New temperature - dependencies are proposed for both the pseudocritical compressibility factor ξc and the temperature correction factor of the attractive parameter α inthe original CSPT equation. This modification yields accurate calculations of saturated properties at a low reduced temperature and of thermodynamic properties near the critical region. Excellent results are alse obtained in predicting thermodynamic properties of supercritical fluids.

In order to extend the applicability of the MCSPT equation to other substances including ether, ester, ketone, amine, nitrile etc. The characteristic parameters of the MCSPT equation A 1, A2, A3, A4 and A5 are generalized with acentric factor. w and critical compressibility factor Zc. Saturated properties for 72 substances and the enthalpies of vaporization for 151 substances, including strongly polar componds, are predicted by the generalized MCSPT equation. The results show that of the generalized MCSPT equation is possessed of good adaptability and accuracy.

A systematic approach for predicting the hindrance factor of macromolecular diffusion in micropores is reported, simultaneously taking into account the molecular dimension and shape effects. The general theoretical fundamentals are described in term of the movement of a rigid spherical particle through a long circular cylindrical pore of comparable dimension. Modeled as one of six typical shapes, the shape effect of macromolecules is considered by defining a geometric characteristic radius to calculate the concentration partitioning coefficient and a hydrodynamic equivalent sphere radius to evaluate the hydrodynamic reverse drag coefficient, in substitution of the previously used Stokes -Einstein radius. The experimental tests for four macromolecules of typical shapes: dextrane, ficoll, polystyrene and bovine serum albumin, are carried out with the polycarbonate track-etched membranes. The quantitative comparison indicates that the results obtained from the theoretical calculation are consistent with the experimental data.

The pressure distribution and the flux factor of the hollow fiber membrane reactor are deduced as functions of a dimensionless number λ by a theoretical analysis of its operation modes of Ultrafiltration (UF), Recycling (RC) and Backflush (BF). In UF and BF modes, the pressure distributions are always below the value of the linear distribution and decrease with the increase of λ. In RC mode, the pressure distribution is axi-symmetrical at the center of the tube. The flux factors of the three modes decrease with the increase of λ, and the maximums are 100%, 50%, 25% respectively. The productivity of UF mode is higher than that of RC mode and lower than BF mode and all decrease with the increase of the reactor tube length.

In this paper, the two-dimensional models for the effectiveness factors of the cylindrical high temperature shift reaction catalyst WB -2, 9×7mm in size and possessing a dead zone, are developed. By orthogonal collocation method the models are solved and the average absolute deviations between the calculated effectiveness factors and those of experiments are 11. 50%, for the multicomponent diffusion model.

Plasma polymerization (or glow discharge polymerization) was employed to prepare superthin polymer film coating on brass tubes from monomers, such as, hexafluoro-propene (HFP) and hexmethyldisiloxane (HMDSO). The experimental results indicated that dropwise condensation of steam could take place. The effects of the discharge power and polymerization time on dropwise condensation heat transfer were investigated. The surface energy of the polymer surfaces was evaluated by the measured contact angles of liquids on the surfaces at room temperature. The thickness of all of the polymer films was less than 0.1μm, so the thermal resistance of the polymer film could be neglected.

The open turbine rotating disc contactor (OTRDC) is a novel rotary agitated extractor based on the rotating disc contactor (RDC) in order to handle systems with high solid particle content. Its structure is similar to the RDC except three narrow strips added on the lower surface of each rotating disc. A number of experiments on hydrodynamics and mass transfer for a water-kerosene-quartz particles system were carried out in a 52 mm diameter contactor with butyric acid as solute. The experimental results showed that the direction of mass transfer has some effect on the liquid dispersed phase holdup, solid phase holdup and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient. The correlation of characteristic velocity must be corrected under solute transfer conditions. The presence of solid particles will result in a smaller height of dispersion transfer units, but it may be unfavourable to the mass transfer in some cases.

Intermittent heating in drying is a way of improving energy utilization and enhancing the quality of some products. The temperature, moisture and stress distributions at different instants of intermittent drying were obtained by using the finite element method and Luikovs theory. Several examples were analyzed with this method. The numerical results were compared with prior experimental and theoretical results. This numerical simulation method could be used to schedule the optimal operation of an intermittent drying process.

The sorption mechanism of pure gases was extended to the sorption of binary mixtures in amorphous polymers by considering the effect of penetrant competition. The generalized model was supported by data of mixtures reported here for three systems (PMMA-CO2/ CH4,PMMA-C2H4/CH4and PS-C2H4/CH4) at the temperature of 308K.

The predictions of ternary liquid -liquid - alkanol equilibria of 10 water - alkane -alkanol systems were made from the activity coefficients of three components in miscible regions measured with Gas Chromatographic Headspace Analysis method. The UNIQUAC parameters were fitted to the measured activity coefficients and then used to predict ternary liquid - liquid equilibria. The mean square root errors were compared with those in literature and the results were quite be satisfactory. For the liquid -liquid equilibrium data of the cy-clohexane - 1-butanol -water system which was measured in this work the results of prediction are also good.

