Constructing and regulating electrocatalysts: from perspective of mesoscale

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200739

Abstract

Abstract:

The electrocatalyst is the core of the electrochemical reaction in the chemical energy conversion process. It is of great significance to improve the electrocatalytic efficiency, save energy and reduce consumption by maximizing its catalytic performance. Guaranteeing almost all active sites of catalysts on the cross of various channels, regulating the intrinsic activity, as well as improving conductivity and stability are of great significance for designing and optimizing electrocatalysts and maximizing their performance. Along with modulation of electrocatalysts, there is a nonlinear relationship among the changes of structure, composition and properties of catalysts, which shows mesoscale characteristics, that is, entirely new characteristics which is different from that of the two extreme cases. This review summarizes the mesoscale phenomena and effects in constructing and modulating active sites of electrocatalysts. It covers the mesoscale phenomenain terms of crystal structure, chemical composition, phase interface and strain effects in tuning structure and performance of electrocatalysts. It is interesting to gain insight into mesoscale mechanisms which opens a fresh perspective to optimal and tunable design and preparation of electrocatalysts, and thus supply copious novel ideas for forming a new theory system for electrochemical catalysis.

Key words: mesoscale, electrocatalyst, crystal structure, chemical composition, phase interface, strain effect

摘要：

电催化剂是化学能转化过程中电化学反应的核心，最大程度地提升其催化性能，对提高电催化效率、节能降耗具有重要意义。如何确保催化剂活性中心在物质（包括电子）的传输通道交汇处，调控活性并同步提升其稳定性与导电性，是设计与优化电催化剂并实现其性能最大化的关键。在催化剂的构筑与制备中，表界面结构、组成与性质等的变化往往呈现非线性关系，即介于两极端情况的介尺度区域内会出现性质的突变，表现出介尺度性质。基于此，从“介尺度”的视角，总结了近年来在催化剂表界面活性位构筑与调控中存在的介尺度现象与对应策略，从晶体结构、化学组分、相界面以及应变效应等对催化剂结构以及性能的调变几个方面进行分析梳理，进一步指出：介尺度思想可以指导电催化剂的设计，为制备高性能电催化剂提供了新的思路和视角。

关键词: 介尺度, 电催化剂, 晶体结构, 化学组分, 相界面, 应变效应

CLC Number:

O 646.5

Xingqun ZHENG, Li LI, Zidong WEI. Constructing and regulating electrocatalysts: from perspective of mesoscale[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(10): 4445-4461.

郑星群, 李莉, 魏子栋. 介尺度视角下的电催化剂调控策略[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(10): 4445-4461.

Figures/Tables 1

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