Abstract: A novel distributor consisting of a swirl vane, nozzles and fluid splitting rooms was proposed to distribute gas-liquid two-phase flow evenly. The swirl van was used to change upstream flow patterns into annular flow with uniform film thickness to make sure all the nozzles have same inlet condition and the nozzles were used to accelerate the gas-liquid mixture to achieve critical flow. In order to investigate the distributor behavior under different extraction ratios, a 2-nozzle and a 4-nozzle distributor were designed. A numerical model was developed to simulate the gas and liquid velocity vector distribution in the distributor. The simulation results showed that all the nozzles had similar flow behavior if their outlet pressures were equal. Experiments were conducted in an air-water two-phase flow loop, with the distributor horizontally installed. Superficial gas velocity varied from 5.0 m·s^-1 to 25.0 m·s^-1, liquid superficial velocity was in the range of 0.012-0.14 m·s^-1. The flow patterns observed during the tests included wavy flow, annular flow and slug flow. It was found that gas and liquid splitting ratio was determined by the number of the nozzles and was independent of flow patterns, gas and liquid superficial velocity and resistance characteristic of the downstream pipeline. The splitting ratios of the 2-nozzle and 4-nozzle distributors were 0.5 and 0.25 respectively.

Key words: gas-liquid flow, distribution, numerical simulation, phase splitting, control, critical flow

摘要： 提出了一种新型气液两相流分配器，主要由旋流叶片、整流器、分流喷嘴以及分配腔室组成。通过采用“流型调整”与“临界分流”控制相分离。为研究不同分流比下的分配特征，设计了2喷嘴和4喷嘴两种分配结构。建立了气液两相流数值模型，模拟了气液两相流在分配器内流动特性。在气液两相流实验环道上进行了测试，气相折算速度范围为5.0～25.0 m·s^-1，液相折算速度范围为0.012～0.14 m·s^-1，实验中出现的流型包括波浪流、段塞流以及环状流。结果表明，在临界分流条件下，气液相分流系数主要取决于与侧支管相连通的分流喷嘴数目与总喷嘴数目的比值，不受流型、气液流速等参数波动的影响。对于2喷嘴分配器分流系数接近理论值0.5，对于4喷嘴气液分流系数约为0.25。

关键词: 气液两相流, 分配, 数值模拟, 相分离, 控制, 临界流