiveness.

Based on Chinese patents of invention, with patentometric indicators, an overview of the liquid crystal display (LCD) upstream industry is presented. The results show that the LCD industry in China has good development prospect. Companies from a few countries are the owners of most related patents in China. Patents on liquid crystal, materials used in liquid crystal alignment and materials for brightness enhancement film are reviewed. The key companies and their overall patent strategy layout are analyzed.