废弃全钢胎颗粒热解过程中质量和形态变化研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241256

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

热解是废轮胎高值资源化利用的重要途径，研究废轮胎颗粒热解过程中质量及形态变化对于优化设计热解反应装置具有重要意义。基于自行搭建设计的光学图像分析可视化热解实验装置，开展了不同温度下轮胎颗粒热解过程中的质量及形态变化实验。研究结果表明，反应温度对热解反应速率具有显著影响。当温度从400℃升高至600℃时，最大热解反应速率提高了约1.9倍。此外，轮胎颗粒在热解过程中经历了先膨胀、再开裂、后塌缩的动态变化过程，开裂阶段伴随着质量的快速下降。同时，热解温度对膨胀倍率和失重速率峰值出现的时间间隔具有显著影响。

关键词: 废物处理, 轮胎颗粒, 污染, 热解, 失重, 光学图像分析, 形态变化

Abstract:

Pyrolysis is a crucial pathway for the high-value resource utilization of waste tires. The research on the mass and morphological changes of tire particles during the pyrolysis process is essential for optimizing the design of pyrolysis reactors. Based on the custom-built image analysis system, experiments on the mass and morphological changes of tire particles under different temperatures were conducted. The results indicated that reaction temperature had a significant influence on the pyrolysis rate. When the temperature increases from 400℃ to 600℃, the maximum pyrolysis rate was enhanced by approximately 1.9 times. In addition, the tire particles undergo a dynamic change process of expansion, cracking, and collapse during the pyrolysis process, and the cracking stage is accompanied by a rapid decrease in mass. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis temperature had a significant effect on the time interval between the appearance of peak expansion rate and mass loss rate.

Key words: waste treatment, tire particles, pollution, pyrolysis, mass loss, macro-optical image analysis, morphological changes

中图分类号:

TE 992.3

王树宇, 薛志亮, 朱静, 付鑫, 周永刚, 胡一鸣, 黄群星. 废弃全钢胎颗粒热解过程中质量和形态变化研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(7): 3459-3467.

Shuyu WANG, Zhiliang XUE, Jing ZHU, Xin FU, Yonggang ZHOU, Yiming HU, Qunxing HUANG. Experimental study on mass and morphological character during scrap tire pyrolysis[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(7): 3459-3467.

图/表 12

表1 废轮胎颗粒工业分析与元素分析

Table 1 Proximate analysis and ultimate analysis of tire particles

工业分析/%				Q_b,_ad/(J/g)	元素分析/%
M_ad	A_ad	V_ad	FC_ad	Q_b,_ad/(J/g)	C_ad	H_ad	N_ad	S_ad	O_ad
1.12	6.39	62.67	29.82	37020.4	78.96	7.08	1.01	2.08	3.36

图1 热解实验装置

Fig.1 Experimental setup for pyrolysis

图2 轮胎颗粒图像处理逻辑图

Fig.2 Image processing logic diagram of tire particles

图3 轮胎颗粒图像提取过程

Fig.3 Image extraction process of tire particles

图4 轮胎颗粒在不同温度下的质量变化曲线

Fig.4 Mass change curves of tire particles at different temperatures

图5 轮胎颗粒在不同温度下的失重速率曲线

Fig.5 Mass loss rate curves of tire particles at different temperatures

图6 不同温度下轮胎颗粒形态变化过程

Fig.6 Morphological changes of tire particles at different temperatures

图7 不同热解温度下轮胎颗粒膨胀倍率曲线

Fig.7 Expansion ratio curves of tire particles at different temperatures

图8 轮胎颗粒热解过程中形态变化示意图

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of the morphological changes of tire particles during the pyrolysis process

图9 不同温度下轮胎颗粒膨胀倍率与质量变化曲线

Fig.9 Expansion ratio and mass change curves of tire particles at different temperatures

图10 不同温度下轮胎颗粒膨胀速率与失重速率曲线

Fig.10 Expansion rate and mass loss rate curves of tire particles at different temperature

图11 典型的螺旋式热解反应器

Fig.11 A typical spiral pyrolysis reactor

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