Effect of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of solid-liquid phase change for composite PCMs

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20230070

Abstract

Abstract:

For composite phase change materials (CPCMs), the heat storage performance can be described accurately and used effectively only if the effects of thermophysical properties of substrate and phase change materials (PCMs) on heat transfer characteristics are mastered. Therefore, the effects of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of phase change for CPCMs were investigated numerically at the pore scale. Based on the validated double-distributed-function (DDF) lattice Boltzmann (LB) model, the phase change, heat transfer, and flow in CPCMs were simulated under the conditions of different specific heat capacities and thermal diffusion coefficients of solid PCMs, liquid PCMs, and substrate. The influence of thermophysical properties on the phase change rate and heat storage were summarized. The numerical results showed that the heat transfer was accelerated by the internal flow of liquid PCMs. The larger the specific heat capacity of the substrate, the faster the phase change frontier and the greater the heat storage capacity can get. The large thermal diffusion coefficient of the substrate could enhance the phase change rate. While the specific heat capacity of solid PCMs was smaller, the phase change rate was faster, and the solid-liquid phase interface was thicker. And the wider interface of phase change could lead to a more unstable process of phase change. If higher phase transition rate is more important, PCMs with the specific heat capacity of solid phase smaller than liquid phase can be selected. However, if the stability of phase transition is more important, PCMs with the specific heat capacity of solid phase larger than liquid phase can be preferred.

Key words: composites, numerical simulation, lattice Boltzmann method, thermophysical property, phase change

摘要：

只有掌握基底和相变材料(PCMs)的热物性对换热特性的影响，才能准确描述混合型复合相变材料(CPCMs)储热性能及有效利用CPCMs。基于双分布(DDF)格子Boltzmann模型，验证并模拟了不同基底和PCMs固、液相的比热容和热扩散系数条件下混合型CPCMs的相变换热、流动过程，归纳其对相变速率储热的影响规律。结果表明：PCMs内液体环流的自然对流换热对总的换热过程起到促进作用。基材的比热容越大，相变速率越快，能够获得更大储热量；提高基材热扩散系数有利于提高相变速率。固相PCMs比热容越小，相变速率越快，但固、液相变界面越厚，相变越不稳定，所以如果期望得到更高的相变速率可选择固相小于液相比热容的PCMs，但如果更加看重相变的稳定性优先选择固相大于液相比热容的PCMs。

关键词: 复合材料, 数值模拟, 格子Boltzmann方法, 热物性, 相变

CLC Number:

TB 34

Jialin DAI, Weidong BI, Yumei YONG, Wenqiang CHEN, Hanyang MO, Bing SUN, Chao YANG. Effect of thermophysical properties on the heat transfer characteristics of solid-liquid phase change for composite PCMs[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(5): 1914-1927.

代佳琳, 毕唯东, 雍玉梅, 陈文强, 莫晗旸, 孙兵, 杨超. 热物性对混合型CPCMs固液相变特性影响模拟研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(5): 1914-1927.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Description of the computational domain and setting of the boundary conditions

Fig.2 Grid-independent verification（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.02, St=0.01, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.3 Verification of the correctness of the model and the validity of the code（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.02, St=0.01）

Fig.4 Description of the computing domain and boundary conditions for the fluid-solid coupling problems under natural covection（Pr=0.71）

Table 1 Verification results of fluid-solid coupling problems under natural covection

Ra	本文Nu_ave结果	文献Nu_ave结果
Ra	本文Nu_ave结果	Ref.[41]	相对误差/%	Ref.[42]	相对误差/%
1×10³	1.423	1.432	-0.628	1.424	-0.070
1×10⁴	1.757	1.768	-0.626	1.771	-0.791
1×10⁵	4.234	4.308	-1.718	4.324	-2.081
1×10⁶	8.362	8.605	-2.824	8.597	-2.734

Fig. 5 Volume fraction of the liquid phase in the process of heat transfer by conduction versus phase change considering natural convection（Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.6 Liquid volume fraction distribution and velocity vector distribution of CPCMs with time（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.7 Distribution of liquid volume fraction and enthalpy under different specific heat capacities of base and PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.1）

Fig.8 Liquid volume fraction versus Rcp and Fo（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rfcp=Rfs=1)

Fig.9 Temperature distribution at different ratios of thermal conductivity coefficient of substrate to PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.05）

Fig.10 Average enthalpy versusFo for different Rs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rcp=Rfcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.11 Liquid volume fraction versusFo for different Rfcp（Ra=2.5×104,Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.12 Phase distribution and enthalpy distribution under different specific heat capacities of solid phase PCMs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1, Fo=0.1）

Fig.13 Average Nu along the left wall versusFo for different Rfcp（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfs=1）

Fig.14 Liquid volume fraction versusFo and Rfs（Ra=2.5×104, Pr=0.1, St=1, Rs=Rcp=Rfcp=1）

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