Effects of membrane materials on performance of membrane aerated biofilm reactor

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151362

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polypropylene (PP) were chosen as membrane materials to compare the effects of membrane materials on the start-up time, biomass, performance for nitrogen and carbon removals as well as membrane fouling in membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR), resulting from their different hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, surface morphology and biocompatibility. The results showed that the biomass on PVDF and PP membrane fibers were 35.62 g·m^-2 and 30.63 g·m^-2, respectively. The membrane fouling by microorganism was observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface of PVDF membrane fibers with scaly structure was found, which prevented the pores from being blocked by microorganism on the surface effectively. MABR equipped PVDF membrane fibers achieved COD removal efficiency of above 90% and TN removal efficiency of 78% during 90 days operation, while COD and TN removal efficiencies of MABR occupied with PP membrane fibers were kept 76.5% and 49.1%, respectively, owing to membrane fouling. It was suggested that PVDF membrane fibers should be more suitable for MABR.

Key words: MABR, PVDF, PP, biofilm, membrane fouling

摘要：

选择聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚丙烯(PP)中空纤维曝气膜作为膜曝气生物膜反应器(MABR)的膜组件材料,比较两种膜材料由于亲疏水性能、表面形态、生物相容性等性质的差别,对MABR挂膜启动速度、生物附着量、脱氮除碳及膜污染等性能的影响。研究显示,运行末期PVDF和PP膜纤维生物附着量分别为35.62 g·m^-2和30.63 g·m^-2。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜观察两种膜表面生物污染情况,PVDF膜纤维表面呈鱼鳞状结构,有效保护了膜孔不被微生物完全堵塞。在90 d的运行周期内以PVDF为曝气膜材料的MABR获得了90%以上的COD去除率和78%的TN去除率;而以PP为曝气膜的MABR由于运行后期曝气膜纤维污染严重仅得到了76.5%的COD去除率和49.1%的TN去除率。因此,PVDF曝气纤维更适于作膜曝气生物膜反应器的曝气膜。

关键词: MABR, PVDF, PP, 生物膜, 膜污染

CLC Number:

X703.1

ZENG Qingnan, WU Yun, ZHANG Hongwei, ZHANG Nan. Effects of membrane materials on performance of membrane aerated biofilm reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(4): 1483-1489.

曾庆楠, 吴云, 张宏伟, 张楠. 膜材料对膜曝气生物膜反应器性能影响的比较[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(4): 1483-1489.

