CIESC Journal ›› 2022, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (11): 5211-5219.DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20220848
• Special column for Thermalchemical conversion of biomass and organic solid wastes • Previous Articles Next Articles
Xiaoyang YANG(), Baofeng WANG(), Xutao SONG, Fengling YANG, Fangqin CHENG
Received:
2022-06-17
Revised:
2022-09-12
Online:
2022-12-06
Published:
2022-11-05
Contact:
Baofeng WANG
通讯作者:
王宝凤
作者简介:
杨晓阳(1995—),男,博士研究生,yllskk@163.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Xiaoyang YANG, Baofeng WANG, Xutao SONG, Fengling YANG, Fangqin CHENG. Migration of sulfur and nitrogen during co-hydrothermal carbonization process of sewage sludge and high-sulfur coal[J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(11): 5211-5219.
杨晓阳, 王宝凤, 宋旭涛, 杨凤玲, 程芳琴. 污泥与高硫煤共水热碳化过程中硫氮形态转化规律[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(11): 5211-5219.
Sample | Ultimate analysis/% (d) | H/C | O/C | Proximate analysis/% (d) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | C | H | S | O① | Ash | VM | FC | |||
SS-Raw | 3.51±0.09 | 20.38±0.47 | 3.04±0.06 | 1.92±0.07 | 16.87±0.01 | 1.79±0.07 | 0.62±0.01 | 54.28±0.26 | 45.59±0.24 | 0.13±0.02 |
CS-Raw | 1.07±0.05 | 53.70±0.30 | 2.83±0.04 | 2.93±0.04 | 12.96±0.06 | 0.63±0.01 | 0.18±0.01 | 26.51±0.37 | 18.79±0.56 | 54.70± 0.19 |
S10C0-240 | 1.65±0.04 | 9.99±0.06 | 1.18±0..06 | 0.59±0.07 | 6.65±0.15 | 1.42±0.06 | 0.50±0.01 | 79.94±0.38 | 17.34±0.79 | 2.72±0.41 |
S7C3-240 | 1.06±0.03 | 26.40±0.57 | 1.84±0.07 | 1.73±0.04 | 5.84±0.01 | 0.84±0.01 | 0.17±0.01 | 63.13±0.72 | 16.87±0.74 | 20.00±0.02 |
S5C5-240 | 0.98±0.05 | 34.84±0.81 | 2.15±0.11 | 2.17±0.05 | 6.61±0.99 | 0.74±0.06 | 0.14±0.02 | 53.25±0.39 | 15.85±0.73 | 30.90±0.34 |
S3C7-240 | 0.83±0.02 | 41.91±0.44 | 2.51±0.06 | 2.43±0.05 | 6.68±0.56 | 0.72±0.02 | 0.12±0.01 | 45.64±0.21 | 15.09±0.57 | 39.27±0.36 |
S0C10-240 | 0.66±0.04 | 55.03±0.83 | 2.20±0.06 | 2.38±0.06 | 10.18±2.89 | 0.48±0.01 | 0.14±0.04 | 29.55±0.56 | 13.63±0.88 | 56.82±1.44 |
S5C5-160 | 1.07±0.03 | 34.15±0.27 | 2.28±0.06 | 1.66±0.05 | 11.58±0.30 | 0.80±0.01 | 0.25±0.01 | 49.26±0.71 | 18.55±0.35 | 32.19±0.36 |
S5C5-200 | 1.06±0.03 | 34.70±1.46 | 2.03±0.14 | 1.53±0.05 | 7.69±2.03 | 0.07±0.08 | 0.17±0.05 | 52.99±0.63 | 17.08±0.27 | 29.93±0.36 |
S5C5-280 | 0.90±0.03 | 34.47±0.38 | 1.85±0.07 | 1.83±0.04 | 5.59±0.06 | 0.64±0.02 | 0.12±0.01 | 55.36±0.38 | 13.80±0.21 | 30.84±0.59 |
Table 1 Proximate and ultimate analysis of raw materials and hydrochars
