Abstract:

With the extensive use of fossil fuels, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) has increased year by year, causing global climate problems. To address this global issue, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is considered an important means to slow down CO₂ emissions. Currently, organic amines are commonly used as CO₂ absorbents, but their high regeneration energy consumption leads to high capture costs, which hinders the commercial deployment of CCUS. As a low-energy consumption absorbent, the liquid-liquid phase change absorbent, formulated with organic amines, functions as a solution capable of compensating for this deficiency. Liquid-liquid phase change absorbents are homogeneous under normal conditions, but phase change can be triggered when the polarity, hydrophilicity, or hydrogen bond strength changes, resulting in the formation of a CO₂-lean phase and a CO₂-rich phase. Only one phase enriched in CO₂ is sent to regeneration, thus reducing regeneration energy consumption.This review summarizes the research progress of liquid-liquid phase change absorbents in recent years, and compares key aspects such as phase change characteristics, phase change mechanism, absorption loading, and regeneration energy consumption. Finally, combined with the demand for CO₂ capture, other research contents that need to be improved are pointed out and future research directions are prospected.

Key words: CO₂ capture, organic amines, energy consumption, phase change, absorption

摘要：

随着能源消费的不断增加，CO₂排放量逐年递增，引发了全球性的气候问题。有机胺是常用的CO₂吸收剂，但过高的再生能耗导致CO₂捕集成本居高不下。基于有机胺开发的液-液相变吸收剂可以显著降低能耗。液-液相变吸收剂在正常条件下呈均相，但极性、亲水性或氢键强度发生变化时会触发相变，只需将富集CO₂的一相进行再生，从而降低再生能耗。基于分相特性、相变机理、吸收负载和再生能耗等关键信息，综述了最近几年液-液相变吸收剂的研究进展。最后结合CO₂捕集需求，指出了其他待完善的研究内容，展望了未来的研究方向。

关键词: 二氧化碳捕集, 有机胺, 能耗, 相变, 吸收