山梨醇类成核剂改性聚丙烯及其共聚物的结晶行为与性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20240168

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于聚丙烯(PP)均聚物和不同乙烯含量的PP共聚物，系统地研究了山梨醇类成核剂含量和乙烯单元含量对PP的结晶动力学、结晶结构、结晶形貌、透明性和力学性能的影响，并通过流变行为分析了成核剂在降温过程中的自组装行为。结果表明，PP的结晶、透明性和力学性能依赖于成核剂含量和乙烯单元含量。当成核剂含量增加到0.1% (质量分数)时，显著加快PP均聚物和共聚物的结晶速率，提高结晶度，提高材料的刚性。然而，乙烯单元含量的增加使PP的结晶速率减慢，降低结晶度，降低材料的刚性。乙烯单元和成核剂的加入都促进PP γ晶的形成，而且γ晶的相对含量随乙烯单元和成核剂含量的增加而增加。增加乙烯单元和成核剂含量也提高PP的透明性。

关键词: 聚丙烯, 乙烯含量, 成核剂, 结晶, 透明性

Abstract:

Based on the polypropylene (PP) homopolymer and its copolymers with different ethylene contents, the effects of the contents of sorbitol nucleating agents and ethylene units on the crystallization kinetics, crystalline structure, crystalline morphology, transparency and mechanical property were systematically investigated. The self-organization behavior of the nucleating agent upon cooling was also analyzed through rheological behavior. The results show that, the crystallization, transparency and mechanical property of PP were dependent on the contents of nucleating agents and ethylene units. When the nucleating agent content increased to 0.1% (mass), the crystallization rates of PP and its copolymers were significantly accelerated, and their crystallinities were enhanced, resulting in the improvement of the rigidity of PP and its copolymers. However, the increase in ethylene unit content slows down the crystallization rate of PP, reduces the crystallinity and the rigidity of the material. The incorporations of ethylene units and nucleating agents facilitated the formation of γ crystals of PP. The relative fraction of γ crystals increased with increasing the contents of ethylene units and nucleating agents. As the contents of ethylene units and nucleating agents increased, the transparency of PP was also improved.

Key words: polypropylene, ethylene content, nucleating agent, crystallization, transparency

中图分类号:

TQ 325.1

齐琪, 郭利平, 石李明, 郑映, 潘鹏举. 山梨醇类成核剂改性聚丙烯及其共聚物的结晶行为与性能[J]. 化工学报, 2024, 75(7): 2688-2699.

Qi QI, Liping GUO, Liming SHI, Ying ZHENG, Pengju PAN. Crystallization behavior and properties of polypropylene and its copolymers modified with sorbitol nucleating agents[J]. CIESC Journal, 2024, 75(7): 2688-2699.

图/表 10

图1 DMDBS的化学反应方程式

Fig.1 Chemical reaction equation of DMDBS

图2 DMDBS的化学结构和热性能

Fig.2 Chemical structure and thermal property of DMDBS

图3 成核剂改性PP的非等温结晶行为

Fig.3 Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of PP modified with nucleating agent

图4 成核剂改性PP的非等温熔融行为

Fig.4 Non-isothermal melting behavior of PP modified with nucleating agent

图5 成核剂改性PP在Tc=120℃的等温结晶动力学

Fig.5 Isothermal crystallization kinetics of PP modified with nucleating agent at Tc=120℃

图6 成核剂改性PP在Tc=120℃结晶后的WAXS结果

Fig.6 WAXS results of PP modified with nucleating agent after crystallization at Tc=120℃

图7 成核剂改性PP在120℃等温结晶的POM图

Fig.7 POM images of PP modified with nucleating agent after isothermal crystallization at 120℃

图8 成核剂改性PP的弯曲性能

Fig.8 Bending property of PP modified with nucleating agent

图9 成核剂改性PP的雾度

Fig.9 Haze of PP modified with nucleating agent

图10 降温过程中成核剂改性PP的复数黏度随温度变化

Fig.10 Change of complex viscosity with temperature for PP modified with nucleating agent during cooling

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