硬脂醇改性的氧化石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料的热物性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191231

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

向正十八烷中加入高导热填充物形成复合相变材料（PCM），可以很好地提升其导热性能，同时，为了保证符合相变材料的高热导率、分散性和再循环可靠性，利用硬脂醇修饰氧化石墨烯（GO），形成改性石墨烯（MG）与正十八烷的复合相变材料。分别制备了改性石墨烯质量分数为0、1%、2%、3%、4%（质量）的改性石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料，并经过扫描电镜测试、红外光谱分析、差示扫描量热实验及导热分析等测试对其形貌结构及热物性进行表征和研究。实验表明制备的改性石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料具有很好的分散性；当纳米石墨烯片的质量分数达到4%时，复合相变材料的热导率相对于纯正十八烷高出了131.9%。

关键词: 氧化石墨烯, 复合相变材料, 化学改性, 分散稳定性, 热物性

Abstract:

Adding high thermal conductivity fillers to n-octadecane to form a composite phase change material(PCM) can improve its thermal conductivity. At the same time, to ensure high thermal conductivity, dispersion stability and recycling reliability of PCM, a type of composite PCM has been fabricated by grafting stearic alcohol onto graphene oxide (GO). The modified graphene/n-octadecane composite PCMs with 0, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%(mass) of modified graphene were prepared to characterize and study of feature structure and thermophysical properties by means of scanning electron microscope, infrared spectrum analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal conductivity analysis, etc. Experiments show that the modified graphene/n-octadecane composite PCMs prepared in this paper has good dispersion stability. When the mass fraction of modified graphene reaches 4%, the thermal conductivity of composite PCMs is 131.9% higher than that of pure n-octadecane.

Key words: graphene oxide, composite PCMs, chemical modification, dispersion stability, thermal properties

中图分类号:

O 642

蔡迪, 李静. 硬脂醇改性的氧化石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料的热物性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(10): 4826-4835.

Di CAI, Jing LI. Study on thermal properties of stearyl alcohol modified graphene oxide/ n-octadecane composite phase change materials[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(10): 4826-4835.

图/表 12

图1 复合相变材料经历不同次数熔化-凝固循环后的状态

Fig.1 Statuses of composite phase change material after different melting-solidification cycles

图2 纳米石墨烯片与改性石墨烯粒径分布图

Fig2 Particle size distribution of GNS and MG powder

图3 100次相变循环后纳米石墨烯片和改性石墨烯的粒径分布

Fig.3 Particle size distribution of GNS and MG after 20 phase change cycles

图4 含有不同改性石墨烯质量分数的复合相变材料

Fig.4 Composite phase change materials with different mass fractions of modified graphene

图5 纳米石墨烯片及改性石墨烯的微观形貌结构

Fig.5 Microstructure and morphology of graphene nanoplatelets and modified graphene

图6 氧化石墨烯、改性石墨烯、正十八烷及2.0%(质量)改性石墨烯复合相变材料的FTIR光谱图

Fig.6 FTIR spectra of GO, MG, n-octadecane and 2.0%(mass) composite PCM

图7 正十八烷及其复合相变材料的DSC曲线

Fig.7 DSC curves of n-octadecane and composite phase change materials

表1 正十八烷及其复合相变材料熔化过程的相变温度及相变焓

Table 1 Phase transition temperature and enthalpy of n-octadecane and composite phase change materials during melting process

样品	起始温度T_ms/℃	峰值T_mp/℃	终止温度T_me/℃	相变焓H_m/(J/g)
正十八烷	24.6	28.6	34.9	232.0
1%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	22.6	29.2	34.4	229.0
2%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	24.2	28.8	34.3	228.3
3%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	24.0	28.5	34.5	223.3
4%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	23.2	28.5	33.8	220.3

表2 正十八烷及其复合相变材料凝固过程的相变温度及相变焓

Table 2 Phase transition temperature and enthalpy of n-octadecane and composite phase change materials during solidification process

样品	起始温度T_ss/℃	峰值T_sp/℃	终止温度T_se/℃	相变焓H_s/(J/g)
正十八烷	27.8	26.9	23.2	-225.8
1%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	27.9	27.0	23.1	-222.9
2%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	28.2	27.2	23.2	-220.2
3%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	28.4	26.9	23.2	-218.1
4%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	28.4	27.1	22.9	-214.5

表3 正十八烷及其复合相变材料的热导率及相关数据

Table 3 Thermal conductivity and relevant data of n-octadecane and composite phase change materials

样品	热扩散系数/(mm2/s)	密度/(g/cm³)	比热容/(J/(g·K))	热导率/(W/(m·K))
正十八烷	0.137	0.777	1.658	0.177
1%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	0.184	0.771	2.007	0.285
2%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	0.230	0.766	1.973	0.338
3%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	0.266	0.760	1.934	0.391
4%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷	0.278	0.755	1.950	0.409

图8 不同质量分数的改性石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料在20℃时的热导率及热扩散系数

Fig.8 Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusion coefficient of modified graphene/n-octadecane composite phase change materials with different mass fractions at 20℃

图9 2%(质量)改性石墨烯/正十八烷复合相变材料的微观形貌结构

Fig.9 Microstructure and morphology of modified graphene oxide/n-octadecane composite PCM

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