基于PBM的离心式叶轮内气泡破碎合并数值模拟

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20231244

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对利用离心泵制备微气泡时叶轮内气泡尺寸较大且分布不均问题，探究不同入口含气率（IGVF）和转速对离心泵叶轮内气泡直径和分布影响，采用欧拉-欧拉非均匀双流体模型与群体平衡模型进行耦合，求解离心泵叶轮内气液两相旋转流场，并且结合涡识别方法、Luo破碎合并模型对离心泵叶轮内气泡分布规律进行分析。结果表明： 1.叶片前缘以及吸力面附近存在的涡旋导致气体聚集，引起流道内局部含气率增大，此处气泡合并效应占主导；2.流量和转速一定时，随IGVF的增加，流道内湍流强度增加，漩涡后移导致气相聚集区域同样向后延伸，吸力面的高局部含气率区域增大面积显著高于压力面，因此吸力面气泡合并行为更为显著，气泡直径更大；3.IGVF和流量一定时，小范围内提升转速可以使气泡破碎效应增强，获得更小直径的气泡。

关键词: 气液两相流, 计算流体力学, 群体平衡模型, 微气泡, 粒度分布

Abstract:

In addressing the issue of larger and unevenly distributed bubble sizes within the impeller during the preparation of microbubbles using a centrifugal pump, this study investigates the impact of different Inlet Gas Volume Fractions (IGVF) and rotational speeds on the diameter and distribution of bubbles within the impeller. The Euler-Euler non-uniform two-fluid model is coupled with the population balance model to solve the rotating two-phase flow field within the impeller of the centrifugal pump. Additionally, vortex identification methods and the Luo fragmentation and coalescence model are employed to analyze the distribution patterns of bubbles within the impeller. The results indicate the following:1.Vortices near the leading edge and the suction side of the blades cause gas accumulation, leading to an increase in local gas volume fraction within the flow channel. The dominant effect in this region is the coalescence of bubbles.2. Keeping flow rate and rotation speed constant, an increase in IGVF results in heightened turbulence intensity in the flow channel. This, in turn, causes the backward movement of vortices, extending the gas phase aggregation area backward. The region of high local gas content on the suction surface significantly surpasses that on the pressure surface. Consequently, the bubble merging behavior on the suction surface becomes more pronounced, resulting in larger bubble diameters.3. Maintaining constant IGVF and flow rate, a slight increase in speed enhances the bubble-breaking effect, leading to smaller bubble diameters.

Key words: gas-liquid flow, computational fluid dynamics, CFD, population balance model, PBM, microbubbles, size distribution

中图分类号:

TQ 021.1

师毓辉, 邢继远, 姜雪晗, 叶爽, 黄伟光. 基于PBM的离心式叶轮内气泡破碎合并数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231244.

Yuhui SHI, Jiyuan XING, Xuehan JIANG, Shuang YE, Weiguang HUANG. Numerical simulation of bubble breakup and coalescence in centrifugal impeller based on PBM[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20231244.

图/表 16

表1 离心泵几何模型主要结构参数

Table 1 The main structural parameters of the geometry of the centrifugal pump

设计流量

Q_design /(m³/h)

设计扬程

H/m

额定转速

n/(r/min)

叶轮进口

直径

D₁/mm

叶轮出口

直径

D₂/mm

叶片出口宽度

b₂/mm

泵出口

直径

D₂/mm

叶片数

3000

115

9.2

图1 叶轮y+分布

Fig.1 Impeller y+ distribution

图2 网格无关性验证

Fig.2 Mesh independence verification

表2 PBM模型气泡尺寸离散

Table 2 Discrete bubble sizes in PBM

气泡离散组	直径/mm
bin0	10
bin1	5.99
bin2	3.59
bin3	2.15
bin4	1.29
bin5	0.77
bin6	0.46
bin7	0.28
bin8	0.17
bin9	0.1

表3 数值模拟方案

Table 3 Numerical simulation scheme

研究变量	设置条件
入口含气率	转速：1500 r/min
	入口含气率：0.32%；1.04%；2.21%；3.25%；4.86%
	入口气泡直径：Bin4
	运行流量：42%Q_design
转速	转速：1200 r/min；1500 r/min；1800 r/min
	入口含气率：0.32%
	入口气泡直径：Bin4
	运行流量：42%Q_design

图3 数值模拟与实验结果对比

Fig.3 Comparison between numerical simulation and experimental

图4　模拟结果与可视化结果对比

Fig.4　Phase distribution comparison of numerical simulation and visualization values

1.04%

2.21%

图5 不同IGVF涡识别等值面

Fig.5 Vortices identify iso-surfaces of different IGVF

图6 不同IGVF液相速度流线图

Fig.6 Liquid phase velocities streamlines of different IGVF

图7 有效破碎频率、有效合并频率随α、ε变化the local gas content and turbulent dissipation rate

Fig.7 The effective breakup frequency and effective coalescence frequency vary with

图8 不同IGVF叶轮整体气泡分布

Fig.8 Bubble distributions of different IGVF

图9 不同位置气泡分布随IGVF变化

Fig.9 Bubble distributions at different locations with different IGVF

图10 不同位置有效破碎和合并频率示意图

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of effective breakup and effective coalescence frequency at different locations

图11 不同转速下涡识别等值面

Fig.10 Vortex identify iso-surfaces of different speeds

图12 不同转速下各位置气泡分布

Fig.12 Bubble distributions at different positions with different speeds

图13 有效破碎频率、有效合并频率修正图

Fig.13 Correction of effective breaking and effective coalescence frequency

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