Abstract:

Phase change energy storage technology has broad application prospects in fields such as promoting the consumption of volatile renewable energy and achieving low-cost energy supply by utilizing the peak-valley price difference. Due to the low thermal conductivity of most solid-liquid phase change materials and the weak convection effect in phase change energy storage systems, the heat storage/release rates of phase change energy storage systems are slow. Therefore, the development of highly efficient solid-liquid phase change heat transfer enhancement technologies has become a research hotspot in this field. Most of the existing studies enhance solid-liquid phase change heat transfer through passive methods such as the regulation of the thermophysical properties of phase change materials and the optimization of heat exchange structures, while there are relatively few studies on active solid-liquid phase change heat transfer enhancement technologies based on external field disturbances. For this reason, this paper systematically reviews the latest progress in the research on active heat transfer enhancement technologies for solid-liquid phase change under the conditions of external magnetic fields, electric fields, acoustic fields, and multi-field coupling at home and abroad, analyzes the principles, key control parameters, and application prospects of active enhancement of solid-liquid phase change heat transfer by external fields, and provides a good scientific reference and engineering guidance for the development of active heat transfer enhancement technologies for solid-liquid phase change based on external field disturbances.

Key words: energy storage, phase change, heat transfer, global optimization, external field disturbance, active enhancement

摘要：

相变储能技术在促进波动性可再生能源消纳以及利用峰谷价差实现低成本供能等领域具有广阔的应用前景。由于大多数固液相变材料热导率低且相变储能系统中对流效应弱等因素，导致相变储能系统储热/释热速率慢，发展高效固液相变换热强化技术已成为该领域的研究热点。现有研究大多通过相变材料热物性调控、换热结构优化等被动式方法来强化固液相变换热，而基于外场扰动的固液相变换热主动强化技术相关研究较少。为此，系统综述了国内外基于外部磁场、电场、声场以及多场耦合等条件下固液相变主动强化换热技术研究的最新进展，分析了外场主动强化固液相变换热的原理、关键控制参数以及应用前景等，为发展基于外场扰动的固液相变主动强化换热技术提供了良好的科学借鉴和工程指引。

关键词: 储能, 相变, 传热, 整体优化, 外场扰动, 主动强化