Abstract:

Graphene oxide(GO) was obtained by improved Hummers method. Hydrated hydrazine, chitosan, potassium hydroxide was used to prepare different reduced graphene oxide (rGO), respectively, to choose the best reductant. The rGO was restored and modified by ionic liquid (NH₂IL) to obtain functionalized graphene (NH₂IL-rGO), the matrix (MBAE) was prepared from 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane bismaleimide in which diallyl bisphenol A (BBA) and bisphenol A bisallyl ether (BBE) were used as reactive diluents, NH₂IL-rGO/MBAE composites were prepared from NH₂IL-rGO and MBAE via in situ polymerization. The effect of graphene on the properties of composites was studied. The results showed that the micro-morphology of composite existed two-phase structure completely between the matrix and NH₂IL-rGO, Graphene gave the material excellent properties. The impact strength and bending strength of composites reached the maximum, 15.33 kJ/m² and 142 MPa, respectively, when the content of NH₂IL-rGO was 2%(mass). The thermal decomposition temperature of the composites was 435.73℃, the dielectric constant of the composites abruptly reached 84 when testing frequency range was 100 Hz-10 kHz.

Key words: composites, bismaleimide, graphene, oxidation, mechanical properties, dielectric constant

摘要：

采用改进Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯（GO），分别采用水合肼、壳聚糖、KOH还原得到了还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）并对三种还原方法做了对比，选择最佳方案；再通过离子液体（NH₂IL）对rGO功能化得到改性还原氧化石墨烯（NH₂IL-rGO）。以二烯丙基双酚A （BBA）和双酚A双烯丙基醚（BBE）为活性稀释剂，4，4'-二氨基二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺（MBMI）为反应单体，制备了MBMI-BBA-BBE （MBAE）树脂基体；同时以NH₂IL-rGO为增强体采用原位聚合法制备NH₂IL-rGO/MBAE复合材料。表征了石墨烯和复合材料的微观形貌并分析了石墨烯对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：NH₂IL-rGO在树脂基体中以两相形式存在，结构完整，并赋予复合材料优异的性能。当NH₂IL-rGO含量为2%（质量）时，复合材料冲击强度和弯曲强度最大，分别为15.33 kJ/m²和142 MPa，热分解温度为435.73℃、当测试频率为100 Hz～10 kHz时介电常数发生突变达到84。

关键词: 复合材料, 双马来酰亚胺, 石墨烯, 氧化, 力学性能, 介电常数