PVDF中空纤维换热管超疏水表面强化蒸气滴状冷凝传热

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181053

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (4): 1331-1339.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181053

PVDF中空纤维换热管超疏水表面强化蒸气滴状冷凝传热

柴叶霞^1,²(),陈华艳^1,³(),贾悦^1,³,李丹丹^1,²,武春瑞^1,³,吕晓龙^1,³

1. 省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室，天津 300387
2. 天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院，天津 300387
3. 天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院，天津 300387

收稿日期:2018-09-19 修回日期:2018-11-01 出版日期:2019-04-05 发布日期:2019-04-05
通讯作者: 陈华艳
作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">柴叶霞</named-content>（1992—），女，硕士研究生，<email>821246765@qq.com</email>|陈华艳（1978—）,女，副研究员，<email>chenhuayan@tjpu.edu.cn</email>
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51408415);天津市自然科学基金项目(17JCYBJC17400)

Enhancement on steam dropwise condensation heat transfer with superhydrophobic surfaces of PVDF hollow fiber heat exchange tubes

Yexia CHAI^1,²(),Huayan CHEN^1,³(),Yue JIA^1,³,Dandan LI^1,²,Chunrui WU^1,³,Xiaolong LYU^1,³

1. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin 300387, China
2. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received:2018-09-19 Revised:2018-11-01 Online:2019-04-05 Published:2019-04-05
Contact: Huayan CHEN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高塑料换热管的传热性能，通过两步涂覆法制备了具有超疏水表面的复合塑料换热管。首先采用多孔PVDF中空纤维膜为支撑层，以导热材料纳米ZnO填充聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）为皮层，制备了具有致密外表皮层的复合塑料换热管。其次为了强化蒸气的滴状冷凝传热，通过考察正硅酸乙酯含量，氨水含量等条件的影响，制备出了具有超疏水表面的PVDF复合塑料换热管。结果表明，所制备的换热管表面接触角可达154°，与熔融法及NIPS法制备的换热管相比，总传热系数可提高85.3%～147.3%。

关键词: 聚偏氟乙烯, 塑料换热管, 超疏水表面, 滴状冷凝, 传热系数

Abstract:

To improve the heat transfer performance of the plastic heat exchange tube, a composite plastic heat exchange tube with a superhydrophobic surface was prepared by a two-step coating method. Firstly, the porous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane was used as the supporting layer, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was filled with thermal conductive material nano-ZnO as the skin layer to prepare the composite plastic heat exchange tube with a dense outer skin layer. Secondly, the PVDF composite plastic heat exchange tube with superhydrophobic surface was prepared by investigating the influence of teraethoxysilane (TEOS) and ammonia content, which enhanced the dropwise condensation heat transfer performance of steam. The results showed that the outer surface contact angle of the prepared heat exchange tube can reach 154°. Compared with the heat exchange tubes prepared by the melting method and the NIPS method, the total heat transfer coefficient could be increased by 85.3%—147.3%.

Key words: polyvinylidene fluoride, plastic heat exchange tube, superhydrophobic surface, dropwise condensation, heat transfer coefficient

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

柴叶霞, 陈华艳, 贾悦, 李丹丹, 武春瑞, 吕晓龙. PVDF中空纤维换热管超疏水表面强化蒸气滴状冷凝传热[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(4): 1331-1339.

Yexia CHAI, Huayan CHEN, Yue JIA, Dandan LI, Chunrui WU, Xiaolong LYU. Enhancement on steam dropwise condensation heat transfer with superhydrophobic surfaces of PVDF hollow fiber heat exchange tubes[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(4): 1331-1339.

图/表 14

表1 PVDF超滤膜与组件参数

Table 1 PVDF ultrafiltration membrane and membrane module parameters

PVDF ultrafiltration membrane

PVDF membrane module

Bore

size/μm

Wall thickness/μm

Module inner

diameter /mm

Membrane filament

length /mm

Loading density/%

Heat exchange

tube number/root

Effective membrane

area/m²

图1 原膜与换热管的外表面SEM图

Fig.1 SEM images of outer surface of original membrane and heat exchange tubes

表2 PVDF原膜与换热管的致密性比较

Table 2 Comparison of compactness between PVDF original membrane and heat exchange tubes

Item

PVDF original membrane

Heat

exchange tube M₁

Heat exchange tube M₂

pure water flux/(kg·m^-2·h^-1)

76.49

percentage of pressure drop /%

图2 PVDF原膜及PVDF换热管的断面形貌及特征X射线能谱线扫图

Fig.2 Cross-sectional morphology and characteristic X-ray energy spectrum line sweep of PVDF original film and PVDF heat exchange tube

表3 PVDF原膜与换热管的力学性能及孔隙率比较

Table 3 Comparison of mechanical properties and porosity of PVDF original membrane and heat exchange tubes

Item	PVDF original membrane	Heat exchange tube M₁	Heat exchange tube M₂
breaking strength/cN	218	223.4	257
porosity/%	60.26	55.16	52.73

图3 运行时间对换热管传热性能的影响

Fig.3 Effect of running time on heat transfer performance of heat exchange tube

表4 PVDF换热管皮层的稳定性

Table 4 Stability of PVDF heat exchange tube skin layer

Ultrasonic time/h	Gel layer
1	not falling off
2	not falling off
3	not falling off
4	not falling off
5	not falling off
6	not falling off

图4 正硅酸乙酯含量对SiO2粒径及表面粗糙度的影响

Fig.4 Influence of TEOS content on silicon particle size and surface roughness

图5 正硅酸乙酯含量对接触角及总传热系数的影响

Fig.5 Influence of TEOS content on contact angle and total heat transfer coefficient

图6 正硅酸乙酯含量对冷凝传热系数的影响

Fig.6 Influence of TEOS content on condensation heat transfer coefficient

图7 氨水含量对SiO2粒径及表面粗糙度的影响

Fig.7 Influence of ammonia content on silicon particle size and surface roughness

图8 氨水含量对接触角及总传热系数的影响

Fig.8 Influence of ammonia content on contact angle and total heat transfer coefficient

图9 氨水含量对冷凝传热系数的影响

Fig.9 Influence of ammonia content on condensation heat transfer coefficient

图10 与其他换热管传热性能的比较

Fig.10 Comparison of heat transfer performance with other heat exchange tubes

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PVDF中空纤维换热管超疏水表面强化蒸气滴状冷凝传热

Enhancement on steam dropwise condensation heat transfer with superhydrophobic surfaces of PVDF hollow fiber heat exchange tubes

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