Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries have been widely utilized in the new energy market due to their high energy density, long cycling life, and low self-discharge rate. However, the commonly employed polyolefin separators in lithium-ion batteries will shrink and meltdown at high temperatures, which can lead to the occurrence of battery thermal runaway. The development of novel separators with high thermal stability is expected to improve the safety of the battery. The latest research progress of new separators with excellent thermal stability in the field of lithium-ion batteries is systematically reviewed, and their design ideas and structure-activity relationship are discussed. At the same time, the key characteristic parameters of the above separators, such as thickness, ionic conductivity, thermal shrinkage, etc., are summarized and compared. Finally, the future development direction of lithium-ion battery separators is prospected.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, thermal stability, separator, polyimide, cellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene

摘要：

锂离子电池以其高能量密度、长寿命、低自放电率等优点在新能源市场中得到了广泛应用。然而，锂离子电池常用的聚烯烃隔膜在高温环境下会发生皱缩和熔化，进而导致电池热失控。研制具有高热稳定性的新型隔膜有望改善电池的安全性。系统地综述了锂离子电池领域具有优异热稳定性的新型隔膜的最新研究进展，并对其设计思路以及构效关系进行了讨论，同时对上述隔膜的关键特征参数，如厚度、离子电导率、热收缩率等进行了归纳与比较。最后，对锂离子电池隔膜的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 热稳定性, 隔膜, 聚酰亚胺, 纤维素, 聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