Abstract: By mixing nano-particles of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ into the casting solution,the nano-modified PVDF flat ultrafiltration membranes with different nano-particle aggregates and proportions were prepared by means of the immerged gel phase inversion process.The effects of different nano-particle aggregates and proportions on membrane performance were discussed.The modification membranes were investigated with SEM and XRD.These modified membranes were used to dispose of the typical oily sewage from coastal oil depot.The hydrophilicity of membrane and its anti-fouling property were improved significantly.The toughness and strength of the membrane were improved effectively which tensile rupture elongation of membrane showed a maximum increase of 6.75% and tensile strength a maximum increase of 43.3%.The suitable total content of nanometer particles was 3% and the best proportion of two nanometer particles was 1:2.Optimized modified membrane showed good treatment for oily wastewater from coastal oil depot.The content of suspended solids in the effluent was less than 0.4 mg·L^-1,the content of petroleum hydrocarbon was less than 0.5 mg·L^-1,COD was between 60—70 mg·L^-1,complying with discharge standard.

Key words: TiO₂, Al₂O₃, nanometer particles, modified PVDF, flat ultrafiltration membrane, oily sewage from coastal oil depot

摘要： 在PVDF/PVP体系中添加Al₂O₃和TiO₂两种无机纳米颗粒,利用沉浸凝胶相转化法制得纳米颗粒总量不同和比例不同的改性PVDF平板超滤膜。探讨了纳米颗粒比例和总量对膜性能的影响。利用SEM、XRD对改性膜的结构进行了表征。并利用该改性膜处理典型沿海油库含油污水。结果显示:两种无机纳米颗粒的加入,明显增强了纳米改性膜的亲水性,使膜的抗污染性能得到提高;膜的韧性和强度得到改进;膜表面及膜孔的微观结构、改性膜的结晶度没有受到无机纳米颗粒的明显影响。最佳的纳米颗粒总含量为3%,两种纳米颗粒最佳质量比例为1:2。采用改性膜处理油库含油污水,稳定时出水中悬浮物含量低于0.4 mg·L^-1;石油烃类含量低于0.5 mg·L^-1;COD值在60～70 mg·L^-1之间,达到了国家污水排放标准。

关键词: 二氧化钛, 氧化铝, 纳米粒子, 改性聚偏氟乙烯, 平板超滤膜, 油库含油污水