热解-重整-燃烧解耦的煤气化特性

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190312

化工学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 70 ›› Issue (8): 3040-3049.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20190312

热解-重整-燃烧解耦的煤气化特性

亚力昆江·吐尔逊null¹(),艾热提·阿不都艾尼null¹,潘岳¹,阿布力克木·阿布力孜null¹,迪丽努尔·塔力甫null¹,马凤云¹,徐绍平²

1. 新疆大学化学化工学院, 煤炭洁净转化与化工过程自治区重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830046
2. 大连理工大学化工学院，精细化工国家重点实验室，辽宁大连 116024

收稿日期:2019-04-01 修回日期:2019-07-03 出版日期:2019-08-05 发布日期:2019-08-05
通讯作者: 亚力昆江·吐尔逊null
作者简介:亚力昆江·吐尔逊（1984—），男，博士，讲师，<email>yalkunjan54@ aliyun.com</email>
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(21766037);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2017D01C077)

Gasification characteristics of coal in decoupled triple bed

Tursun YALKUNJAN¹(),Abduhani HAIRAT¹,Yue PAN¹,Abulizi ABULIKEMU¹,Talifu DILINUER¹,Fengyun MA¹,Shaoping XU²

1. Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion ＆ Chemical Engineering Process，College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang，China
2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, China

Received:2019-04-01 Revised:2019-07-03 Online:2019-08-05 Published:2019-08-05
Contact: Tursun YALKUNJAN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用热解、重整、燃烧解耦分离的解耦三床气化（decoupled triple bed gasification，DTBG）系统，以橄榄石为原位焦油裂解催化床料，进行了煤催化气化实验。研究了煤种、煤进料速率、重整器温度以及水碳比（S/C）对煤热解焦油裂解/重整反应的影响。结果显示：随着煤挥发分含量增加，气体产率、碳转化率、冷煤气效率以及产气中的H₂含量增加。由于半焦不参与气化反应，导致碳转化率和冷煤气效率偏低。煤和催化剂比例的改变会影响气体产率和产气组成，当煤的进料速率从0.12 kg/h增加到0.30 kg/h时，气体产率从0.28 m³/kg增加到0.46 m³/kg，H₂含量从28.4%增加到50.5%。重整器温度的升高有利于促进煤焦油裂解转化，从而增加气体产率。当重整器温度为850℃、S/C为1.0时，气体产率达到了0.60 m³/kg, 橄榄石催化剂有效地降低了焦油含量，焦油产率仅为2.11g/m³。S/C的升高增强了焦油水蒸气重整反应，但引入过量的水蒸气会导致反应器内气体的流速加快，缩短了反应物的停留时间和反应时长，减缓了焦油水蒸气重整反应的反应程度。

关键词: 煤气化, 解耦三床, 固体热载体, 橄榄石

Abstract:

Catalytic steam gasification of coal was carried out in a pyrolysis, reforming and combustion separated decoupled triple bed gasification system. The olivine was used as the in-situ tar cracking catalytic bed material, and the coal catalytic gasification experiment was carried out. The effects of coal types, coal feeding rate, reformer temperature and steam to carbon mass ratio (S/C) on gasification performance were investigated. The results showed that the gas yield, carbon conversion, cold gas efficiency and H₂ content in the gas increased with the increasing volatile content of coal. The carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency is relatively low due to the char is not involved in gasification reaction. The gas yield and gas composition influenced by coal to catalyst ratio. The gas yield increased from 0.28 m³/kg to 0.46 m³/kg and the H₂ content increased from 28.4% to 50.5% with increasing coal feeding rate from 0.12 kg/h to 0.30 kg/h. Increasing reforming temperature and S/C were beneficial to promote the tar cracking and conversion, and thus increased the gas yield. A gas yield of 0.6 m³/kg tar content as low as 2.11 g/m³ has been achieved at the reformer temperature was 850℃ and S/C of 1.0. The addition of steam enhanced the steam reforming reaction of tar, and increased the gas yield. However the excessive steamcause shorter residence time of tar in reformer that results reduction degree of tar steam reforming reaction.

Key words: coal gasification, decoupled triple bed, solid heat carrier, olivine

中图分类号:

TQ 546.2

亚力昆江·吐尔逊null, 艾热提·阿不都艾尼null, 潘岳, 阿布力克木·阿布力孜null, 迪丽努尔·塔力甫null, 马凤云, 徐绍平. 热解-重整-燃烧解耦的煤气化特性[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(8): 3040-3049.

Tursun YALKUNJAN, Abduhani HAIRAT, Yue PAN, Abulizi ABULIKEMU, Talifu DILINUER, Fengyun MA, Shaoping XU. Gasification characteristics of coal in decoupled triple bed[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(8): 3040-3049.

图/表 9

表1 煤的工业分析和元素分析结果

Table 1 Proximate and ultimate analysis of coal

原料	工业分析(ad)/%(mass)				元素分析(daf)/%(mass)
原料	水分	灰分	挥发分	固定碳	C	H	O	N	S
WCW	6.96	19.13	30.56	43.35	73.77	3.65	19.64	0.82	2.12
NMG	10.47	3.66	28.88	56.99	76.97	4.09	17.64	0.70	0.60
HEM	1.82	5.71	41.29	51.18	75.60	5.03	18.05	0.90	0.42

表2 橄榄石的XRF化学组成分析

Table 2 Chemical composition of olivine by XRF/%(mass)

MgO	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	NiO	SiO₂	K₂O
42.95	0.06	1.00	9.57	1.09	0.38	44.77	0.05

图1 解耦三床气化反应装置

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of DTBG apparatus

表3 气化系统运行参数

Table 3 Operation parameters of gasification system

Parameter	Value
total bed material inventory /kg	5.0
circulating rate of bed material /(kg/h)	4.5
coal feeding rate/ (kg/h)	0.12－0.30
bed materials particle size /mm	0.45－0.90
coal particle size /mm	0.45－0.90
residence time of solid in reformer/min	30
residence time of solid in pyrolyzer /min	7
bed height in the pyrolyzer /mm	200
reformer temperature /℃	750－850
pyrolyzer temperature /℃	700
combustor temperature /℃	850
air flow rate of combustor/ (m³/h)	4.2－4.6
operation pressure/MPa	0.1

图2 产气组成随时间的变化

Fig.2 Composition of gas production varies with time

图3 三种煤原料气化效果比较

Fig.3 Gasification performance comparison of three type of coal

图4 煤进料速率对气体产量、焦油含量和气体组成的影响

Fig.4 Effect of coal feeding rate on gas yield, tar yield and gas composition

图5 重整器温度对气体产率、焦油含量、气体组成、碳转化率和冷煤气效率的影响

Fig.5 Effect of reformer temperature on gas yield, tar content, gas composition, carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency

图6 S/C对气体产率、焦油含量、气体组成、碳转化率和冷煤气效率的影响

Fig.6 Effect of S/C on gas yield, tar content, gas composition, carbon conversion and cold gas efficiency

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热解-重整-燃烧解耦的煤气化特性

Gasification characteristics of coal in decoupled triple bed

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