多级喷雾闪蒸海水淡化系统性能分析及响应面优化研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20210952

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

喷雾闪蒸技术因其能耗低、分离效果好、冷却能力高的特点成为解决淡水资源紧缺的有效方法之一。在喷雾辅助低温脱盐技术的基础上，展开系统内部热和质量平衡的热力学计算，研究喷雾闪蒸系统运行级数和顶值盐水温度对闪蒸效果的影响。研究结果表明，更高的顶值盐水温度可以显著提高生产效率，当顶值盐水温度为363 K时，生产率为3.325 kg/s，性能比为0.627。采用响应面法对喷雾闪蒸系统进行优化，确定系统的最佳运行条件以及各响应的模型关系，获得系统淡化的最佳参数：顶值盐水温度343 K，海水进口流量10 kg/s，冷却水进口温度303 K，冷却水进口流量9.5 kg/s。

关键词: 脱盐, 闪蒸, 数值分析, 影响因素, 优化设计

Abstract:

The spray flash technology has become one of the effective methods to solve the shortage of fresh water resources due to its low energy consumption, good separation effect and high cooling capacity. Based on the spray-assisted low-temperature desalination technology, this paper develops the thermodynamic calculation of the internal heat and mass balance of the system, and studies the effect of the spray flash system's operating stages and the top brine temperature on the flash evaporation effect. The research results show that a higher top brine temperature can significantly improve production efficiency. When the top brine temperature is 363 K, the productivity is 3.325 kg/s and the performance ratio is 0.627. Response surface method is used to optimize the spray flash evaporation system, determine the best operating conditions of the system and the model relationship of each response. And the best parameters of the system for desalination are obtained: the top brine temperature is 343 K, the seawater inlet flow rate is 10 kg/s, the cooling water inlet temperature is 303 K, and the cooling water inlet flow rate is 9.5 kg/s.

Key words: desalination, flash evaporation, numerical analysis, influencing factors, optimal design

中图分类号:

TK 121

蔡本安, 郭民承, 车勋建, 蔡伟华. 多级喷雾闪蒸海水淡化系统性能分析及响应面优化研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(11): 5573-5581.

Ben'an CAI, Mincheng GUO, Xunjian CHE, Weihua CAI. Performance analysis and response surface optimization of multi-stage spray flash desalination system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(11): 5573-5581.

图/表 11

图1 系统原理图

Fig.1 System schematic diagram

图2 θe,i结果验证

Fig.2 Verification of θe,i

图3 θc,i结果验证

Fig.3 Verification of θc,i

表1 计算参数

Table 1 Calculation parameters

T_sw,in/K	TBT /K	T_cw,in/K	m_sw,in/(kg/s)	m_cw,in/(kg/s)	r /μm	H / m
303—323	328—363	293—313	8—16	7—15	300	1.1

图4 不同级数下的蒸发室和冷凝室温度

Fig.4 Temperature of evaporation chamber and condensation chamber under different stages

图5 不同级数下的产量和盐度

Fig.5 Productivity and salinity under different stages

图6 不同冷却水流量下的性能比和总能耗

Fig.6 Performance ratio and total energy consumption under different cooling water flow

图7 不同TBT下性能比和生产率曲线

Fig.7 Performance ratio and production rate under different TBT

表2 响应面设计因素水平

Table 2 Response surface design factor level

输入因子	符号	-1	0	1
TBT/K	A	338	343	348
m_sw,in/(kg/s)	B	8	10	12
T_cw,in/K	C	298	303	308
m_cw,in/(kg/s)	D	7.5	9.5	11.5

图8 性能比3D图

Fig.8 3D graph of performance ratio

图9 总能耗3D图

Fig.9 3D graph of total energy consumption

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