Sample | Ultimate analysis/% (d) | H/C | O/C | Proximate analysis/% (d) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | C | H | S | O① | Ash | VM | FC | |||
SS-Raw | 3.51±0.09 | 20.38±0.47 | 3.04±0.06 | 1.92±0.07 | 16.87±0.01 | 1.79±0.07 | 0.62±0.01 | 54.28±0.26 | 45.59±0.24 | 0.13±0.02 |
CS-Raw | 1.07±0.05 | 53.70±0.30 | 2.83±0.04 | 2.93±0.04 | 12.96±0.06 | 0.63±0.01 | 0.18±0.01 | 26.51±0.37 | 18.79±0.56 | 54.70± 0.19 |
S10C0-240 | 1.65±0.04 | 9.99±0.06 | 1.18±0..06 | 0.59±0.07 | 6.65±0.15 | 1.42±0.06 | 0.50±0.01 | 79.94±0.38 | 17.34±0.79 | 2.72±0.41 |
S7C3-240 | 1.06±0.03 | 26.40±0.57 | 1.84±0.07 | 1.73±0.04 | 5.84±0.01 | 0.84±0.01 | 0.17±0.01 | 63.13±0.72 | 16.87±0.74 | 20.00±0.02 |
S5C5-240 | 0.98±0.05 | 34.84±0.81 | 2.15±0.11 | 2.17±0.05 | 6.61±0.99 | 0.74±0.06 | 0.14±0.02 | 53.25±0.39 | 15.85±0.73 | 30.90±0.34 |
S3C7-240 | 0.83±0.02 | 41.91±0.44 | 2.51±0.06 | 2.43±0.05 | 6.68±0.56 | 0.72±0.02 | 0.12±0.01 | 45.64±0.21 | 15.09±0.57 | 39.27±0.36 |
S0C10-240 | 0.66±0.04 | 55.03±0.83 | 2.20±0.06 | 2.38±0.06 | 10.18±2.89 | 0.48±0.01 | 0.14±0.04 | 29.55±0.56 | 13.63±0.88 | 56.82±1.44 |
S5C5-160 | 1.07±0.03 | 34.15±0.27 | 2.28±0.06 | 1.66±0.05 | 11.58±0.30 | 0.80±0.01 | 0.25±0.01 | 49.26±0.71 | 18.55±0.35 | 32.19±0.36 |
S5C5-200 | 1.06±0.03 | 34.70±1.46 | 2.03±0.14 | 1.53±0.05 | 7.69±2.03 | 0.07±0.08 | 0.17±0.05 | 52.99±0.63 | 17.08±0.27 | 29.93±0.36 |
S5C5-280 | 0.90±0.03 | 34.47±0.38 | 1.85±0.07 | 1.83±0.04 | 5.59±0.06 | 0.64±0.02 | 0.12±0.01 | 55.36±0.38 | 13.80±0.21 | 30.84±0.59 |
Sulphur species | Binding energy/eV |
---|---|
mercaptan | 162.2±0.2 |
sulfide | 163.3±0.2 |
thiophene | 164.1±0.2 |
sulfoxide | 166.0±0.2 |
sulfone | 168.5±0.5 |
sulfate | 170.0±0.5 |
Table 2 Binding energies of different sulphur species[15-18]
Sulphur species | Binding energy/eV |
---|---|
mercaptan | 162.2±0.2 |
sulfide | 163.3±0.2 |
thiophene | 164.1±0.2 |
sulfoxide | 166.0±0.2 |
sulfone | 168.5±0.5 |
sulfate | 170.0±0.5 |
Nitrogen functionality | Form | Binding energy/eV |
---|---|---|
pyridine-N | N-6 | 398.7±0.4 |
protein-N | N-A | 399.8±0.2 |
pyrrole-N | N-5 | 400.4±0.2 |
inorganic-N | Inorg-N | 402.0±0.5 |
quaternary-N | N-Q | 402.0±0.5 |
nitrogen oxide | N-X | 403.5±0.5 |
Table 3 Binding energies of nitrogen species[21-24]
Nitrogen functionality | Form | Binding energy/eV |
---|---|---|
pyridine-N | N-6 | 398.7±0.4 |
protein-N | N-A | 399.8±0.2 |
pyrrole-N | N-5 | 400.4±0.2 |
inorganic-N | Inorg-N | 402.0±0.5 |
quaternary-N | N-Q | 402.0±0.5 |
nitrogen oxide | N-X | 403.5±0.5 |
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