References 27

[1]	张宗和, 郑平, 厉巍, 等. 一体化生物脱氮技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34 (10): 3762-3768. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.10.037. ZHANG Z H, ZHENG P, LI W, et al. Research progress in integrative bio-technologies for nitrogen removal[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2015, 34 (10): 3762-3768. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.10.037.
[2]	YEH S J, JENKINS C R. Pure oxygen fixed film reactor[J]. Journal of Environment Engineering, 1978, 14: 611-623.
[3]	GONG Z, YANG F, BAO H, et al. Feasibility of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor to achieve single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal based on Anammox[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 69 (5): 776-784.
[4]	TERADA A, HIBIYA K, NAGAI J, et al. Nitrogen removal characteristics and biofilm analysis of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor applicable to high-strength nitrogenous wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2003, 95 (2): 170-178.
[5]	TERATA A, ITO J, MATSUMOTO S, et al. Fibrous support stabilizes nitrification performance of a membrane-aerated biofilm: the effect of liquid flow perturbation[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 2009, 42 (8): 607-615.
[6]	STRICKER A E, LOSSING H, GIBSON J H, et al. Pilot scale testing of a new configuration of the membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) to treat high-strength industrial sewage[J]. Water Environment Research, 2011, 83 (1): 3-14.
[7]	WEI X, LI B A, WANG L, et al. Mixed pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by integrated membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) system—a pilot-scale study[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 122 (5): 189-195.
[8]	SYRON E, CASEY E. Membrane-aerated biofilm for high rate biotreatment: performance appraisal, engineering principles, scale-up, and development requirement[J]. Environment Science Technology, 2008, 42 (6): 1833-1844.
[9]	吴云, 张楠, 张宏伟, 等. 膜曝气生物膜反应器内流场的CFD模拟及组件优化[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66 (1): 402-409. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn. 0438-1157.20140975. WU Y, ZHANG N, ZHANG H W, et al. CFD stimulation of internal hydrodynamic characteristics and optimization of membrane module in membrane aerated biofilm reactor[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66 (1): 402-409. DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20140975.
[10]	SATOH H, ONO H, BIAN R, et al. Macroscale and microscale analyses of nitrification and denitrification in biofilms attached on membrane aerated biofilm reactors[J]. Water Research, 2004, 38 (6): 1633-1641.
[11]	张杨, 李庭刚, 强志民, 等. 膜曝气生物膜反应器研究进展[J]. 环境科学学报, 2011, 31 (6): 1133-1143. Zhang Y, Li T G, Qiang Z M, et al. Current research progress on the membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR)[J]. Acta Science Circumstantiae, 2011, 31 (6): 1133-1143.
[12]	TERADA A, YAMAMOTO T, HIBIYA K, et al. Enhancement of biofilm formation onto surface-modified hollow-fiber membranes and its application to a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2004, 49: 263-268.
[13]	MARTIN K J, NERENBERG R. The membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for water and wastewater treatment: principles, applications, and recent developments[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 122 (10): 83-94.
[14]	TERADA A, HIBIYA K, NAGAI J. Nitrogen removal characteristics and biofilm analysis of a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor applicable to high-strength nitrogenous wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2003, 95 (2): 170-178.
[15]	邢卫红, 仲兆祥, 景文珩, 等. 基于膜表面与界面作用的膜污染控制方法[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64 (1): 173-181. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0439-1157.2013.01.020. XING W H, ZHONG Z X, JING W H, et al. Controlling of membrane fouling based on membrane interface interface interactions[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64 (1): 173-181. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0439-1157.2013.01.020.
[16]	RANA D, MATSUURA T. Surface modifications for antifouling membranes[J]. Chemical Reviews, 2010, 110 (4): 2448-2471.
[17]	TERADA A, YUASA A, TSUNEDA S, et al. Elucidation of dominant effect on initial bacterial adhesion onto polymer surface prepared by radiation-induced graft polymerization[J]. Colloids Surface Biointerfaces, 2005, 43 (2): 99-107.
[18]	GRELOT A, GRELILER P, VINCELET C, et al. Fouling characterization of a PVDF membrane[J]. Desalination, 2010, 250 (2): 707-711.
[19]	TIAN H L, ZHAO J Y, ZHANG H Y. Bacterial community shift along with the changes in operational conditions in a membrane-aerated biofilm reactor[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2015, 99: 3279-3290.
[20]	PELICER-NÀCHER C, SMETS B F. Structure, composition, and strength of nitrifying membrane-aerated biofilms[J]. Water Research, 2014, 57 (12): 151-161.
[21]	WANG B, HE S, WANG L, et al. Simultaneous nitrification and de-nitrification in MBR[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2005, 52 (10/11): 453-442.
[22]	XING J, YU C, WANG W J, et al. Effect of partial oxygen pressures on pollutant removal with membrane-aerated bioreactor[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 773: 347-352.
[23]	LAPARA T M, COLE A C, SHANAHAN J M, et al. The effects of organic carbon, ammoniacal-nitrogen, and oxygen partial pressure on the stratification of membrane-aerated biofilms[J]. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2006, 33 (4): 315-323.
[24]	罗亚红, 李冬, 鲍林林, 等. 长泥龄改良A2/O工艺的短程硝化反硝化除磷[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65 (12): 4985-4996. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.12.046. LUO Y H, LI D, BAO L L, et al. Shortcut nitrification and denitrifying phosphorus removal in improved A2/O technique with long SRT[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65 (12): 4985-4996. DOI: 10.3969/j. issn.0438-1157.2014.12.046.
[25]	PAETKAU M, CICEK N. Comparison of nitrogen removal and sludge characteristics between a conventional and a simultaneous nitrification-denitrification membrane bioreacter[J]. Desalination, 2011, 283 (12): 165-168.
[26]	BEAK S H, KIM H J. Mathematical model for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in membrane bioreactor (MBR) under low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations[J]. Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 2013, 18 (1): 104-110.
[27]	ZHANG Y X, ZHOU J, ZHANG J S, et al. An innovative membrane bioreactor and packed-bed biofilm reactor combined system for shortcut nitrification-denitrification[J]. Journal of Environment Science, 2009, 21 (5): 568-574.