基于响应面法的气浮旋流分离条件优化

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231315

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着油气工业的大规模发展，含油污水引发的环境问题日益严重，气浮旋流技术作为一种高效的分离方法得到广泛应用。为了进一步提高该技术的分离效果，利用实验方法对微气泡密度、旋流强度、絮凝剂种类与浓度进行了单因素实验，响应面法对几种因素的组合进行了优化。单因素研究发现最优条件为：微气泡密度2.88×10⁴个/毫升、旋流速度460 r/min絮凝剂PAFC的分离效果较好。响应面法分析得到X₁ 、X₃与三个变量的交互作用影响显著，最优组合：微气泡密度为2.47×10⁴个/毫升，旋流角速度440 r/min，絮凝剂PAFC浓度40 mg/L。

关键词: 微气泡, 浮选, PIV, 响应面, 分离, 废水

Abstract:

With the large-scale development of the oil and gas industry, the environmental problems caused by oily wastewater have become increasingly serious, and the air flotation cyclone technology has been widely used as an efficient separation method. In order to further improve the separation effect of this technology, a one-factor experiment was conducted on the microbubble density M, rotational angular velocity, flocculant type and concentration using experimental methods, and the response surface method was used to optimize the combination of several factors. The one-factor study found the optimal conditions: 2.88×10⁴ microbubbles/ml for M, 460 r/min for rotational speed, and better separation of flocculant PAFC. Response surface method analysis yielded a significant effect of the interaction of X₁, X₃ with the three variables, and the optimal combinations: 2.47×10⁴microbubbles/ml for M, 440 r/min for rotational angular speed, and 40 mg/L for the concentration of flocculant PAFC.

Key words: microbubbles, flotation, PIV, response surface, separation, waste water

中图分类号:

TQ 028.4

汪威, 白旭, 赵翔, 马学良, 林纬, 喻九阳. 基于响应面法的气浮旋流分离条件优化[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231315.

Wei WANG, Xu BAI, Xiang ZHAO, Xue'liang MA, Wei LIN, Jiu'yang YU. Optimization of air flotation cyclone separation conditions based on response surface methodology[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231315.

图/表 17

图1 气浮旋流分离过程示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of air flotation cyclone separation process

图2 油滴与微气泡粒径分布

Fig.2 Particle size distribution of oil droplets and microbubbles

图3 实验设备与流程图注:1—油水混合物;2—水箱;3—增压泵;4—气泡发生器;5—旋流反应器;6—搅拌装置;7—取样口;

Fig.3 Experimental equipment and flow chart

图4 气含率测量装置示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of gas holdup measuring device

表1 气含率测定

Table 1 Determination of gas content ratio

实验编号	1	2	3	4	平均气含率
气含率	1.57%	1.96%	1.75%	1.87%	1.78%

图5 不同层面旋流场切向速度云图分布

Fig.5 Tangential velocity cloud map distribution of swirl field at different layers

图6 切向速度分布

Fig.6 Tangential velocity distribution

图7 微气泡密度对分离效果的影响注:(C-Oil concentration after separation; K-Multiplier for air flotation concentration)

Fig. 7 Influence of microbubble density on separation effect

图8 旋转角速度对分离效果的影响注:(C-Oil concentration after separation; K- Multiplier for air flotation concentration)

Fig. 8 Effect of cyclone velocity on separation effect

图9 油滴结合微气泡数量变化

Fig. 9 Variation in the number of oil droplet-bound microbubbles

图10 不同浓度PAFC的絮体状态

Fig.10 Floc status of different concentrations of PAFC

图11 絮凝剂种类与浓度对分离效果的影响注:(C-Oil concentration after separation; K- Multiplier for air flotation concentration;A-PAC;B-PAM;C-PAFC)

Fig. 11 Effect of flocculant type and concentration on separation effect

表2 响应面实验因素及水平设计

Table 2 Response surface experiment factors and level design

2.06

表3 响应面实验值与预测值对比

Table 3 Comparison of experimental and predicted values of response surfaces

组别	X₁	X₂	X₃	气浮浓缩倍数 (实验值)	气浮浓缩倍数 (预测值)
1	0	-1	1	11.30	10.34
2	0	1	-1	6.18	7.14
3	1	0	-1	3.52	4.30
4	0	0	0	20.68	22.73
5	0	0	0	19.35	22.73
6	1	-1	0	6.38	7.87
7	-1	-1	0	10.00	11.74
8	0	0	0	20.00	22.73
9	0	1	1	28.23	30.50
10	-1	0	-1	8.21	8.73
11	0	0	0	27.27	22.73
12	0	-1	-1	23.07	20.80
13	1	1	0	3.26	1.52
14	-1	0	1	25.00	24.22
15	0	0	0	26.37	22.73
16	-1	1	0	26.08	24.59
17	1	0	1	2.22	1.70

表4 方差分析

Table 4 Analysis of Variance （ANOVA）

来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
Model	1398.80	9	155.42	13.38	0.0012	significant
A	363.29	1	363.29	31.27	0.0008
B	21.13	1	21.13	1.82	0.2195
C	83.01	1	83.01	7.14	0.0319
AB	92.16	1	92.16	7.93	0.0259
AC	81.81	1	81.81	7.04	0.0328
BC	285.95	1	285.95	24.61	0.0016
A²	370.52	1	370.52	31.89	0.0008
B²	15.57	1	15.57	1.34	0.2849
C²	55.05	1	55.05	4.74	0.0660
Residual	81.33	7	11.62
Lack of Fit	24.39	3	8.13	0.57	0.6633	not significant
Pure Error	56.94	4	14.24
Cor Total	1480.14	16

图12 实验值与预测值比较

Fig. 12 Comparison of experimental and predicted values

图13 微气泡密度、旋转角速度、絮凝剂浓度交互作用的等高线图和三维响应面图

Fig. 13 Contour plots and three-dimensional response surface plots of the interaction of microbubble density, rotational angular velocity, and flocculant concentration

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