热物性对混合型CPCMs固液相变特性影响模拟研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230070

化工学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 74 ›› Issue (5): 1914-1927.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20230070

热物性对混合型CPCMs固液相变特性影响模拟研究

代佳琳¹^,²(), 毕唯东³, 雍玉梅¹(), 陈文强¹^,², 莫晗旸¹^,⁴, 孙兵⁵, 杨超¹^,²()

^1.中国科学院过程工程研究所，中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室，北京 100190
^2.中国科学院大学化工学院，北京 100049
^3.北京怡和嘉业医疗科技股份有限公司，北京 100041
^4.中国矿业大学（北京）化学工程与环境学院，北京 100083
^5.内蒙动力机械研究所，内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

收稿日期:2023-02-02 修回日期:2023-04-19 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-06-29
通讯作者: 雍玉梅,杨超
作者简介:代佳琳（1999—），女，硕士研究生，daijialin20@ipe.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发专项项目(2021YFB1716301);国家自然科学基金项目(21978297)

Effect of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of solid-liquid phase change for composite PCMs

Jialin DAI¹^,²(), Weidong BI³, Yumei YONG¹(), Wenqiang CHEN¹^,², Hanyang MO¹^,⁴, Bing SUN⁵, Chao YANG¹^,²()

^1.CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^2.School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^3.IBMC Medical Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100041, China
^4.Institute of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^5.Inner Mongolia Power Machinery Institute, Hohehot 010010, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2023-02-02 Revised:2023-04-19 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-06-29
Contact: Yumei YONG, Chao YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

只有掌握基底和相变材料(PCMs)的热物性对换热特性的影响，才能准确描述混合型复合相变材料(CPCMs)储热性能及有效利用CPCMs。基于双分布(DDF)格子Boltzmann模型，验证并模拟了不同基底和PCMs固、液相的比热容和热扩散系数条件下混合型CPCMs的相变换热、流动过程，归纳其对相变速率储热的影响规律。结果表明：PCMs内液体环流的自然对流换热对总的换热过程起到促进作用。基材的比热容越大，相变速率越快，能够获得更大储热量；提高基材热扩散系数有利于提高相变速率。固相PCMs比热容越小，相变速率越快，但固、液相变界面越厚，相变越不稳定，所以如果期望得到更高的相变速率可选择固相小于液相比热容的PCMs，但如果更加看重相变的稳定性优先选择固相大于液相比热容的PCMs。

关键词: 复合材料, 数值模拟, 格子Boltzmann方法, 热物性, 相变

Abstract:

For composite phase change materials (CPCMs), the heat storage performance can be described accurately and used effectively only if the effects of thermophysical properties of substrate and phase change materials (PCMs) on heat transfer characteristics are mastered. Therefore, the effects of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of phase change for CPCMs were investigated numerically at the pore scale. Based on the validated double-distributed-function (DDF) lattice Boltzmann (LB) model, the phase change, heat transfer, and flow in CPCMs were simulated under the conditions of different specific heat capacities and thermal diffusion coefficients of solid PCMs, liquid PCMs, and substrate. The influence of thermophysical properties on the phase change rate and heat storage were summarized. The numerical results showed that the heat transfer was accelerated by the internal flow of liquid PCMs. The larger the specific heat capacity of the substrate, the faster the phase change frontier and the greater the heat storage capacity can get. The large thermal diffusion coefficient of the substrate could enhance the phase change rate. While the specific heat capacity of solid PCMs was smaller, the phase change rate was faster, and the solid-liquid phase interface was thicker. And the wider interface of phase change could lead to a more unstable process of phase change. If higher phase transition rate is more important, PCMs with the specific heat capacity of solid phase smaller than liquid phase can be selected. However, if the stability of phase transition is more important, PCMs with the specific heat capacity of solid phase larger than liquid phase can be preferred.

Key words: composites, numerical simulation, lattice Boltzmann method, thermophysical property, phase change

中图分类号:

TB 34

代佳琳, 毕唯东, 雍玉梅, 陈文强, 莫晗旸, 孙兵, 杨超. 热物性对混合型CPCMs固液相变特性影响模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1914-1927.

Jialin DAI, Weidong BI, Yumei YONG, Wenqiang CHEN, Hanyang MO, Bing SUN, Chao YANG. Effect of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of solid-liquid phase change for composite PCMs[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(5): 1914-1927.

图/表 15

图1 计算域的选取及边界条件的设定示意图

Fig.1 Description of the computational domain and setting of the boundary conditions

图2 网格无关性验证（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.02，St=0.01，Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.2 Grid-independent verification（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.02, St=0.01, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

图3 相变模型及程序的验证（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.02，St=0.01）

Fig.3 Verification of the correctness of the model and the validity of the code（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.02, St=0.01）

图4 自然对流作用下流固耦合问题计算域选取及边界条件设定示意图（Pr=0.71）

Fig.4 Description of the computing domain and boundary conditions for the fluid-solid coupling problems under natural covection（Pr=0.71）

表1 自然对流作用下的流固耦合验证结果

Table 1 Verification results of fluid-solid coupling problems under natural covection

Ra	本文Nu_ave结果	文献Nu_ave结果
Ra	本文Nu_ave结果	Ref.[41]	相对误差/%	Ref.[42]	相对误差/%
1×10³	1.423	1.432	-0.628	1.424	-0.070
1×10⁴	1.757	1.768	-0.626	1.771	-0.791
1×10⁵	4.234	4.308	-1.718	4.324	-2.081
1×10⁶	8.362	8.605	-2.824	8.597	-2.734

图5 热传导与额外考虑自然对流的不同Ra条件下相变过程中的液相体积分数的对比（Pr=0.1，St=1，Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig. 5 Volume fraction of the liquid phase in the process of heat transfer by conduction versus phase change considering natural convection（Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

图6 随时间变化CPCMs液相体积分数分布和速度矢量分布（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.6 Liquid volume fraction distribution and velocity vector distribution of CPCMs with time（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

图7 不同基材与PCMs的比热容下液相体积分数和焓值分布（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1，Fo=0.1）

Fig.7 Distribution of liquid volume fraction and enthalpy under different specific heat capacities of base and PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.1）

图8 液相体积分数随基材比热容和Fo的变化（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.8 Liquid volume fraction versus Rcp and Fo（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1)

图9 不同基材与PCMs的热扩散系数比下温度分布（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1，Fo=0.05）

Fig.9 Temperature distribution at different ratios of thermal conductivity coefficient of substrate to PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.05）

图10 不同Rs下平均焓值随Fo的变化（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.10 Average enthalpy versusFo for different Rs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

图11 不同固相PCMs比热容下液相体积分数随Fo的变化（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.11 Liquid volume fraction versusFo for different Rfcp（Ra=2.5×104,Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

图12 不同固相PCMs比热容下相分布与焓值分布（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1，Fo=0.1）

Fig.12 Phase distribution and enthalpy distribution under different specific heat capacities of solid phase PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.1）

图13 不同固相PCMs比热容下左壁面的平均Nu随Fo的变化（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.13 Average Nu along the left wall versusFo for different Rfcp（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

图14 不同固相PCMs热扩散系数下液相体积分数随Fo的变化（Ra=2.5×104，Pr=0.1，St=1，Rs=Rcp=Rfcp=1）

Fig.14 Liquid volume fraction versusFo and Rfs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfcp=1）

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热物性对混合型CPCMs固液相变特性影响模拟研究

Effect of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of solid-liquid phase change for composite PCMs

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