An extensive experimental investigation was made on liquid entrainment in vapor and heat transfer deterioration in falling film evaporation in a vertical tube with vapor up-flowing. It was discovered that the wall temperature in the inlet rose abruptly and fluctuated with increasing heat flux. A prediction correlation for heat transfer deterioration was developed by analyzing the mechanism and the influence factors.

Unsteady heat transfer in an adsorption bed with thermo - parametric pumping was studies. The temperature distribution in the adsorption bed was measured and compared with the results calculated with a model of unsteady heat transfer process developed by the authors. The period of a cycle for the separation process by parametric pumping from the viewpoint of heat transfer can be determined by an equation given in this paper.

An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were performed for the heat and mass transfer in the system of an adsorption heat pump cycle. The energy governing e-quation of the unsteady heat transfer in the adsorber was developed to simulate the pump cycle process. The simulated and experimental results were in good agreement. The heat transfer rate in the adsorber was proved to control the speed of the heat pump cycle. The structure of the metal fins inside the adsorber used to enhance heat transfer was simulated and studied. The theoretical model can be used to optimize the design of the adsorber.

An experimental investigation of heat transfer to highly viscous pseudoplastic fluids (K from 1. 6 to 13. 7 Pa·sn) in vertical tubes under constant heat flux was carried out. Experimental data of heat transfer through the flow and thermally developed region in 0. 016 and 0. 021m diameter pipes were collected and were compared with some previous work. The correlation taking into account the effect of both radial and axial variation of viscosity on heat transfer agreed with experimental data very well. Natural convection effect was insignificant because of high viscosity.

Both the theoretical and experimental studies on boiling heat transfer were carried out in a vapor -liquid -solid three phase vertical fludized bed. The boiling heat transfer characteristics for the three-phase fludized bed were investigated. A calculation method on theboiling heat transfer coefficients was proposed. The experimental results showed that the boiling heat transfer was enhanced due to the presence of the solid particles, that the boiling heat transfer coefficient of the three-phase fludized bed was about 2 times that of the vapor - liquid two -phase flow, and that the stability of the boiling process in the three-phase fludized bed was better than that in the vapor-liquid two-phase flow.

The heat tranfer and pressure drop performance of cross flow longitudinally finned tube banks heat exchanger are reported. The experimental information are presented and the influence of pitches is analyzed. The transversal pitch is a chief factor in flow friction of the tube banks. Increasing the transversal pitch can greatly decrease flow friction. Both transversal pitch and longitudinal pitch influence the heat transfer of longitudinally finned tube banks to the same degree. So a better performance of the tube banks can be obtained by increasing the transversal pitch in terms of lower flow friction and higher heat tranfer. For a longitudinally finned tube bank of St/D =3. 29 and SL/D =1. 6, the heat transfer coefficient can be increase by 9%-12. 5% and flow friction can be decrease by 15%-65% comparedwith the smooth tube bank of the same pitches. This paper also analyses the lower flow friction characteristcs of longitudinally finned tube banks and their enhanced heat transfer.

Liquid viscosities of reservoir crude oils of Fuyu and Huabei in China were measured at six temperatures and high pressures. The semitheoretical viscosity model developed by the authors for pure liquids was successfully extended to reservoir crude oil systems by applying simple empirical mixing rules. A Comparison of the viscosities predicted with the proposed model and those predicted with the commercial software package-STATPACK has been presented significant improvement was obtaived by LVIS.

Metal alkoxide hydrolysis was conducted into a vapor phase reactor. A hot nitro-gen flow in a mixing chamber carrying Ti (OC4H9)4 vapor, was mixed with a cold nitrogen low in a mixing chamber to generate submicron droplets. The droplets were hydrolysed with vater vapor at lower temperature to synthesize TiO2 ultrafine particles of high purity andnarrow size distribution. A mathematical model of perfectly mixed reactors (CSTR) in series was developed which was able to predict mean particle size as a function of operating conditions. Particle size was experimentally and theoretically found dependent on both fluid dynamic and thermodynamic conditions.

The surface pore structure of porous γ-A12O3 was investigated with SEM and adsorption methods. The SEM photos with different magnifications showed that the surface of γ - A12O3 particle was of self-similarity qualitatively. The monolayer values of different ad-sorbates were determined with the frontal gas chromatography. The surface pore structure was analyzed on the basis of fractal geometry and a fractal dimension of 2. 78 was calculated from the experimental data.

In the present work, an experimental research was carried out on the air-water two phase flow patterns and their transition characteristics in the shell-side of a segmentally baffled horizontal shell -tube heat exchanger model of horizontally-cut baffles. In the inlet crossflow zone, the two -phase flow was in vertical downflow across an in-line (square) horizontal tube bundle with a pitch to diameter ratio. p/D of 1. 28. The flow pattern sketch was obtained by visual observation. The flow pattern transition characteristics and their criteria were presented and dimensionless correlations for determining flow patterns were established.