R290低压比热泵高补气过热度循环研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221680

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天然工质丙烷(R290)GWP接近零，对环境友好，热物理性质优良，具有良好应用前景。高背压旋转压缩机运行压比小时，R290绝热指数小导致的排气温度低特点突出。R290在高背压旋转压缩机油池中溶解度大，R290/润滑油混合物黏度低，可能难以满足曲轴/轴承系统润滑，影响压缩机可靠性。通过研究低压比工况下，R290在润滑油中溶解度及R290/润滑油混合物黏度与其过热度的关系，提出高补气过热度经济器循环，利用冷凝器出口高温与补气饱和温度的温差带来的剩余热量提高补气过热度，从而控制排气过热度和R290/润滑油混合物的黏度。同时，高补气过热度经济器循环可以有效提高系统性能，蒸发温度-2.89℃，冷凝温度51.5℃时，相比单级循环，COP提升11.4%，单位容积制热量提升23.4%。

关键词: R290, 热泵, 高补气过热度, 补气增焓循环, 动力黏度

Abstract:

The natural working fluid propane (R290) has a GWP close to zero. It is environmentally friendly, has excellent thermophysical properties, and has good application prospects. The discharge temperature of R290 high-pressure rotary compressor is low due to the low adiabatic index of R290, especially in the small pressure ratio condition. The high solubility of R290 leads to the low viscosity of R290/lubricant mixture in the oil sump of high-pressure rotary compressor, which may be difficult to meet the crankshaft/bearings system lubrication and affect compressor reliability. This paper analyzes the relationship between R290 solubility in lubricant and viscosity of R290/lubricant mixture with mixture superheat in low pressure ratio condition. The high injection superheat cycle (HISC) is proposed that it takes advantage of the available energy in the condenser outlet to improve the injection superheat controlling the discharge superheat and the viscosity of R290/lubricant mixture. Meanwhile, HISC can effectively improve the system performance with 11.4% improvement in COP and 23.4% improvement in volumetric heating capacity compared with the single-stage cycle at evaporation temperature -2.89℃ and condensation temperature 51.5℃.

Key words: R290, heat pump, high injection superheat, vapor injection cycle, dynamic viscosity

中图分类号:

TB 61⁺5

雷博雯, 吴建华, 吴启航. R290低压比热泵高补气过热度循环研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1875-1883.

Bowen LEI, Jianhua WU, Qihang WU. Research on high injection superheat cycle for R290 low pressure ratio heat pump[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(5): 1875-1883.

图/表 12

图1 R290与PAG油互溶性曲线

Fig.1 Miscibility curve of R290 and PAG

图2 混合物过热度对制冷剂溶解度及混合物黏度的影响

Fig.2 Effect of the mixture superheat on the refrigerant solubility and mixture viscosity

图3 不同工质p-h图

Fig.3 p-h diagram of different refrigerants

图4 不同工质等熵排气过热度

Fig.4 Isentropic discharge superheat of different refrigerants

图5 R290经济器循环和单级循环p-h图

Fig.5 p-h diagram of R290 economizer cycle and single-stage cycle

图6 不同工况下R290/润滑油混合物黏度

Fig.6 Viscosity of R290/lubricant mixtures in different conditions

图7 高补气过热度经济器循环图

Fig.7 Diagrams of high injection superheat economizer cycle

图8 经济器换热曲线

Fig.8 The heat transfer curve of the economizer

图9 补气饱和温度和补气温度对排气过热度的影响

Fig.9 Effect of injection saturation temperature and injection temperature on the discharge superheat

图10 补气饱和温度和补气温度对溶解度的影响

Fig.10 Effect of injection saturation temperature and injection temperature on the refrigerant solubility

图11 补气饱和温度和补气温度对R290/POE VG68混合物黏度的影响

Fig.11 Effect of injection saturation temperature and injection temperature on the R290/POE VG68 mixture viscosity

图12 补气饱和温度和补气温度对ΔQv 和ΔCOP的影响

Fig.12 Effect of injection saturation temperature and injection temperature on ΔQv and ΔCOP

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